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艾略特(Eliot)《J·阿爾弗雷德·普魯弗洛克的情歌》

(2019-02-22 08:07:30) 下一個

(T. S. Eliot,  1888 - 1965)

-------------------------------------------------

譯記

 

1. 年前女兒和我聊起艾略特的《J·阿爾弗雷德·普魯弗洛克的情歌》。我突然意識到,自已竟然還沒讀過這首名詩的原文。等讀過原文後,覺得自己的理解與前輩大師查良錚的中譯有若幹不同之處。於是動筆翻譯了一遍。

 

2. 這首”非情“的”非歌“是艾略特20來歲時的詩作 -- 偉大詩人的第一部偉大作品 。現在讀來,感受與當年(自是)頗有不同。愈加歎服。

 

3. 全詩粗粗看來,是假托了中年人的心境的”我“,要去一個聚會,希望向心儀的女士做出表白,以擺脫自己的孤寂,但又不知道是否能聚喚起足夠的勇氣。第三句很突兀的意象,就已經有了對讀者的”警示“(這絕不是一首浪漫的情歌),而且對後麵的詩句做了充足的鋪墊(缺乏生氣、等待解剖)。第十行的”問題“是個反複出現主題,而第十一行的逃避開始了通篇的猶疑,也銜接著後麵的“會有時間”。之後反複的疑惑、焦慮、搖擺、自慚形穢、欲說還休,直至別無選擇地放棄,然後還要再把幻想中的逃避擊碎。

 

詩中更不乏廣為引用的神來之筆,例如“我已經用咖啡勺子量出我的生命”。

 

4. 詩前的題詞摘自但丁《神曲·地獄篇》第27歌的61-66行。我不懂意大利文,這裏采用了手頭上的朱維基譯文(上海譯文出版社84年版第195頁)。(可惜朱維基是從英文轉譯的。)

 

5. 翻譯中,第111行(“No! I am not Prince Hamlet, nor was meant to be;”)最費躊躇。一語雙關的詩句差不多是無法翻譯的吧。原文一下子就能喚起讀者對哈姆萊特著名“to be or not to be”獨白的記憶,並暗示著“That is the question” 以及“lose the name of action”。

 

6. 這第111行還隻是在翻譯中難以傳達。更有那些明顯可以有多重不同讀法的,有些歧義很難斷言孰優孰劣,也就隻能選擇某一個了。比如第5行的“retreats”做名詞或動詞解均可,於是在第4-7行,至少可以有三、四種可能。一種解讀會考慮到第4行結尾的逗號。但這又畢竟是詩。

 

7. 像第4-7行的幾種讀法這類歧義,對全詩的理解影響尚有限。更有很多可以深入討論的,例如誰是“you and I”的“you”(你)。這個“你”也可以有至少五種解讀,對後文理解的影響則很重要。究竟是讀者?還是同伴?還是女伴?還是另一個版本的“我"(浪漫主義的”我“相對於現實主義的”我“)?還是空幻? 閱讀者可反複把玩,試圖自圓其說,而樂在其中。

 

8. 第二節的兩句”副歌“(“在房間裏女士們走來又走過 / 談論著米開朗基羅”)是在抨擊晚會及其參加者的無聊與虛榮,還是以米開朗基羅的形象來凸顯”我“的無足輕重,或是...?

 

9. 我曾說過:“詩這玩意,一百個人會有一百個解讀。艾略特的詩,一百個人會有一百二十個解讀。” 博學複雜如艾略特,如果我們非要去猜測他“會是怎麽想的、感覺的”,那也就隻是個猜測而已。

 

一個譯本就是一種解讀,就權當再添一個解讀吧。

-------------------------------------------------
 

J·阿爾弗雷德·普魯弗洛克的情歌

 

 

(美/英)T. S. Eliot

 

舒嘯 譯

 

 

假設我先前想到了

我是在向一個能夠回到人間去的人答話,

那末這個火焰就不會再搖動了;

但是既然沒有人能從這深淵

活著回去(假如我聽到的是真話),

我就不怕出醜向你回答。

 

 

那末我們就走吧,你和我,

夜晚正在天幕上展開

仿佛病人麻醉在手術台;

我們走吧,走過幾條冷冷清清的街巷,

走過低沉嘈雜的休憩地方 —

過夜的廉價旅店裏浮躁的夜晚

也走過鋪著鋸末扔著牡蠣殼的餐館:

街巷相接著仿佛一場乏味的爭議,

帶著陰險的圖謀算計,

引導著你直到一個至關重要的問題 . . .

