中國的崛起與西方的消亡

中國與西方的消亡：“東南亞是世界經濟引擎”

https://newsrnd.com/news/2023-11-22-china-and-the-demise-of-the-west--%22southeast-asia-is-the-economic-engine-of-the-world% 22.SkfVIVl24p.html

作者：帕特裏克·弗雷瓦 2023 年 11 月 22 日

亮點：中國與西方的消亡：“東南亞是世界經濟引擎” 專家認為西方“處處衰落”，中國是大國。 沃爾夫拉姆·埃爾斯納表示，美國和中國之間的“氣氛改善”是可能的，“世界上許多戰爭販子”將處於守勢。 他說，華盛頓的聲明和行動之間的差距正在擴大。 美國對華“混合戰爭”進一步火上澆油。

一位中美專家認為西方在地緣政治上注定要失敗。 中國作為全球大國正在回歸“千年曆史傳統”。

北京/華盛頓 - 喬·拜登和習近平最近在亞太經合組織（APEC）峰會上會麵。 經濟學家沃爾夫拉姆·埃爾斯納 (Wolfram Elsner) 解釋了美國總統和中國總統的會晤對國際社會的意義。 這位著名的美國和中國問題專家在接受采訪時將中國的急劇崛起描述為回歸“千年曆史常態”。

這位曾在兩國都擔任過教授的人看到西方強國在經濟和政治上都在衰落。 與此同時，中國在國際上的地位已經倒退到了應有的重量級地位。 《柏林報》采訪埃爾斯納時援引埃爾斯納的話說，“東南亞成為世界上最具活力的中心和經濟引擎”的一個關鍵原因是東南亞自由貿易區（RCEP）的成功。

世界大國中國：“以美國為首的西方似乎錯過了一個學習點”

這位73歲的老人表示，我們正處於一個時代的終結：“400年前的歐洲-盎格魯-撒克遜殖民主義、帝國主義和自閉症自我中心主義很快就會被證明是曆史上的一個例外。” 埃爾斯納不能指責西方價值觀共同體的末日情景僅基於理論發現：此人是不萊梅大學的經濟學教授，也曾在美國和中國任教。 時間。 他還在密蘇裏大學（美國）和吉林長春（中國）擔任客座教授。

考慮到（也正因為）其地緣戰略，埃爾斯納認為美國的霸權力量注定要失敗：美國現在正在努力“改寫其敘事和戲劇”，他懷疑美國是否願意適應已經改變的世界局勢 。 通過這樣做，這位經濟學家加入了那些看到未來多極世界秩序的人的行列：

建立在“對國際法的對稱承認”的基礎上。

以及“對自由和平等世界貿易的經典原則的承認”。

他認為，這清楚地表明“西方世界正在走向衰落”。 他說，美國及其盟國在“經濟和外交上”都陷入了絕境，並且不存在“多極世界的模式”。 沃爾弗拉姆·埃爾斯納認為，在國際舞台上，美國的立場不再關注緩和局勢，而是更多地關注威脅姿態。 這位經濟學家引用了自由市場經濟中的一個例子：“一家失去市場份額的公司會與專家坐下來，做功課並修改其市場策略，而不是跑到競爭對手的總部四處射擊。然而，以美國為首的西方國家 ，好像錯過了這個學習點。”

美國和中國：包含經濟因素的“混合戰爭”

埃爾斯納顯然對拜登和習近平之間的最新會麵並沒有抱太大期望：美國和中國這兩個大國之間的“氣氛改善”是可能的，並且“世界上許多戰爭販子”將處於守勢。 但總體而言，華盛頓的聲明與行動之間的差距正在擴大。 一個例子是聯合國關於一個中國政策和台灣問題的第2758號決議的簽署，但另一方麵，美國對華的“混合戰爭”進一步火上澆油。 這將采取芯片戰爭的形式，並下令在中國撤資，並在中國周圍建立軍事基地。

中國和美國的大國旗幟：專家認為西方“到處衰落”（象征性圖像）。 © Wirestock/Imago

在亞太經合組織會議上，美國總統原本打算取消中國向美國出口芬太尼的禁令，以便將中國數以百萬計的毒品死亡歸咎於其經濟政策對手。 埃爾斯納稱這一舉動是出於國內政治的動機，因為即將舉行總統選舉。 人工智能作戰無人機等項目也被列入拜登和習近平會麵的議程上。

西方和中國：“作為迄今為止最大的貿易夥伴的仇恨對象”

沃爾夫拉姆·埃爾斯納在評論歐盟在中美衝突中的作用時對《柏林報》表示：“世界上幾乎沒有人在談論華盛頓的主要弟子歐盟。” 埃爾斯納認為，在政治上依賴美國的過程中，西方不再能夠“朝著可信的和平、談判與合作進行戰略大轉變”。 當然，這意味著，如果地緣政治領域的發展對當地工業以及私人家庭的財務實力產生巨大影響，像德國這樣的經濟國家的福祉就會分崩離析。

關於亞太經合組織協會

APEC成立於1989年，當時正值單極世界體係（以及蘇聯解體）的鼎盛時期，是美國的霸權計劃。 APEC集團由21個太平洋國家組成。 除了今年的主辦國美國之外，還包括中國、俄羅斯和日本，以及穆斯林占主導地位的馬來西亞和印度尼西亞。 大約40%的世界人口居住在APEC國家。 該集團的國內生產總值 (GDP) 合計約占全球的 60%。 該集團旨在通過減少貿易壁壘加強亞太地區成員國的經濟增長。

