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《宋氏快譯》英漢對照（27）：心髒病害死更多45歲以下女性
Heart disease kills more women under 45
By MIKE STOBBE, AP Medical Writer
1 hour, 12 minutes ago
心髒病害死更多45歲以下女性
ATLANTA — For decades, heart disease death rates have been falling. But a new study shows a troubling turn — more women under 45 are dying of heart disease due to clogged arteries, and the death rate for men that age has leveled off.
亞特蘭大-
數十年來，心髒病死亡率一直在下降。不過，一項新的研究顯示出一種令人不安的轉折 - 更多的45歲以下婦女死於動脈阻塞導致的心髒病，而同年齡段的男性，死亡率已經與之扯平。
Heart experts aren't sure what went wrong, but they think increasing rates of obesity and other risk factors are to blame.
心髒病專家不知道什麽地方出了錯，但他們認為，日益增加的肥胖率及其它風險因素則當難卸其責。
The rates will have to be monitored to see if this is the beginning of a real trend. But if the data holds, the new study may be an early glimpse of the impact of escalating obesity and diabetes on U.S. deaths, said Wayne Rosamond, a University of North Carolina epidemiology professor and expert on heart disease statistics.
這種比例將不得不加以監測，以便觀察其是否是一個真正趨勢的開端。但如果數據有效，這項新的研究也許就是對日益增多的肥胖及糖尿病對美國死亡率影響的一瞥，北卡羅萊納大學一位流行病學教授和心髒病統計專家韋恩。羅薩蒙德說。
注釋：
the new study may be an early glimpse of the impact of escalating obesity and diabetes on U.S. deaths，這項新的研究也許就是對日益增多的肥胖及糖尿病對美國死亡率影響的一瞥，這樣直譯讀起來有點羅嗦。不如改變一下句式，翻譯成：如果數據有效，我們就可以從這項新的研究中瞥視到日益增多的肥胖病及糖尿病對美國死亡率的影響。
To be sure, the overall trend is still positive: From 1980 through 2002, the death rate from blocked heart arteries was cut in half for men and women over 35. Improvements in treatment and preventive measures, including cholesterol-lowering medications, get the credit.
可以肯定，總體趨勢仍然是樂觀的：從1980年至2002年間，心髒動脈血管堵塞導致的死亡率，35歲以上男和女平分秋色。改善治療及預防措施，其中包括降低膽固醇的藥物，都是功不可沒。
But what's going on with younger adults is startling, said Dr. Anthony DeMaria, editor of the Journal of the American College of Cardiology, which is publishing the study and released it Monday.
但較年輕的成年人，情況則令人吃驚，安東尼。迪馬裏亞博士表示。此人乃美國心髒病學院雜誌的編輯，該學院周一出版發行了這一研究報告。
"We have a pretty rosy view of how things are going in the war against cardiovascular disease," DeMaria said. "I view this paper as a wake-up call that says there is a very important segment of our population that needs some attention."
“我們對心血管病攻堅戰的戰況持有一種非常樂觀的看法，”迪馬裏亞說。“我把這一文件視為暮鼓晨鍾，警示人們說，在我們的人口中，有相當重要的一部分需要某種程度的關注。”
注釋：
wake-up call，叫醒。而晨鍾暮鼓，早晨敲鍾，晚上擊鼓，都是報時。
Heart disease is the leading cause of death in the United States, killing almost 700,000 Americans each year.
心髒病在美國是導致死亡的主要原因，每年導致幾乎70萬美國人喪生。
Nearly 500,000 of those deaths are attributed to coronary heart disease, in which fat and plaque clog the arteries feeding blood to the heart, sometimes called hardening of the arteries. Heart attacks are a common result.
這些死者中近50萬人死於冠心病，病因脂肪和斑塊阻礙動脈向心髒供血，有時被稱為動脈硬化。心髒病發作就是這些情況導致的一種很常見的結果。
It can take many years for arteries to get dangerously blocked. About 93 percent of deaths occur in people 55 and older.
動脈阻塞發展到危險的程度要花許多年 。約93 ％的死亡都發生在55歲及55歲以上的人群中。
But a combination of factors — including genetics, obesity and high cholesterol — are sometimes fatal for younger adults. In 2002, about 25,000 men and 8,000 women ages 35 to 54 died of coronary heart disease.
多種因素的結合 - 包括遺傳、肥胖、高膽固醇 - 有時對年輕的成年人是致命的。在2002年，在35歲至54歲的年齡段中，約有25，000名男子和8000名婦女死於冠心病。
The study was done by researchers at the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Control and Prevention and Britain's University of Liverpool. They looked at U.S. vital statistics for artery-related deaths in adults ages 35 and older for the years 1980 through 2002, the most recent year for which data was available when the analysis was done.