噢,不要問,“那是什麽?”

我們走吧,去做客。

 

在房間裏女士們走來又走過

談論著米開朗基羅。

 

黃色的霧在窗玻璃上蹭著它的脊背,

黃色的煙在窗玻璃上蹭著它的鼻嘴,

把舌頭舔進了夜晚的那些角落,

在陰溝的積水坑上麵徘徊縈回,

讓煙囪落下的煙炱落在它的背上,

悄悄滑過陽台, 忽地縱身一躍,

看到了這是個溫柔的十月之夜,

圍繞房子轉一圈, 沉入夢鄉。

 

而的的確確總會有時間

讓沿著街巷滑行的黃色煙霧,

在窗玻璃上蹭著它的背部;

總會有時間,總會有時間

準備一副臉麵去會見你去會見的臉麵,

總會有時間去行刺謀殺和創造組建,

向你提出、擱置問題的那些手會有時間

去完成所有的勞作與歇閑;

有你的時間,有我的時間,

在享用烤麵包和紅茶之前,

還有時間去一百次優柔寡斷,

還可以有一百個預見和更換。

 

在房間裏女士們走來又走過

談論著米開朗基羅。

 

而的的確確總會有時間

來疑慮:“我敢不敢?”“我敢不敢?”

有時間轉過身走下樓梯

帶著我頭發中間的禿斑 —

[他們會說:“他的頭發怎麽變得稀薄!”]

我的晨禮服,我的領口堅實地頂在下顎

我的領結貴重而又不炫耀,由一支簡單的別針固定 —

[他們會說:“可他的胳膊、腿怎麽那麽瘦弱!”]

我敢不敢

把這個宇宙驚動?

在一分鍾內有足夠的時間

來做出一分鍾就可以再推翻的決定和修訂。

 

因為我已經知道全部,知道全部 —  

已經知道那些傍晚,早晨,下午,

我已經用咖啡勺子量出我的生命;

我知道那些正在消亡的話語聲

在遠處房間傳來的音樂中愈來愈輕微。

那麽我該如何去冒昧?

 

而且我已經知道那些眼睛,知道所有的眼睛 —

那些眼睛用一個公式化的句子就把你固定,

而當我被公式化,在一支別針上展開肢體,

當我被釘在牆上蠕動扭曲,

那麽我怎麽開始

吐出來我時日和習性所有的煙蒂?

那麽我該如何去冒昧?

 

而且我已經知道那些手臂,知道所有的手臂—

那些手臂帶著環鐲、赤裸、白皙

[但是在燈光下,布滿了淺棕的汗毛!]

是不是哪件衣裙傳來的香水味道

讓我說得這麽離題?

那些胳膊橫在桌子上,或裹在披肩裏。

那麽我是不是該去冒昧?

我又應該怎麽開始?

 

                          . . . . .

 

我是不是該說,我在黃昏時已經走過狹窄的街道

看到了孤獨的男人們穿著襯衫,身子探出窗口

抽著嫋嫋冒煙的煙鬥?. . .

 

我本來應該是一對粗糙的蟹螯

在沉寂的海底東奔西跑。

 

                          . . . . .

 

而下午、夜晚,睡得那麽安靜!

被長長的手指安撫著,

睡眠. . .疲倦. . .或是裝病

在地板上伸展,在這裏,在你我身側。

在紅茶、蛋糕和冰點之後,我是不是應該,

就有了足夠的力量來把此時推進危急的時刻?