鑒於目前的情況，埃爾斯納認為西方國家有時對待其他地區的傲慢態度（“道德化”）是致命的：“一個相互依存（相互依存，編者注）的世界不能簡單地按照‘西方價值觀’來瓦解， 尤其是當仇恨的對象是迄今為止最大的貿易夥伴時。”

驚人的發展：中國如何使其經濟實現氣候中和。 （PF 材料來自 dpa）

China and the demise of the West: "Southeast Asia is the economic engine of the world"

https://newsrnd.com/news/2023-11-22-china-and-the-demise-of-the-west--%22southeast-asia-is-the-economic-engine-of-the-world%22.SkfVIVl24p.html

By Patrick Freiwah 11/22/2023

Highlights: China and the demise of the West: "Southeast Asia is the economic engine of the world" An expert sees the West "in decline everywhere" and China of the great powers. "Atmospheric improvements" are possible between USA and China and "numerous warmongers of this world" will be put on the defensive, says Wolfram Elsner. The gaps between declarations and actions in Washington are widening, he says. The "hybrid war" of the US against China is further fueled.

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A China and U.S. expert sees the West geopolitically doomed. China as a global power is a return to a "millennia-old historical tradition".

Beijing/Washington - Joe Biden and Xi Jinping recently met at the summit of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC). The significance of the meeting between the US president and his Chinese counterpart for the international community is explained by economist Wolfram Elsner. In an interview, the renowned US and China expert describes China's steep rise as a return to a "millennia-old historical normality".

The man, who worked as a professor in both countries, sees the Western powers on the decline - economically as well as politically. Meanwhile, China has regressed internationally to the heavyweight it deserves. A key reason why "Southeast Asia has become the most dynamic center and economic engine in the world" is the successful Southeast Asian Free Trade Area (RCEP), Elsner is quoted as saying in the interview in the Berliner Zeitung.

World power China: "US-led West seems to have missed a learning point"

According to the 73-year-old, we are at the end of an era: "400-year-old Euro-Anglo-Saxon colonialism, imperialism and autistic self-centeredness will soon prove to be an exceptional case in history." Elsner cannot be accused of the fact that the doomsday scenario of the Western community of values is based only on theoretical findings: The man is a professor of economics at the University of Bremen, and he has also taught in the USA and China from time to time. He also holds visiting professorships at the University of Missouri (USA) and Jilin, Changchun (China).

In view of (and also because of) its geostrategy, Elsner sees the hegemonic power USA as doomed: The United States is now struggling to "rewrite its narratives and dramaturgies" and he doubts that the country is willing to adapt to the changed world situation. In doing so, the economist joins the ranks of those who see a multipolar world order for the future:

• on the basis of a "symmetrical recognition of international law".
• as well as the "recognition of the classical principle of free and equal world trade".

According to him, this makes it clear "that the West is in decline everywhere." The U.S. and its allies have their backs to the wall "economically and diplomatically," he said, and there are no "models for a multipolar world." On the international stage, the U.S. stance is less focused on de-escalation and more on threatening gestures, Wolfram Elsner believes. The economist cites an example from the free market economy: "A company that loses market share sits down with its experts, does its homework and revises its market strategy instead of running to the competitor's headquarters and shooting around. The US-led West, however, seems to have missed this learning point."

U.S. and China: "Hybrid war" with economic components

Elsner apparently does not expect much from the latest meeting between Biden and Jinping: "Atmospheric improvements" are possible between the great powers USA and China and that "numerous warmongers of this world" will be put on the defensive. Overall, however, the gaps between declarations and actions in Washington are widening. One example is the signing of UN Resolution (2758) on the one-China policy and Taiwan, but on the other hand, the "hybrid war" of the US against China is further fueled. This would take the form of a chip war and ordered divestments in the Middle Kingdom, and military bases would be built around China.

Flags of the great powers China and the USA: An expert sees the West "in decline everywhere" (symbolic image). © Wirestock/Imago

At the APEC meeting, the U.S. president had intended to wrest a ban on the export of fentanyl to the U.S. from China in order to be able to pin the millions of drug deaths in the country on its economic policy rival. Elsner describes this manoeuvre as motivated by domestic politics, due to the upcoming presidential elections. AI combat drones and other items were also on the agenda at the meeting between Biden and Jinping.

The West and China: "Object of hatred as by far the largest trading partner"

Commenting on the role of the European Union in the conflict between the United States and China, Wolfram Elsner told the Berliner Zeitung: "Hardly anyone in the world is talking about Washington's main disciple, the EU." According to Elsner, in the course of political dependence on the United States, the West is no longer capable of a "strategic U-turn towards credible peace, negotiations and cooperation." Of course, this means that the well-being of an economic nation like Germany is coming apart at the seams if developments in the geopolitical arena have a massive impact on the financial strength of the local industry, but also of private households.

About the APEC Association

APEC was founded in 1989, at the height of the monopolar world system (and the end of the Soviet Union) as a hegemonic project of the United States. The APEC group is made up of 21 Pacific countries. In addition to this year's host USA, these include China, Russia and Japan, as well as the predominantly Muslim countries of Malaysia and Indonesia. About 40 percent of the world's population lives in the Apec countries. Together, the bloc generates around 60 percent of global gross domestic product (GDP). The Group aims to strengthen the economic growth of Member States in the Asia-Pacific region by reducing trade barriers.

In view of the current situation, Elsner considers the arrogance with which Western countries sometimes approach other regions ("moralization") to be fatal: "An interdependent (interdependent, editor's note) The world cannot simply be dismantled according to 'Western values', especially when the object of hatred is by far the largest trading partner."

Astonishing development: How China is making its economy climate-neutral. (PF with material from dpa)