Elimination Disorders排泄障礙

Encopresis
大便失禁
A. Repeated passage of feces into inappropriate places (e.g., clothing or floor) whether involuntary or intentional.
反複有意無意地將大便排泄在不應該的地方(如衣服或地上)
B. At least one such event a month for at least 3 months.
至少每月發生一次,連續三個月
C. Chronological age is at least 4 years (or equivalent developmental level).
至少有四歲的年紀或相當於四歲
D. The behavior is not due exclusively to the direct physiological effects of a substance (e.g., laxatives) or a general medical condition except through a mechanism involving constipation.
這種行為不是由於使用某些藥物(如瀉藥)或一些全身性疾病

Enuresis (not due to a general medical condition)
遺尿(不是因為其他疾病引起)
A. Repeated voiding of urine into bed or clothes (whether involuntary or intentional).
反複有意或無意地尿床或褲子
B. The behavior is clinically significant as manifested by either a frequency of twice a week for at least 3 consecutive months or the presence of clinically significant distress or impairment in social, academic (occupational), or other important areas of functioning.
這種行為達到以下臨床診斷程度,即每周兩次持續三個月,或因遺尿引起了學習,工作,社會交往,或其他重要功能的困難.
C. Chronological age is at least 5 years (or equivalent developmental level).
至少已經五歲或相當於五歲的發育程度
The behavior is not due exclusively to the direct physiological effect of a substance (e.g., a diuretic) or a general medical condition (e.g., diabetes, spina bifida, a seizure disorder).
這種行為不是由於使用某些藥物(如利尿劑)或某種疾病引起(如糖尿病,脊柱裂,或顛癇發作)