Phonological disorder (語音障礙)

A. Failure to use developmentally expected speech sounds that are appropriate for age and dialect.
患者不能使用與其年紀對應的正確的語音表達方式會發錯音,用錯音,混淆不同詞的發音.

B. The difficulties in speech sound production interfere with academic or occupational achievement or with social communication.
因為語音障礙使得患者無法取得正常的學業成就,也不能進行正常的社交交流.

C. If mental retardation, a speech-motor or sensory deficit, or environmental deprrivation is present, the speech difficulties are in excess of those usually associated with these problems.
如果患者還伴有智力發育遲緩,語言運動或感覺神經障礙,或者因為環境的剝奪,那麽在診斷時就要確定患者的語音障礙超出了前麵這些因素所造成的影響.