精神發育遲緩(Mental Retardation)

第一部分:在嬰兒,兒童及少年時期診斷的精神病(Disorders usually first diagnosed in infancy, childhood, or adolescence)

精神發育遲緩(Mental Retardation)

A: 顯著的低於平均智力能力: 經測試,IQ約或低於70

Significantly subaverage intellectual functioning: an IQ of approximately 70 or below on an individually administered IQ test (for infants, a clinical judgment of significantly subaverage intellectual functioning).
B: 並且,現階段的適應能力缺陷或缺損在至少以下兩個方麵:與人交流,自理,社交,運用公共資源,自我定位,知識學習,工作,享受,維護健康和安全(指不能達到同一年齡,同一文化背景應該達到的標準).
Concurrent deficits or impairments in present adaptive functioning (i.e., the person's effectiveness in meeting the standards expected for his or her age by his or her cultural group) in at least two of the following areas: communication, selfcare, homeliving, social/interpersonal skills, use of community resources, self-direction, functional academic skills, work leisure, health, and safety.
C. 發病年齡在18歲以前.
The onset is before age 18 years.

程度:IQ在50-55 到接近70 為輕度;
Mild mental Retardation;

IQ 在35-40 到 50-55之間,為中度;
Moderate Mental Retardation;
       
IQ 在百忙之中0-25 到35-40之間,為重度;
Severe Mental Retardation.

IQ低於20或25 為深度.
Profound Mental Retardation.