Anxiety Disorder III: 焦慮症(三 ) : 社交恐懼症Social Phobia

社交恐懼症Social Phobia (Social Anxiety Disorder又名社交焦慮症)

A. A marked and persistent fear of one or more social or performance situations in which the person is exposed to unfamiliar people or to possible scrutiny by others. The individual fears that he or she will act in a way (or show anxiety symptoms) that will be humiliating or embarrassing. Note: In children, there must be evidence of the capacity for age-appropriate social relationships with familiar people and the anxiety must occur in peer settings, not just in interactions with adults.
顯著持續的害怕一種或多種社交或公共場合,在這些場合患者會要與不熟悉的人的交往,或可能被別人仔細觀察.患者害怕自己的行為(或者表現出的焦慮)會導致羞辱或難堪.注意:對兒童來說,要有證據表明該患者已經有與其年齡相應的,與熟悉的人相處的能力,而且他們的焦慮既會發生在與成人相處時,也發生在與自己同年齡段人相處的時候.

B. Exposure to the feared social situation almost invariably provokes anxiety, which may take the form of a situationally bound or situationally predisposed Panic Attack. Note:  In children, the anxiety may be expressed by crying, tantums, freezing, or shrinking from social situations with unfamiliar people.
每當暴露於令其害怕的社交場合總是會無可避免地導致患者產生焦慮,出現場景性或傾向於場景性恐慌發作. 注意:對兒童來說,焦慮可表現為哭鬧,突然發怒,驚呆,緊貼大人,或者躲避與不熟悉人相處的社交環境.

C. The person recognizes that the fear is excessive or unreasonable; Note: In children, this feature may be absent.
患者明白自己的害怕是超乎尋常的或不合理的.(注意:對孩子來說,這點不存在).

D. The feared social or performance situations are avoided or else are endured with intense anxiety or distress.
患者會回避這些引起恐懼的場合,如不能避免會不得不忍受很強的焦慮或痛苦

E. The avoidance, anxious anticipation, or distress in the feared social or performance situations(s) interferes significantly with the person’s normal routine, occupational (academic) functioning, or social activities or relationships, or there is marked distress about having the phobia.
因為害怕社交的場合或行為,患者所有的這些回避,對焦慮的預期,或者所忍受的害怕顯著地幹擾了患者正常的生活,工作,社交,交友,也顯著地為有這種恐懼症而痛苦

F. In individuals under age 18 years, the duration is at least 6 months.
對小於18歲的人來說,持續時間至少6個月.

G. The fear or avoidance is not due to the direct physiological effects of a substance (e.g., a drug of abuse, a medication) or a general medical condition and is not better accounted for by another mental disorder (e.g., Panic Disorder With or Without Agoraphobia, Separation Anxiety Disorder, Body Dysmorphic Disorder, a Pervasive Developmental Disorder, or Schizoid Personality Disorder).
恐懼回避等行為不是由於藥物的直接作用,也不是某種身體上的疾病或某種其他的精神疾病引起(如:恐慌症合並廣場恐懼症,或者廣場恐懼症沒有恐慌症,分離焦慮症,異形障礙,全身性發育障礙,精神分裂樣人格障礙).

H. If a general medical condition or another mental disorder is present, the fear in Criterion A is unrelated to it, e.g., the fear is not of Stuttering, trembling in Parkinson’s disease, or exhibiting abnormal eating behavior in Anorexia Nervosa or Bulimia Nervosa.
如果患者另有某種全身性疾病,或某種精神疾病,對社交場合的恐懼與這些疾病的症狀不同,如:不是巴金森氏病的口吃,顫抖,也不是厭食症的異常飲食行為.