但是盡管我哭泣過禁食過,哭泣過祈禱過,

盡管我看到了我的頭[有一點點發禿]用盤子端了進來

我不是先知 — 這裏什麽事情都不必大驚小怪;

我已經看到過我的輝煌時刻搖曳閃爍,

而且我已經看到過永恒的侍者拿著我的外套,暗暗發笑,

總而言之,我害怕過。

 

而且歸根到底,這是不是真的有價值,

用過了橘子醬、紅茶、酒汁甜點,

在瓷器之間,在閑聊你我之間,

是不是真的有價值

去微笑著啃下了這個課題,

去把宇宙壓擠成了一個球體

去滾動著它朝向某個至關重要的問題,

去說:“我是拉撒路,回生起死,

回來告訴你們所有,告訴你們所有”  —

如果哪一位,在她頭邊放個枕頭,

就會說:“那根本就不是我的意思。

那不是,一點都不是。”

 

而且歸根到底,這是不是真的有價值,

這是不是真值得,

經曆了那些日落和那些前庭和那些灑過水的街巷,

經曆了那些小說,經曆了那些茶杯,經曆了那些曳地的裙裝 —

以及這個,以及太多的更多?—

無法說明我的話意味著什麽!

但是如果魔幻的燈籠在屏幕上打出神經的圖案:

這是不是真值得

如果哪一位,放個枕頭或扔條披肩,

而轉向窗戶,會要說:

“那不是,一點都不是,

那根本就不是我的意思。”

 

不!我不是哈姆萊特王子,也從不想那樣生或死;  

隻是位隨從的爵士,要做的不多不少,

來給出行添些花哨,挑起一兩樁熱鬧,

給王子出出主意;沒錯,就是件順手的工具,

服服帖帖,能有用處就稱心如意,

通達事理,謹慎仔細,無微不至;

滿口海闊天空,但也有點笨拙鈍滯,

有時候,事實上,幾乎荒誕無稽 —

幾乎,有時候,就是個傻子呆癡。

        

我變老了 . . . 我變老了 . . .

我就要把褲腳卷起穿著。

 

是不是我要朝後分頭發?我有沒有吃桃的膽量?

我要穿著白色的法蘭絨褲子,在沙灘上徜徉。

我聽到過美人魚們彼此對著唱。

 

我不相信她們會為我歌唱。

 

當風把海水吹得或黑或白,

我看到過她們淩波馳向大海

梳理著波浪的白發朝後飛揚。

 

我們一直逗留彷徨

在海姑娘用紅棕海帶編飾的廳房

直到人聲喚醒我們,我們就會溺水而亡。

              

 

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T.S.Eliot 原詩:

 

               The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock
 

                          S’io credesse che mia risposta fosse

                          A persona che mai tornasse al mondo

                          Questa fiamma staria sensa piu scosse.

                          Ma perciocche giammai di questo fondo

                          Non torno vivo alcun, s’i’odo il vero

                          Sensa tema d’infamia ti rispondo.

 

               Let us go then, you and I,

               When the evening is spread out against the sky

               Like a patient etherized upon a table;

               Let us go, through certain half-deserted streets,

               The muttering retreats

               Of restless nights in one-night cheap hotels

               And sawdust restaurants with oyster-shells:

               Streets that follow like a tedious argument

               Of insidious intent

               To lead you to an overwhelming question . . .

               Oh, do not ask, ‘What is it?’

               Let us go and make our visit.

 

               In the room the women come and go

               Talking of Michelangelo.

 

               The yellow fog that rubs its back upon the window-panes,

               The yellow smoke that rubs its muzzle on the window-panes,

               Licked its tongue into the corners of the evening,

               Lingered upon the pools that stand in drains,

               Let fall upon its back the soot that falls from chimneys,

               Slipped by the terrace, made a sudden leap,

               And seeing that it was a soft October night,

               Curled once about the house, and fell asleep.

 

               And indeed there will be time

               For the yellow smoke that slides along the street,

               Rubbing its back upon the window-panes;

               There will be time, there will be time

               To prepare a face to meet the faces that you meet;

               There will be time to murder and create,

               And time for all the works and days of hands

               That lift and drop a question on your plate;

               Time for you and time for me,

               And time yet for a hundred indecisions,

               And for a hundred visions and revisions,

               Before the taking of a toast and tea.

