Bipolar Disorder 雙向情感障礙(三):Bipolar II Disorder (II型雙向情感障礙)

Bipolar Disorder 雙向情感障礙(三)

Bipolar II Disorder (二型雙向情感障礙):

又稱: (Recurrent Major Depressive Episodes With Hypomanic Episodes嚴重憂鬱反複發作伴亞躁狂發作)

A. Presence (or history ) of one or more Major Depressive Episodes.現在或曾有一次到多次的嚴重憂鬱發作

B. Presence (or history) of at least one Hypomanic Episode.
現在或曾有至少一次的亞躁狂發作

C. There has never been a Manic Episode or a Mixed Episode.
從沒有躁狂發作或混合發作

D. The mood symptoms in Criteria A and B are not better accounted for by by Schizoaffective Disorder and are not superimposed on Schizophrenia, Schizophreniform Disorder, Delusional Disorder, or Psychotic Disorder Not Otherwise Specified.
以上的情感障礙發作不是因情感分裂型障礙引起,也不是疊加的精神分裂症,精神分裂性質的障礙,妄想性障礙或一些其它的精神疾病的症狀.

E. The symptoms cause clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning.
患者的症狀已經嚴重影響到工作,學習和生活.

注意:II型情感障礙不容易與嚴重憂鬱症區別,二者的治療是不同的.病史很重要.


Cyclothymic Disorder循環性情感障礙

A. For at least 2 years, the presence of numerous periods with hypomanic symptoms and numerous periods with depressive symptoms that do not meet criteria for a Major Depressive Episode. Note: In children and adolescents, the duration must be at least 1 year.
至少有兩年時間,患者出現多次亞躁狂症狀期和多次憂鬱症狀期,而憂鬱的程度達不到嚴重憂鬱症的診斷.注意:對兒童和少年,至少是一年的時間.

B. During the above 2-year period (1 year in children and adolescents), the person has not been without the symptoms in Criterion A for more than 2 months at a time.
在這兩年期間(兒童和少年是一年),患者每次出現以上症狀至少持續兩個月.

C. No Major Depressive Episode, Manic Episode, or Mixed Episode has been present during the first 2 years of the disturbance.
在發病的最初兩年內,患者沒有出現嚴重憂鬱,躁狂,或混合發作.

Note: After the initial 2 years (1 year in children and adolescents) of Cyclothymic Disorder, there may be superimposed Manic or Mixed Episodes (in which case both Bipolar I Disorder and Cyclothymic Disorder may be diagnosed) or Major Depressive Episodes (in which case both Bipolar II Disorder and Cyclothymic Disorder my be diagnosed).
注意:在發病兩年後(兒童和少年一年後),有可能疊加出現躁狂或混合發作(這種情況可以診斷為I型雙向情感障礙合並循環情感障礙),或者出現嚴重有餘發作(這種情況可以診斷為II型雙向情感障礙合並循環情感障礙).

D. The symptoms in  Criteria A and B are not better accounted for by Schizoaffective Disorder and are not superimposed on Schizophrenia, Schizophreniform Disorder, Delusional Disorder, or Psychotic Disorder Not Otherwise Specified.
以上的情感障礙發作不是因情感分裂型障礙引起,也不是疊加的精神分裂症,精神分裂性質的障礙,妄想性障礙或一些其它的精神疾病的症狀.

E. The symptoms are not due to the direct physiological effects of a substance (e.g., a drug of abuse, a medication) or a general medical condition (e.g., hyperthyroidism).
患者的症狀不是由於毒品,藥物引起,也不是有軀體的某種疾病(如甲亢)引起.

F. The symptoms cause clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning.
患者的症狀已經嚴重影響到工作,學習和生活.

注意:循環性情感障礙往往會發展成雙向情感障礙