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克裏斯蒂亞·弗裏蘭：自由民主國家正在“被憤怒的民粹主義政客劫持”
https://dailyhive.com/vancouver/chrystia-freeland-minister-foreign-affairs-canada
加拿大外交部長克裏斯蒂亞·弗裏蘭（Eric Zimmer / Daily Hive）
克裏斯蒂亞·弗裏蘭 (Chrystia Freeland) 表示，自 2015 年成為加拿大外交部長以來，僅僅四年後的今天，世界發生了如此大的變化，這讓她“震驚”。
“國際範式已經改變，我們需要采取不同的行為方式，”她在本周接受 Daily Hive 采訪時表示。
雖然她認為，作為加拿大人，“我們的原則和價值觀是完全相同的”，但她也認為現在是“采取不同方法的時候了，因為威脅是不同的”。
隨著自由黨在上周日公布了其綱領，以及幾周後的聯邦選舉，弗裏蘭表示，該黨外交政策的“中心主題”是“反擊這些威脅”，以建立基於規則的國際秩序和自由主義國家。 民主。
雖然這聽起來有些戲劇性，但弗裏蘭很認真地希望讓大家認識到這項政策的重要性。
“我認為我們確實需要認真對待整個自由民主理念所麵臨的威脅，”她繼續說道。
而且這也不一定是“來自威權政權等試圖破壞自由民主的外部威脅”。
相反，弗裏蘭說，“懷疑在自由民主內部蔓延……自由民主正在變成完全兩極分化的社會，分為這些敵對甚至交戰的部落，他們無法相互交談，而社會則被憤怒的人劫持”。 民粹主義政客。”
弗裏蘭說，這個主題存在於她所謂的“不快樂的自由民主國家”，其中“細節可能是獨特的，但基本的故事情節是相同的。”
她繼續說道，所發生的情況是，“中產階級被掏空了，有相當一部分人感到被剝奪了權利、被剝奪了權利，甚至與國家的治理方式隔絕了。”
她說，他那部分“被剝奪了公民權”的人口“為不負責任的政客提供了動力，讓他們去找他們，將這種挫敗感轉化為熾熱的民粹主義憤怒。”
雖然她相信加拿大是世界上“最聰明的自由民主國家”，但政府的“最大使命”以及“所有加拿大人都應該有的使命”就是不讓她所描述的情況成為現實 在加拿大，她說。
她說：“我認為，我們與誌同道合的國家一起，在這段時間學到的是，如果我們將擁有共同觀點並共同努力的國家聯盟聚集在一起，我們就能發揮最大的作用，而加拿大在這方麵非常擅長。” 。 “今天實際上沒有一個超級大國，所以我認為實際上每個人都受益於基於規則的國際秩序，而且有很多國家的想法與加拿大的方式相同。”
她說：“對我來說，我們為加拿大人接種疫苗以抵禦這一威脅的方式是，我們繼續投資於我們的中產階級，我們不會讓我們的國家出現那些感到絕望和被拋在後麵的人。”
對中產階級的投資是自由黨 2019 年選舉綱領的中心主題。
“真正重要的是這個平台作為一個整體，”弗裏蘭說。 “具體的部分有很多，但整體大於各個部分的總和。”
她繼續說，該平台“旨在對加拿大人的一些重要領域、中產階級以及那些正在努力加入中產階級的人進行投資，進行全方位的投資。”
在國內外
方慧蘭還反思了過去四年來她擔任外交部長的角色意味著什麽、她所做的工作類型以及加拿大在全球舞台上扮演的角色。
“我們一直在解決許多問題，”她說。 “我們在 LGBTQ 權利平等權利聯盟中發揮領導作用，加拿大仍然是《巴黎協定》以及所有這些多邊組織的堅定支持者。”
她還談到支持多邊主義的“更廣泛努力”，並指出這是過去四年加拿大外交政策的主題，“將是我們需要加倍努力的事情”。
弗裏蘭當然知道，並非所有國家都認同這種世界觀。
她說：“我們還必須做好準備，當我們大聲疾呼捍衛人權和基於規則的國際秩序時，有些人可能會不喜歡。” “會有國家和領導人反對，但這沒關係； 這實際上意味著我們正在產生影響，人們正在注意到我們正在做的事情。”
她還談到了她今年早些時候參與備受矚目的北美自由貿易協定（NAFTA）重新談判的情況，該協定現在通常被稱為美國-墨西哥-加拿大（USMCA）協議，由唐納德·特朗普總統創造。
弗裏蘭說：“我認為，北美自由貿易協定的否決，無論是過程還是結果，都代表了加拿大的最佳表現，而我們處理此事的方式，確實是加拿大團隊的表現。” “不僅僅是我，甚至不僅僅是核心小組，還有整個議會——全國各地的所有內閣同事和總理。”
她還回憶起總理在來回過程中說過的話。
“我記得就在我們宣布對鋼鐵和鋁關稅進行報複之後——這是我們自二戰以來最大的貿易行動——總理正在與內閣交談，”她說。 “他說‘這將是我們的做法：我們不會升級，也不會退縮。’”
弗裏蘭說，對她來說，這是“對‘加拿大人性’的完美概括，這當然就是世界上的加拿大：我們不會升級，我們不會出去打架，但我們也不會後退 向下。”
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Chrystia Freeland: Liberal democracies are being "hijacked by angry populist politicians"
https://dailyhive.com/vancouver/chrystia-freeland-minister-foreign-affairs-canada
Since becoming Canada’s Minister of Foreign Affairs in 2015, Chrystia Freeland said it’s “striking” to her how different the world is today, just four years later.
