酒精中毒與酒精戒斷Alcohol intoxication and Alcohol Withdrawal

酒精中毒Alcohol intoxication

A. Recent ingestion of alcohol.
近期有飲酒
B. Clinically significant maladaptive behavioural or psychological changes (e.g., inappropriate sexual or aggressive behavior, mood lability, impaired judgment, impaired social or occupational functioning) that developed during, or shortly after, alcohol ingestion.
臨床表現為顯著的行為和精神失常(比如:不合適的性或攻擊行為,情緒不穩,判斷能力失常,社交或工作能力失常),這些現象發生發展在飲酒或飲酒後的短時間內.

C. One (or more) of the following signs, developing during, or shortly after, alcohol use:
以下一項或多項發生在飲酒時,或飲酒後的短期內.
(1)slurred speech
言詞不清
(2) incoordiantion
動作失調
(3)unsteady gait
步態不穩
(4) nystagmus
眼球震顫
(5) impairment in attention or memory
注意力或記憶力失常
(6) stupor or coma
昏迷,不醒人事

D. The symptoms are not due to a general medical condition and are not better accounted for by another mental disorder.
以上症狀不是由其他全身性疾病引起,也不符合其他精神疾病的診斷


酒精戒斷Alcohol withdrawal

A. Cessation of (or reduction in) alcohol use that has been heavy and prolonged.
長期大量地飲酒後停止使用或減量

B. Two (or more) of the following, developing with several hours to a few days after Criterion A:
以上兩種或以上現象發生在停止或減量使用酒精的幾小時或數天內:

(1) autonomic hyperactivity (e.g., seating or pulse rate greater than 100)
自主神經活動高亢(如心律超過100次/分鍾)
(2）increased hand tremor
漸多的手部顫動
(3）insomnia
失眠
(4) nausea or vomiting
惡心,嘔吐
(5) transient visual, tactile, or auditory hallucinations or illusions
短暫的幻聽,幻視,幻觸,或錯覺
(6) psychomotor agitation
精神與運動係統的煩躁不安
(7) anxiety
焦慮
(8) grand mal seizures
顛癇發作/抽風

C. The symptoms in Criterion B cause clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning.
以上症狀導致顯著的身體不正常,引起社交,工作或其他功能的失常

D. The symptoms are not due to a general medical condition and are not better accounted for by another mental disorder.
以上症狀不是由其他全身性疾病引起,也不符合其他精神疾病的診斷

注意:如果需要戒酒,一定要有專業人士的指導,戒酒過程會有危險.