情感障礙Mood Disorder(二): 躁狂發作Manic Episode

躁狂發作Manic Episode和混合發作Mixed Episode

躁狂發作Manic Episode

A. A distinct period of abnormally and persistently elevated, expansive, or irritable mood, lasting at least 1 week (or any duration if hospitalization is necessary).
顯著的不正常的持續的情緒高昂,情緒擴張或不安,至少持續一周(或者短於一周,卻到了需要住院的發作程度)

B. During the period of mood disturbance, three (or more) of the following symptoms have persisted (four if the mood is only irritable) and have been present to a significant degree:
在情緒不正常期間,可見以下三項或更多項症狀的持續出現(如果知識情緒不安,至少要有四項出現)並達到一定的程度:

(1) inflated self-esteem or grandiosity自我感覺膨脹性良好

(2) decreased need for sleep (e.g., feels rested after only 3 hours of sleep)對睡眠的需求減少,比如三個小時睡眠就夠了

(3) more talkative than usual or pressure to keep talking比平時多話,有要不停說話的緊迫感

(4) flight of ideas or subjective experience that thoughts are racing主意奔湧而出,思維奔騰

(5) distractibility (I.e., attention too easily drawn to unimportant or irrelevant external stimuli)
關注力極其容易轉移(如,注意力容易被外界的或無關的事情吸引)

(6) increase in goal-directed activity (either socially, at work or school, or sexually) or psychomotor agitation目標性強的活動增加(無論是社交,工作或學習,性活動),及精神運動的煩躁不安.

(7) excessive involvement in pleasurable activities that have a high potential for painful consequences (e.g., engaging in unrestrained buying sprees, sexual indiscretions, or foolish business investments)
過分陷入一些高風險的娛樂活動(如無節製購物,輕率的性活動,或愚蠢的商業投資)

C. The symptoms do not meet criteria for a Mixed Episode 以上症狀不符合混合發作診斷

D. The mood disturbance is sufficiently severe to cause marked impairment in occupational functioning or in usual social activities or relationships with others, or to necessitate hospitalization to prevent harm to self or others, or there are psychotic features.
以上情感上的變化的嚴重程度足以引起社交,工作上的障礙,或者到了必須住院一避免造成對人對己的傷害,或者有精神錯亂.

E. The symptoms are not due to the direct physiological effects of a substance (e.g., a drug of abuse, a medication, or other treatment) or a general condition (e.g., hyperthyroidism)
以上症狀不是由於毒品或其他疾病引起(如甲狀腺技能亢進)

Note: Manic-like episodes that are clearly caused by somatic antidepressant treatment (e.g., medication, electroconvulsive therapy, light therapy) should not count toward a diagnosis of Bipolar I Disorder.
注意:診斷要排除因某些治療憂鬱症的方法(藥物,電擊治療,光照治療)造成的症狀.


混合發作Mixed Episode

A. The criteria are met both for a Manic Episode and for a Major Depressive Episode (except for duration) nearly every day during at least a 1-week period.
症狀既表現躁狂發作又出現嚴重憂鬱發作的症狀(除去發作的長短)幾乎每天發作至少一周.

B. The mood disturbance is sufficiently severe to cause marked impairment in occupational functioning or in usual social activities or relationships with others, or to necessitate hospitalization to prevent harm to self or others, or there are psychotic features.
情感上的變化的嚴重程度足以引起社交,工作上的障礙,或者到了必須住院一避免造成對人對己的傷害,或者有精神錯亂.

C. The symptoms are not due to the direct physiological effects of a substance (e.g., a drug of abuse, a 症狀不是由於毒品或其他疾病引起.

Note: Mixed-like episodes that are clearly caused by somatic antidepressant treatment (e.g., medication, electroconvulsive therapy, light therapy) should not count toward a diagnosis of Bipolar I Disorder.
注意:診斷要排除因某些治療憂鬱症的方法(藥物,電擊治療,光照治療)造成的症狀.