歐洲的工業正在快速關閉 比想象更令人擔憂

歐洲的工業正在快速關閉——這比你想象的更令人擔憂

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pgtDB2ea73E

2024年11月22日

歐洲的工業正在快速關閉——這比你想象的更令人擔憂

歐洲正處於十字路口。幾十年來，歐洲大陸一直以自己是工業創新、製造業實力和經濟韌性的中心而自豪。但如今，其工業模式的基礎正在出現裂縫。最緊迫的問題是：它是如何走到這一步的？中國製造業的崛起並不是秘密。但人們經常忽視的是其崛起背後的精準性和戰略性，以及它如何讓歐洲難以跟上。堅持下去，因為到最後，你會發現歐洲製造業的衰落不僅僅是一係列糟糕的決定——這是一個精心策劃的現實，中國巧妙地利用了這一點。

歐洲製造業正麵臨前所未有的壓力。德國通常被認為是歐洲工業的心髒，現在正麵臨著一係列挑戰。能源成本上升、工資過高以及對傳統行業的過度依賴使情況更加惡化。大眾汽車是德國工業實力的象征，正麵臨銷量下滑和競爭加劇的問題。該公司甚至將生產轉移到中國等成本較低、電動汽車需求旺盛的國家。這不僅僅是一家公司的問題，而是整個工業領域崩潰的征兆。

歐洲的能源危機進一步暴露了其脆弱性。從化學品到鋼鐵，能源密集型行業幾乎不可能與中國低成本、以煤炭為動力的製造業巨頭競爭。中國對可再生能源的大規模投資，加上其製造業繼續依賴更便宜的煤炭電力，使其具有競爭優勢。另一方麵，歐洲陷入了兩難境地。中國對綠色能源的承諾推高了成本，但基礎設施還不夠強大，無法為其工業提供價格合理、穩定的電力。

以電解器生產為例，這對氫能至關重要。歐洲的公司正在努力擴大規模，而中國公司正在迅速擴張，用更便宜的替代品充斥市場。這種差距導致歐洲製造商失去合同，更重要的是，失去競爭優勢。

中國並不是偶然進入這一地位的——它幾十年來一直在為此努力。讓我們來分析一下這一戰略：

成本效益：中國大規模、低成本生產的能力一直是其成功的基石。但這不僅僅是廉價勞動力。政府大量補貼工業，確保企業能夠在全球範圍內以高於競爭對手的價格競爭。

技術轉讓：歐洲公司是第一批進入中國市場的公司之一，受到中國不斷壯大的中產階級的吸引。但作為市場準入的交換，許多公司被要求分享關鍵技術。幾十年後，中國企業如今在電動汽車等領域處於領先地位，利用了歐洲曾經控製的技術。

積極擴張：從綠色技術到汽車製造，中國正投入數十億美元用於研發和生產。例如，電動汽車行業發展如此迅速，以至於中國品牌現在不僅在國內市場占據主導地位，而且正在歐洲取得重大進展。一帶一路計劃 (BRI)：通過這一計劃，中國建立了廣泛的貿易和基礎設施網絡，使其商品更容易出口到全球。政策和官僚機構分散的歐洲難以與這種凝聚力和願景相媲美。

歐洲的掙紮在電動汽車 (EV) 行業中表現得最為明顯。雖然大眾和寶馬等歐洲汽車製造商轉向電動汽車的速度很慢，但中國公司很早就接受了這一轉變。比亞迪和蔚來等品牌現在引領全球電動汽車市場，以具有競爭力的價格提供高質量的汽車。在中國，這些公司享受著政府的大力支持，包括研發補貼、消費者激勵和基礎設施建設。相比之下，歐洲麵臨著政策分散和對電動汽車普及的支持不一致的問題。這種差異導致中國製造的電動汽車大量湧入歐洲市場，削弱了當地製造商的競爭力。

Europe's Industries Are Shutting Down FAST – And It's More Alarming Than You Think

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pgtDB2ea73E
2024年11月22日

Europe's Industries Are Shutting Down FAST – And It's More Alarming Than You Think

Europe is at a crossroads. For decades, the continent has prided itself on being a hub of industrial innovation, manufacturing prowess, and economic resilience. But today, cracks are forming in the very foundation of its industrial model. And the most pressing question is: how did it get here? China's rise in manufacturing isn’t a secret. But what’s often overlooked is the precision and strategy behind its ascent, and how it has left Europe scrambling to keep up. Stick with me because by the end of this, you’ll see how Europe’s manufacturing decline isn’t just a series of bad decisions—it’s a carefully orchestrated reality that China has capitalized on brilliantly.

Europe’s manufacturing sector is under pressure like never before. Germany, often considered the beating heart of European industry, is now grappling with a storm of challenges. Rising energy costs, high wages, and over-dependence on legacy industries have made the situation worse. Volkswagen, the symbol of German industrial might, is facing declining sales and mounting competition. The company is even shifting production to countries like China, where costs are lower, and demand for electric vehicles is booming. This is not just about one company—it’s a symptom of a broader industrial unraveling.

Europe’s energy crisis has further exposed its vulnerabilities. Energy-intensive industries, from chemicals to steel, are finding it nearly impossible to compete with China’s low-cost, coal-driven manufacturing juggernaut. China’s massive investments in renewable energy, combined with its continued reliance on cheaper coal-based power for manufacturing, give it a competitive edge. Europe, on the other hand, is caught in a double bind. Its commitment to green energy has driven up costs, but the infrastructure isn’t yet robust enough to deliver affordable, consistent power to its industries.

Take electrolyzer production, crucial for hydrogen energy. Europe’s companies are struggling to scale up, while Chinese firms are expanding rapidly, flooding the market with cheaper alternatives. This disparity is causing European manufacturers to lose contracts and, more importantly, their competitive edge.

China didn’t just stumble into this position—it’s been building towards it for decades. Let’s break down the strategy:

Cost Efficiency: China’s ability to manufacture at scale and at lower costs has always been a cornerstone of its success. But this goes beyond cheap labor. The government heavily subsidizes industries, ensuring companies can outprice competitors globally.

Technology Transfer: European companies were some of the first to enter China’s market, lured by its growing middle class. But in exchange for market access, many were required to share key technologies. Fast forward a few decades, and Chinese firms are now leading in sectors like EVs, leveraging the very technology Europe once controlled.

Aggressive Expansion: From green tech to automotive manufacturing, China is pouring billions into R&D and production. Its EV industry, for instance, has grown so rapidly that Chinese brands now dominate not just their home market but are making significant inroads in Europe. Belt and Road Initiative (BRI): Through this initiative, China has built an extensive network of trade and infrastructure, making it easier to export its goods globally. Europe, with its fragmented policies and bureaucracy, struggles to match this kind of cohesion and vision.

Nowhere is Europe’s struggle more evident than in the electric vehicle (EV) industry. While European carmakers like Volkswagen and BMW were slow to pivot to EVs, Chinese companies embraced the shift early. Brands like BYD and Nio now lead the global EV market, offering high-quality vehicles at competitive prices. In China, these companies enjoy massive state support, including subsidies for R&D, consumer incentives, and infrastructure development. Europe, in contrast, faces fragmented policies and inconsistent support for EV adoption. This disparity has led to a flood of Chinese-made EVs in the European market, undercutting local manufacturers.