這項研究是由美國疾病防控中心及英國的利物浦大學的研究人員進行的。他們研究了美國從1980年至2002年，35歲或35歲以上成年人與動脈相關死亡的重要統計數據，以及最近一年在進行分析時會出現什麽數據。
When they compared age groups, they detected the worrisome difference. The study found the death rate for women ages 35 to 44 rose from 1997 to 2002, when the rate was 8.2 per 100,000 women, the highest it's been since 1987.
在對年齡組進行比較時，他們就發現了令人擔憂的差異。研究發現，35歲至44歲女人的死亡率，從1997年至2000年期間是呈上升趨勢的，如果10萬名女人的死亡率為8.2%，這就達到了自1987年以來的最高水平。
In actual numbers, the increase amounts to roughly 100 added deaths a year of women in that age group. That's a relatively small impact in the entire U.S. population.
在實際人口數量中，那個年齡組中的女人每年要增加大約100名死者。對於美國的全部人口來說，其影響較小。
Still, the results are statistically significant and a legitimate cause for concern, said Dr. Wayne Giles, director of the CDC's division of adult and community health.
再者，其結果從統計學角度看是重要的，而且也是一個值得關注的合理原因，韋恩賈爾斯主任醫生說。他是疾病控製中心（CDC：Centers For Diseases Control）成人和社區保健部經理。
"That's like an MD-88 crashing every year," he said, referring to a medium-size commuter jet plane.
“這就是像麥道88飛機每年的失事機率一樣（小）， ”他所指的是一種中型通勤噴氣機。
The rates for men age 35 to 44 were relatively stable in the last few years of the study period. The rate was 26 deaths per 100,000 men in that age group in 2002.
而35歲至44歲男性的比例，在過去幾年的研究期間顯得比較穩定。2002年，那個年齡段的男性，每10萬名中的死者為26例。
The fact the male rate didn't worsen may indicate doctors are more likely to suspect heart disease in men that age than in women, said the CDC's Dr. Earl Ford, a study co-author.
男性比率並沒有惡化的事實，也許表明醫生很可能對那個年齡段男性心髒病（比例）會超過女性的觀點持懷疑態度，疾病控製中心的醫生，也是這次研究的合作發起人厄爾。福特這樣說。
For all ages, the female death rate fell to 261 from 514 per 100,000; the male rate fell to 430 from 898 per 100,000.
在所有年齡段中，女性的死亡率已經從每10萬人占514名下降至261 名；而男性則從每10萬人占898名下降至430 名。
Heart disease kills more women under 45
By MIKE STOBBE, AP Medical Writer
1 hour, 12 minutes ago
心髒病害死更多45歲以下女性
ATLANTA — For decades, heart disease death rates have been falling. But a new study shows a troubling turn — more women under 45 are dying of heart disease due to clogged arteries, and the death rate for men that age has leveled off.
亞特蘭大-
數十年來，心髒病死亡率一直在下降。不過，一項新的研究顯示出一種令人不安的轉折 - 更多的45歲以下婦女死於動脈阻塞導致的心髒病，而同年齡段的男性，死亡率已經與之扯平。
Heart experts aren't sure what went wrong, but they think increasing rates of obesity and other risk factors are to blame.
心髒病專家不知道什麽地方出了錯，但他們認為，日益增加的肥胖率及其它風險因素則當難卸其責。
The rates will have to be monitored to see if this is the beginning of a real trend. But if the data holds, the new study may be an early glimpse of the impact of escalating obesity and diabetes on U.S. deaths, said Wayne Rosamond, a University of North Carolina epidemiology professor and expert on heart disease statistics.
這種比例將不得不加以監測，以便觀察其是否是一個真正趨勢的開端。但如果數據有效，這項新的研究也許就是對日益增多的肥胖及糖尿病對美國死亡率影響的一瞥，北卡羅萊納大學一位流行病學教授和心髒病統計專家韋恩。羅薩蒙德說。
注釋：
the new study may be an early glimpse of the impact of escalating obesity and diabetes on U.S. deaths，這項新的研究也許就是對日益增多的肥胖及糖尿病對美國死亡率影響的一瞥，這樣直譯讀起來有點羅嗦。不如改變一下句式，翻譯成：如果數據有效，我們就可以從這項新的研究中瞥視到日益增多的肥胖病及糖尿病對美國死亡率的影響。
To be sure, the overall trend is still positive: From 1980 through 2002, the death rate from blocked heart arteries was cut in half for men and women over 35. Improvements in treatment and preventive measures, including cholesterol-lowering medications, get the credit.
可以肯定，總體趨勢仍然是樂觀的：從1980年至2002年間，心髒動脈血管堵塞導致的死亡率，35歲以上男和女平分秋色。改善治療及預防措施，其中包括降低膽固醇的藥物，都是功不可沒。
But what's going on with younger adults is startling, said Dr. Anthony DeMaria, editor of the Journal of the American College of Cardiology, which is publishing the study and released it Monday.