“The international paradigm has changed, and we need to behave differently,” she said, during a sit-down interview with Daily Hive this week.
And while she believes that, as Canadians, “our principles and our value are exactly the same,” she also believes now is the time to “take different approaches, because the threats are different.”
And with the Liberal Party unveiling its platform this past Sunday, and the federal election just weeks from now, Freeland said the “central theme” of the party’s foreign policy is “fighting back against these threats” to a rules-based international order and liberal democracy.
And while this may sound somewhat dramatic, Freeland is serious in her desire to drive home the importance of this policy.
“I think we do need to take seriously the threats that the whole idea of liberal democracy is facing,” she continued.
And it’s not necessarily “threats from the outside from places like authoritarian regimes trying to undermine liberal democracy,” either.
Instead, said Freeland, it’s “the doubts creeping in inside liberal democracy… liberal democracies that are becoming totally polarized societies, divided into these hostile – even warring – tribes who can’t talk to each other, and societies that have been hijacked by angry populist politicians.”
Freeland said this theme exists in what she called “unhappy liberal democracies,” where “the details may be unique but the basic storyline is the same.”
What has happened, she continued, “is the middle class has been hollowed and there is a significant group of people who feel disenfranchised, dispossessed, even cut off from how the country is being run.”
his “disenfranchised” segment of the population, she said, then “provides the fuel for an irresponsible politician to go to them and to whip that kind of frustration into red-hot populist anger.”
And while it’s her belief that Canada is “the smartest liberal democracy” in the world, the “single biggest mission” the government has, and “all Canadians should have,” is to not let a scenario like the one she describes come to fruition in Canada, she said.
“I think we’ve learned in this time — along with like-minded countries — is we can be most effective if we bring together alliances of countries that share our view and work together — and Canada is pretty good at that,” she said. “There is actually no single hyperpower today, so I think actually everyone benefits from a rules-based international order, and there are a lot of countries that think the way Canada does.”
“For me, the way we vaccinate Canadians against this threat, is we keep on investing in our middle class, and we don’t let our country have that group of people exist who feel hopeless and left behind,” she said.
“What’s really important is this platform as a whole,” said Freeland. “There are a lot of specific pieces, but the whole is even greater than the sum of its parts.”
The platform, she continued, “is about investing in Canadians in a number of essential areas, the middle class, and those who are working hard to join our middle class, with investment across the spectrum.”
At home and abroad
Freeland also reflected on what her role as foreign affairs minister has meant, the type of work she’s done, and the role that Canada has played on the global stage, over the past four years.
“We’ve been working on a number of issues,” she said. “Our leadership of the equal rights coalition on LGBTQ rights, the fact that Canada continues to be a strong supporter of the Paris Accords, all of these multi-lateral groups.”
She also spoke about a “broader effort” to support multilateralism, noting this has been a theme of Canada’s foreign policy over the last four years, and “will be something that we need to double down on.”
Freeland knows of course, that not all countries share this world view.
“We also have to be prepared for some people not to like it when we speak of up in defence of human rights, and in defence of the rules-based international order,” she said. “There will be countries and leaders who object, and that’s okay; it actually means that we’re having an impact and people are noticing what we’re doing.”
She also spoke about her involvement with the high-profile renegotiation of NAFTA — now popularly referred to as the US-Mexico-Canada (USMCA) agreement, as coined by President Donald Trump — earlier this year.
“The NAFTA negation, both the process and the outcome, I think, represent Canada out our best, and the way we approached it, was really as team Canada,” said Freeland. “It wasn’t just me or even just the caucus, it was the whole parliament — it was all cabinet colleagues and premiers across the country.”
She also recalled something the prime minister had said during the back-and-forth process.
“I remember that right after we announced our retaliation on the steel and aluminum tariffs — which was our biggest trade action since the second world war — and the PM was talking to cabinet,” she said. “He said ‘this is going to be our approach: we do not escalate and we do not back down.'”
Freeland said that for her this was “a perfect summary of ‘Canadian-ness’ and that is certainly Canada in the world: we don’t escalate, we’re not out there looking for a fight, but we also don’t back down.”
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