可卡因造成的疾病Cocaine-Related Disorders

可卡因造成的疾病Cocaine-Related Disorders

     可卡因使用造成的的疾病Cocaine Use Disorders

            可卡因成癮Cocaine Dependence

            可卡因濫用Cocaine Abuse

     可卡因引起的疾病Cocaine-Induced Disorders

           可卡因急性中毒Cocaine Intoxication

           可卡因戒斷Cocaine Withdrawal

           急性中毒性神智不清Cocaine Intoxication Delirium

           精神錯亂並伴有錯覺Cocaine-Induced Psychotic Disorder, with Delusions

          精神錯亂並伴有幻覺Cocaine-Induced Psychotic Disorder, with Hallucinations

          情緒失調Cocaine-Induced Mood Disorder

         焦慮Cocaine-Induced Anxiety Disorder

          性功能障礙 Cocaine-Induced Sexual Dysfunction

          睡眠障礙Cocaine-Induced Sleep Disorder

         一些其它由可卡因引起的不典型疾病Cocaine-Related Disorder not Otherwise Specified

可卡因急性中毒Cocaine Intoxication

    A. Recent use of cocaine.近期用過可卡因

     B. Clinically significant maladaptive behavioural or psychological changes (e.g., euphoria or affective blunting; changes in sociability; hyper vigilance; interpersonal sensitivity; anxiety, tension, or anger; stereotyped behaviours; impaired judgment; or impaired social or occupational functioning) that developed during, or shortly after, use of cocaine.
在使用時或使用後短期內,見顯著的精神和行為障礙(如: 情緒極度高亢或者感情麻木; 社交行為改變;過於警覺;人際交往過於敏感;焦慮,緊張或憤怒;刻板動作;判斷能力確失;社會或職業能力障礙).

    C. Two or  (more) of the following, developing during, or shortly after, cocaine use:
在使用或使用後短期內出現以下兩項或更多的變化

    (1) tachycardia or bradycardia心率不齊,過速或過緩

    (2) papillary dilation乳突狀結構的散大

    (3) elevated or lowered blood pressure血壓或降或升

    (4) perspiration or chills冷汗

    (5) nausea or vomiting惡心或嘔吐

   (6) evidence of weight loss明顯變瘦

   (7) psychomotor agitation or retardation精神運動的不安或遲緩

   (8) muscular weakness, respiratory depression, chest pain, or cardiac arrhythmias
肌肉無力,呼吸抑製,胸痛,或心律不齊

   (9) confusion, seizures, dyskinesias, dystonias, or coma
思維混亂,顛癇發作,肌肉陣發性驚攣或張力下降,甚至昏迷

    D. The symptoms are not due to a general medical condition and are not better accounted for by another mental disorder.
以上症狀不是全身性疾病造成,也不符合其他的精神疾病診斷

Cocaine Withdrawal可卡因的戒斷症狀

   A. Cessation of (or reduction in) cocaine use that has been heavy and prolonged.
在長期大量使用可卡因後停止或減量使用範圍

   B. Dysphoric mood and two (or more) of the following physiological changes, developing within a few hours to several days after criterion A:
情緒不安並伴有以下兩項或多軀體症狀

    (1) fatigue疲乏

    (2) vivid, unpleasant dreams生動的不愉快的夢境

    (3) insomnia or hypersonic失眠或嗜睡

    (4) increased appetite食欲增加
 
    (5) psychomotor retardation or agitation精神運動的遲緩或不安

    C. The symptoms in criterion B cause clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning.

   B項中的症狀導致了社會活動,職業上或其他重要領域的障礙

   D. The symptoms are not due to a general medical condition and are not better accounted for by another mental disorder.
以上所有症狀不是由全身性疾病引起,也不符合其他精神疾病的診斷標準.