 

               In the room the women come and go

               Talking of Michelangelo.

 

               And indeed there will be time

               To wonder, ‘Do I dare?’ and, ‘Do I dare?’

               Time to turn back and descend the stair,

               With a bald spot in the middle of my hair—

               [They will say: ‘How his hair is growing thin!’]

               My morning coat, my collar mounting firmly to the chin,

               My necktie rich and modest, but asserted by a simple pin—

               [They will say: ‘But how his arms and legs are thin!’]

               Do I dare

               Disturb the universe?

               In a minute there is time

               For decisions and revisions which a minute will reverse.

 

               For I have known them all already, known them all—

               Have known the evenings, mornings, afternoons,

               I have measured out my life with coffee spoons;

               I know the voices dying with a dying fall

               Beneath the music from a farther room.

               So how should I presume?

 

               And I have known the eyes already, known them all—

               The eyes that fix you in a formulated phrase,

               And when I am formulated, sprawling on a pin,

               When I am pinned and wriggling on the wall,

               Then how should I begin

               To spit out all the butt-ends of my days and ways?

               And how should I presume?

 

               And I have known the arms already, known them all—

               Arms that are braceleted and white and bare

               [But in the lamplight, downed with light brown hair!]

               Is it perfume from a dress

               That makes me so digress?

               Arms that lie along a table, or wrap about a shawl.

               And should I then presume?

               And how should I begin?

 

                                        . . . . .

 

 

               Shall I say, I have gone at dusk through narrow streets

               And watched the smoke that rises from the pipes

               Of lonely men in shirt-sleeves, leaning out of windows? . . .

 

               I should have been a pair of ragged claws

               Scuttling across the floors of silent seas.

 

                                        . . . . .

 

 

               And the afternoon, the evening, sleeps so peacefully!

               Smoothed by long fingers,

               Asleep . . . tired . . . or it malingers

               Stretched on the floor, here beside you and me.

               Should I, after tea and cakes and ices,

               Have the strength to force the moment to its crisis?

               But though I have wept and fasted, wept and prayed,

               Though I have seen my head [grown slightly bald] brought in upon a platter

               I am no prophet—and here’s no great matter;

               I have seen the moment of my greatness flicker,

               And I have seen the eternal Footman hold my coat, and snicker,

               And in short, I was afraid.

 

               And would it have been worth it, after all,

               After the cups, the marmalade, the tea,

               Among the porcelain, among some talk of you and me,

               Would it have been worth while

               To have bitten off the matter with a smile,

               To have squeezed the universe into a ball

               To roll it toward some overwhelming question,

               To say: ‘I am Lazarus, come from the dead,

               Come back to tell you all, I shall tell you all’—

               If one, settling a pillow by her head,

               Should say: ‘That is not what I meant at all.

               That is not it, at all.’

 

               And would it have been worth it, after all,

               Would it have been worth while,

               After the sunsets and the dooryards and the sprinkled streets,

               After the novels, after the teacups, after the skirts that trail along the floor—

               And this, and so much more?—

               It is impossible to say just what I mean!

               But as if a magic lantern threw the nerves in patterns on a screen:

               Would it have been worth while

               If one, settling a pillow or throwing off a shawl,

               And turning toward the window, should say:

               ‘That is not it at all,

               That is not what I meant at all.’

 

               No! I am not Prince Hamlet, nor was meant to be;

               Am an attendant lord, one that will do

               To swell a progress, start a scene or two

               Advise the prince; no doubt, an easy tool,

               Deferential, glad to be of use,

               Politic, cautious, and meticulous;

               Full of high sentence, but a bit obtuse;

               At times, indeed, almost ridiculous—

               Almost, at times, the Fool.

 

               I grow old . . . I grow old . . .

               I shall wear the bottoms of my trousers rolled.

 

               Shall I part my hair behind? Do I dare to eat a peach?

               I shall wear white flannel trousers, and walk upon the beach.

               I have heard the mermaids singing, each to each.

 

               I do not think that they will sing to me.

 

               I have seen them riding seaward on the waves

               Combing the white hair of the waves blown back

               When the wind blows the water white and black.

