正文

Capitalization - 總訣

(2013-05-14 11:29:09) 下一個

Vol. 1, No. 18

本篇我們將站在前幾周所建立的基礎上融會貫通capitalization,一舉解開它的奧秘。這一係列的模塊的最後的一個plug就是期權池(stock option pool)。續Vol. 1, No. 13的例子,公司發行了一百萬普通股給創始團隊,之後公司以五百萬美元的公司價值向投資人融資一百萬美元,發行A優先股,公司的股份就會經過下述的幾步:

1. 發給創始團隊:

股東股票股份
王大明500,00050%
John Doe500,00050%
總計1,000,000100%

2. 以五百萬美元的公司價值向投資人融資一百萬美元:

投資人:“等等,那你們公司發給未來員工的期權從哪裏出?你們的公司需建立個期權池。而我們的要求是這期權池占融資後的15%”

換個方式來說,投資人的要求就是它們投多少錢,就占公司融資後的多少股份,而不會被期權池給稀釋。這在風險投資裏是標準模式。期權池的算法為:

$1,000,000 [投資額]/ ($1,000,000 [投資額] + $5,000,000 [公司估價]) = 16.6666%
100% - 16.6666% = 83.3334%
83.3334% - 15% [期權池] = 68.3334% [融資後創始團隊所占的股份]
1,000,000 [創始團隊的股票] / 68.3334% = 1,463,413
1,463,413 x 15% = 219,512

所以公司在融資前的股份就變成了:

股東股票股份
王大明500,00041%
John Doe500,00041%
期權池219,51218%

3. 基於上述的股權架構,以五百萬美元的公司價值向投資人融資一百萬美元:

$5,000,000 / 1,219,512 = $4.10
$1,000,000 / $4.10 = 243,902

股東股票股份
王大明500,00034.17%
John Doe500,00034.17%
期權池219,51215.00%
投資人243,90216.67%
總計1,463,414100%

4. 可是期權池與期權沒有投票權:

股東股票股份票數投票權
王大明500,00034.17%500,00040.20%
John Doe500,00034.17%500,00040.20%
期權池219,51215.00%00%
投資人243,90216.67%243,90219.61%
總計1,463,414100%1,243,902100%

所以切記期權池稀釋的不僅是股份,也稀釋了投票權。

好,說到這裏,各位的回家功課就是拿著上述的公司架構,回到Vol. 1, No. 16去演算賣掉這公司,各個股東(包括期權池的份)應得多少錢。

如有疑問請不吝留言。我們下周再聊。

● ● ● ● ●

Jerry Ku為高銳律師事務所(Gunderson Dettmer)的合夥人。此專欄所表達的意見為Jerry的個人看法而不代表Gunderson Dettmer的立場。

Gunderson Dettmer是一家在新興的成長型科技公司和風險投資基金方麵領先業界的國際商業律師事務所。在矽穀(Redwood City),舊金山,紐約,波士頓,聖地亞哥,北京都有辦事處。

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