但較年輕的成年人，情況則令人吃驚，安東尼。迪馬裏亞博士表示。此人乃美國心髒病學院雜誌的編輯，該學院周一出版發行了這一研究報告。
"We have a pretty rosy view of how things are going in the war against cardiovascular disease," DeMaria said. "I view this paper as a wake-up call that says there is a very important segment of our population that needs some attention."
“我們對心血管病攻堅戰的戰況持有一種非常樂觀的看法，”迪馬裏亞說。“我把這一文件視為暮鼓晨鍾，警示人們說，在我們的人口中，有相當重要的一部分需要某種程度的關注。”
注釋：
wake-up call，叫醒。而晨鍾暮鼓，早晨敲鍾，晚上擊鼓，都是報時。
Heart disease is the leading cause of death in the United States, killing almost 700,000 Americans each year.
心髒病在美國是導致死亡的主要原因，每年導致幾乎70萬美國人喪生。
Nearly 500,000 of those deaths are attributed to coronary heart disease, in which fat and plaque clog the arteries feeding blood to the heart, sometimes called hardening of the arteries. Heart attacks are a common result.
這些死者中近50萬人死於冠心病，病因脂肪和斑塊阻礙動脈向心髒供血，有時被稱為動脈硬化。心髒病發作就是這些情況導致的一種很常見的結果。
It can take many years for arteries to get dangerously blocked. About 93 percent of deaths occur in people 55 and older.
動脈阻塞發展到危險的程度要花許多年 。約93 ％的死亡都發生在55歲及55歲以上的人群中。
But a combination of factors — including genetics, obesity and high cholesterol — are sometimes fatal for younger adults. In 2002, about 25,000 men and 8,000 women ages 35 to 54 died of coronary heart disease.
多種因素的結合 - 包括遺傳、肥胖、高膽固醇 - 有時對年輕的成年人是致命的。在2002年，在35歲至54歲的年齡段中，約有25，000名男子和8000名婦女死於冠心病。
The study was done by researchers at the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Control and Prevention and Britain's University of Liverpool. They looked at U.S. vital statistics for artery-related deaths in adults ages 35 and older for the years 1980 through 2002, the most recent year for which data was available when the analysis was done.
這項研究是由美國疾病防控中心及英國的利物浦大學的研究人員進行的。他們研究了美國從1980年至2002年，35歲或35歲以上成年人與動脈相關死亡的重要統計數據，以及最近一年在進行分析時會出現什麽數據。
When they compared age groups, they detected the worrisome difference. The study found the death rate for women ages 35 to 44 rose from 1997 to 2002, when the rate was 8.2 per 100,000 women, the highest it's been since 1987.
在對年齡組進行比較時，他們就發現了令人擔憂的差異。研究發現，35歲至44歲女人的死亡率，從1997年至2000年期間是呈上升趨勢的，如果10萬名女人的死亡率為8.2%，這就達到了自1987年以來的最高水平。
In actual numbers, the increase amounts to roughly 100 added deaths a year of women in that age group. That's a relatively small impact in the entire U.S. population.
在實際人口數量中，那個年齡組中的女人每年要增加大約100名死者。對於美國的全部人口來說，其影響較小。
Still, the results are statistically significant and a legitimate cause for concern, said Dr. Wayne Giles, director of the CDC's division of adult and community health.
再者，其結果從統計學角度看是重要的，而且也是一個值得關注的合理原因，韋恩賈爾斯主任醫生說。他是疾病控製中心（CDC：Centers For Diseases Control）成人和社區保健部經理。
"That's like an MD-88 crashing every year," he said, referring to a medium-size commuter jet plane.
“這就是像麥道88飛機每年的失事機率一樣（小）， ”他所指的是一種中型通勤噴氣機。
The rates for men age 35 to 44 were relatively stable in the last few years of the study period. The rate was 26 deaths per 100,000 men in that age group in 2002.
而35歲至44歲男性的比例，在過去幾年的研究期間顯得比較穩定。2002年，那個年齡段的男性，每10萬名中的死者為26例。
The fact the male rate didn't worsen may indicate doctors are more likely to suspect heart disease in men that age than in women, said the CDC's Dr. Earl Ford, a study co-author.
男性比率並沒有惡化的事實，也許表明醫生很可能對那個年齡段男性心髒病（比例）會超過女性的觀點持懷疑態度，疾病控製中心的醫生，也是這次研究的合作發起人厄爾。福特這樣說。
For all ages, the female death rate fell to 261 from 514 per 100,000; the male rate fell to 430 from 898 per 100,000.
在所有年齡段中，女性的死亡率已經從每10萬人占514名下降至261 名；而男性則從每10萬人占898名下降至430 名。
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