風蕭蕭_Frank
以文會友
單一理念係統
伊格納西奧·拉莫內特
越陷越深。 在今天的民主國家中，越來越多的自由公民感到陷入困境，被一種粘性教條所束縛，這種教條正在暗中通過抑製、幹擾、癱瘓來吞噬任何相反的思維方式，並最終使其陷入癱瘓。通過將其擠壓關閉。 這一教條就是“單一思想體係”，這是一個看不見但無所不在的輿論警察所允許的唯一思想。
自從柏林牆倒塌、共產主義政權垮台、社會主義運動普遍喪失自信以來，這本新福音書的傲慢、厚顏無恥和傲慢已經達到了如此高度，以至於人們可以放心地將這種意識形態狂熱描述為：現代教條主義的名稱。
什麽是“一個想法”係統？ 它是將經濟力量（參與者？）的利益，特別是國際資本（代表）的利益，轉化為所謂的普遍意識形態前提。 事實上，“同一個理念”體係早在1944年的布雷頓森林會議上就已被定義和公布。它大多源於世界銀行、國際貨幣基金組織、OCDE、GATT、 歐盟委員會、法國銀行等。通過資助這些機構，它們能夠在全球範圍內招募眾多研究中心、大學和基金會。這些反過來又完善和傳播福音。
這種匿名言論隨後被經濟信息的主要提供者采用並轉載，其中最突出的是銀行家、股票經紀人和投資者最喜歡的報紙：《華爾街日報》、《金融時報》、《經濟學人》、《遠東評論》、《Les》、Echos、路透社等（不用說……）這些機構在很大程度上屬於大型工業或金融集團。 幾乎在所有地方，（大學的）經濟係、記者、散文家和政治家都將這些新的十誡定為自己的，並通過大眾媒體轉述令人作嘔的咒語。所有這些都表明，在我們這個完全媒介化社會的時代，重複意味著證據。
單一思想體係的主要前提更加強大，因為（顯然是心不在焉的）馬克思主義者不會與之相矛盾。 它指出經濟領域優先於政治領域。 正是基於這一前提，僅舉一個例子，法國（儲備）銀行等主要政治工具於 1994 年（獨立於政府）獨立出來，而且沒有引起明顯的反對。 正如他們所說，該銀行“一直被擱置在變幻莫測的政治中”。 法國央行首席執行官讓·克洛德·特裏謝 (Jean Claude Trichet) 表示：“法國央行是獨立的、非政治性的、跨黨派的，但我們確實要求（政府）減少預算赤字，並且我們確實追求 穩定的貨幣戰略”，就好像這些目標不是政治目標一樣！……正是以（同樣的）“現實主義”和“實用主義”的名義，阿蘭·明克先生得出了以下聲明：“資本主義不會崩潰 ，因為資本主義是社會的自然狀態。民主不是社會的自然狀態。市場才是。”，並繼續讓經濟“掌舵”。 當然，我們在這裏談論的是一個已經從社會領域的尷尬中“解放”出來的經濟，這種可怕而可悲的束縛被指責為我們衰退和經濟危機的根源。
單一理念體係的其他關鍵特征是眾所周知的：市場，這位“看不見的手糾正資本主義的粗暴和功能障礙”的神，最重要的是金融市場，它的“信號指導和決定了資本主義的總體趨勢”。 經濟”；競爭和競爭力，“通過引導企業進入永久和有益的現代化過程來刺激和激發企業活力”； 無國界自由貿易，“商業交流不斷增加的源泉，從而也是社會發展的源泉”：工業生產和金融流動的全球化； 國際勞動分工，“控製工會的要求並降低勞動力成本”；強勢貨幣，“一個（重要的）穩定因素”；放鬆管製；私有化；“越來越少的國家”，一種永久的仲裁，有利於來自資本的收入高於來自工作的收入。並且完全無視所有生態後果。
幾乎所有政客，無論屬於左派還是右派，都在所有媒體上不斷重申這一新的教義問答，這賦予了它如此令人恐懼的力量，以至於扼殺了任何自由思考它的嚐試，並使之幾乎不可能實現。任何反對這種新蒙昧主義的行為。
人們幾乎會想到，1740萬歐洲人失業、內城區的崩潰、普遍存在的不安全感和邊緣化情緒、普遍的腐敗、城市外圍高層貧民窟的騷亂、環境大屠殺、宗教、政治和種族主義極端主義，以及被排斥者的崛起，都隻是幻覺，不，是犯罪幻覺，它們嚴重破壞了對所有可能世界中最奇妙的世界的想象，而這個世界是由一個理念為我們和我們麻醉的良心建造的係統。
最初發表於《外交世界》，1995 年 1 月。
阿姆斯特丹大學帕特裏斯·裏門斯 (Patrice Riemens) 譯。
The One Idea System
Since the fall of the Berlin Wall, the collapse of the communist regimes, and the socialist movement's generalised loss of self-confidence, the arrogance, impudence and haughtiness of this new Gospel have reached such heights that one can safely characterise this ideological frenzy by the name of modern dogmatism.
