心境惡劣障礙Dysthymic Disorder

情感障礙Mood Disorder (五): 心境惡劣障礙Dysthymic Disorder

A. Depressed mood for most of the day, for more days than not, as indicated either by subjective account or observation by others, for at least 2 years. Note: in children and adolescents, mood can be irritable and duration must be at least 1 year.
整日裏大部分時間處於抑鬱的情緒狀態,而且有這種情緒的日子多於沒有的日子,可以是主觀的認為,也可以是別人的觀察,至少持續兩年. 注:對兒童和少年,情緒可以是不安,時間至少持續一年.

B. Presence, while depressed, of two (or more) of the following；
除外見抑鬱,還有以下兩項或多項症狀

(1) poor appetite or overeating食欲不振或過食

(2) insomnia or hypersomnia失眠或嗜睡

(3) low energy or fatigue無力或疲乏

(4) low self-esteem自卑

(5) poor concentration or difficulty making decisions注意力不集中或猶豫不決

(6) feeling of hopelessness無望的感覺

C. During the 2-year period (1 year for children or adolescents) of the disturbance, the person has never been without the symptoms in Criteria A and B for more than 2 months at a time.
在兩年期間(兒童或少年為一年)患者從未有超過兩個月的時間不出現上述A和B中的症狀.

D. No Major Depressive Episode has been present during the first 2 years of the disturbance (1 year for children and adolescents); I.e., the disturbance is not better accounted for by chronic Major Depressive Disorder, or Major Depressive Disorder, In Partial Remission.
在發病的頭兩年(兒童或少年為一年),患者從沒有出現嚴重憂鬱症的發作.要與慢性嚴重憂鬱症,嚴重憂鬱症的部分恢複進行區別.

Note: There may have been a previous major depressive episode provided there was a full remission (no significant signs or symptoms for 2 months) before development of the Dysthymic Disorder. In addition, after the initial 2 years (1 year in children or adolescents) of Dysthymic disorder, there may be superimposed episodes of major depressive disorder, in which case both diagnoses may be given when the criteria are met for a major depressive episode.
注:患者可能曾經有過嚴重憂鬱症的發作,但是必須已經完全恢複了(至少有兩個月沒有出現憂鬱症狀),然後才出現心境惡劣障礙.另外,在發生心境惡劣障礙的兩年(兒童或少年是一年)後,也有可能出現嚴重憂鬱症的疊加,在這樣的情況下,可以給兩個診斷.

E. There has never been a Manic Episode, a mixed episode, or a hypomanic episode, and criteria have never been met for cyclothymiacs disorder.
從未出現躁狂,混合發作,或亞躁狂發作,也不能被診斷為循環性情緒障礙

F. The disturbance does not occur exclusively during the course of a chronic psychotic disorder, such as schizophrenia or delusional disorder.
以上症狀不是僅僅出現在慢性精神錯亂性精神疾病的發作期,如精神分裂症,妄想症的發作期.

G. The symptoms are not due to the direct physiological effects of a substance (e.g., a drug of abuse, a medication) or a general medical condition (e.g, hypothyroidism).
以上症狀不是由藥物或毒品引起,也不是由全身性疾病引起(如:甲狀腺功能低下).