 

               We have lingered in the chambers of the sea

               By sea-girls wreathed with seaweed red and brown

               Till human voices wake us, and we drown.

 

 

 

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英文詩歌選譯

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拜倫(Byron)《西庸的囚徒》(片段)

雪萊(Shelley)《一朵枯萎的紫羅蘭》

惠特曼(Whitman)《哦,生命啊!》(-- 紀念 Robin Williams)

狄金森(Dickinson)《成功最為甘美》(Fr112)

狄金森(Dickinson)《除了詩人們歌詠的秋日》(Fr123)

狄金森(Dickinson)《慢慢地來 — 伊甸樂園》(Fr205)

狄金森(Dickinson)《狂野之夜 — 狂野之夜》(Fr269)

狄金森(Dickinson)《我在可能性裏棲居》(Fr466)

狄金森(Dickinson)《因為我不能停步等候死亡》(Fr479)

狄金森(Dickinson)《這個角度的景觀》(Fr578)

狄金森(Dickinson)《瘋癡多是最神聖的理智》(Fr620)

狄金森(Dickinson)《我從未見到過荒野》(Fr800)

狄金森(Dickinson)《寬寬裕裕地備好這張床》(Fr804)

狄金森(Dickinson)《它是寂寞的歡詠》(Fr873)

狄金森(Dickinson)《比鳥兒更加深入夏天》(Fr895)

狄金森(Dickinson)《一個人可能會說句...》(Fr913)

狄金森(Dickinson)《無法察覺地,猶如愁緒》(Fr935)

狄金森(Dickinson)《歡樂時,時光自行消逝》(Fr1182)

狄金森(Dickinson)《夏天有兩個起點》(Fr1457)

狄金森(Dickinson)《就是在這裏我的夏日駐足》(Fr1771)

狄金森(Dickinson)《我的生命結束前已經結束過兩次》(Fr1773)

葉芝(Yeats)《茵尼斯夫裏的湖島》

艾略特(T.S.Eliot)《J·阿爾弗雷德·普魯弗洛克的情歌》

康明斯(e e cummings)《有一個地方我從未去過》

狄蘭·托馬斯(Dylan Thomas)《不要溫和地步入那永恒的黑夜》

史蒂文斯(Stevens)《罐子軼事》

比利·柯林斯(Billy Collins)《致我最愛的17歲高中女孩》

遵老同學獨舞先生命,玩笑譯“Someone Like You”

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【改譯】葉芝(Yeats)《當你老了》

【改譯】葉芝:《一九一六年複活節》

 

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舒嘯 回複 悄悄話 修正標點。謝謝朋友指正。
舒嘯 回複 悄悄話 回複 '富春江南' 的評論 : 謝謝富春江南垂顧。文學城裏的確幸福,能欣賞諸位的美文、妙書。

詩人藝術家們大約最為敏感,早早地就把握了時代的脈搏。而再提煉、凝聚、升華,以各自擅長的形式,或詩或畫或音樂表現出來,便是他們的才華了。
舒嘯 回複 悄悄話 回複 '菲兒天地' 的評論 : 謝謝菲兒!周末愉快。
富春江南 回複 悄悄話 20歲就能handle、寫出這麽複雜的感情,很了不起的詩人
富春江南 回複 悄悄話 在文學城能夠經常接受這樣的詩人的詩歌洗禮真是太幸福了。翻譯出了主人翁那種局促不安、欲言又止、自卑小我、煎熬、多情、浪漫......各種複雜的心情!讚,詩歌雖長,但是讀起來不累人,給人思考,有畫麵感、非常好
菲兒天地 回複 悄悄話 這首詩好長啊,就看你的譯記就很受益,謝謝分享!
舒嘯 回複 悄悄話 幸會ziqiao123!謝謝光臨、指正。誤植之字,已改正。這兩天幾次打錯字,慚愧了。問好。
ziqiao123 回複 悄悄話 譯的意趣兩得。"把舌頭添進了夜晚的那些角落"-- 是不是應該“舔” 還是故意用的“添”?
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