What is the One Idea system? It is the translation into allegedly universal ideological premises of the interests of an assemblage of economic forces (actors?), especially those (represented by) international capital. As a matter of fact, the One Idea System had already been defined and announced at Bretton Woods in 1944. It mostly originates from the big monetary and economic institutions such as the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund, the OCDE, the GATT, the European Commission, the Bank of France, etc. By way of funding these institutions (are able to) enrol numerous research centres, universities, and foundations across the globe. These, in turn, refine and disseminate the Gospel.
This anonymous discourse is then picked up and reproduced by the main providers of economic information, most prominently by the bankers', stockbrokers' and investors' favourite papers: The Wall Street Journal, The Financial Times, The Economist, The Far Eastern Review, Les Echos, Reuters, etc. (Needless to say that...) For a large part, these organs are owned by big industrial or financial groups. And almost everywhere, economics departments (of universities), journalists, essayists and also politicians make these new ten commandments their own, and incant them ad nauseam, relayed by the mass media. All in the knowledge that in our age of thoroughly mediatised societies, repetition means proof.
The leading premise of the One Idea System is all the more powerful since (avowedly absent-minded) Marxists would not contradict it. It states that the economic sphere takes precedence over the political one. It is on the basis of this very premise that, to take but one example, a major political instrument such as the (Reserve) Bank of France was made independent (of the government) in 1994, and this without noticeable opposition. The Banque has been, as they say, "shelved from the vagaries of politics". "The Bank of France is independent, non-political, and cuts across the parties" states its CEO, Jean Claude Trichet, only to add: "We do however ask (the government) to reduce the budget deficit (and) we do pursue a stable currency strategy" As if these objectives were anything but political objectives!... It is in the name of (this same) "realism" and "pragmatism" that Mr Alain Minc comes to the following statement: "Capitalism will not collapse, because capitalism is the natural state of society. Democracy is not the natural state of society. The market is.", and proceeds to put the economy "at the helm". And of course we're talking here of an economy that has been "freed" from the embarrassment of the social sphere, that horrible and pathetic straightjacket which stands accused of being the root cause of our recessions and economic crises.
Other key features of the One Idea System are well known: The market, that deity whose "invisible hand corrects the asperities and dysfunctions of capitalism", and then most of all, the financial markets, whose "signals guide and determine the general trends of the economy"; competition and competitivity, who "stimulate and dynamise enterprises, by inducing them in a process of permanent and beneficial modernisation"; borderless free trade, "source of an unending increase of commercial exchanges, and thus of the development of society": globalization, both of industrial production and of financial flows; international division of labour, which "keep the union's demands in check and lowers the costs of labour"; strong currency, "an (important) stabilising factor"; deregulation; privatisation; liberalisation, etc. "Less and less State", a permanent arbitration in favour of incomes deriving from capital above those deriving from work. And an absolute disregard for all ecological consequences.
The constant reiteration of this new catechism in all the media by almost all politicians, whether they belong to the left or to the right, endows it with such an intimidating power that it stifles any attempt to think freely about it, and renders next to impossible any opposition against this new obscurantism.
One would almost come to think that the 17.4 million jobless Europeans, the collapse of the inner cities, the widespread sentiment of insecurity and marginalization, the generalised corruption, the riots in the highrise ghettos of the urban peripheries, the environmental carnage, the return of religious, political and racist extremism, and the rising tide of the excluded are mere phantasms, nay, are criminal hallucinations which culpably disrupts the envisioning of that most marvellous of all possible worlds which is being built for us and our anaesthetised consciences by the One Idea System.
Originally published in Le Monde Diplomatique, January 1995.
Translated by Patrice Riemens, University of Amsterdam.
