懷孕的婦女,在第一次的檢查的時候,就應該篩查乙肝。如果確認是陽性的,出生的嬰兒立即給免疫球蛋白然後接種疫苗。隻要出生後嬰兒及時接種疫苗,羊水穿刺,剖腹產,母乳喂養並不提高嬰兒感染乙肝的幾率。WHO推廣Universal HBV vaccination of all new borns,台灣做得很好,他們的肝癌率已經開始明顯下降。中國的情況還是不容樂觀。
落花飄零2008-07-26 21:54:39回複悄悄話
xux,這個跟全民普及健康的意識很有關係,沒有人去做,沒有人去宣傳,自然就不會得到執行。
punny, you are welcome.:)
appleflower, i guess the policy is really different, partly because the incidence might be different.
dadaland,其實沒有健康攜帶者這個概念的,所有的攜帶者,都應該定期檢查肝功能。best wish to your friend.
Hepatitis B virus is not spread by sharing eating utensils, breastfeeding, hugging, kissing, holding hands, coughing, or sneezing. Unlike hepatitis A, it is not spread routinely through food or water. However, there have been times hepatitis B has been spread to babies when they have received food pre-chewed by an infected person.
Not sure if the rules are the same in Canada and US. In Canada, physicians that are Hepatitis B carriers are only allowed to work in certain specialties that do not have contact with patients, such as pathology. Everyone here who is accepted in the medical school is given hepatitis B and C screening right away, and if found to be a carrier, the student will receive "modified training" and career counselling.
punny, you are welcome.:)
appleflower, i guess the policy is really different, partly because the incidence might be different.
dadaland,其實沒有健康攜帶者這個概念的,所有的攜帶者,都應該定期檢查肝功能。best wish to your friend.
你第二個帖子把自己的問題給解答了,嗬嗬。乙肝主要是通過血液傳播,即使在體外,如果被血液汙染的標本,也可生存7天,比HIV,HCV都厲害很多倍。我說的這些傳播方式,都有很大的可能性被血液汙染(針頭,tatto,牙刷),所以都列為傳染的途徑。目前還沒有證據表明其他的體液會傳播乙肝。但是,很多1,2歲的孩子被發現在1-2歲的時候感染乙肝,他們都由親密接觸的家人感染,所以這個目前還在debating.
其本質還是血液傳播。
"乙肝的傳染方式包括母嬰傳播,輸血,性交,皮膚接觸(牙刷,剃須刀,tattoo,吸毒共用的針頭),器官移植。"
皮膚接觸也容易傳播乙肝病毒嗎? 那樣將是非常可怕的。
另外,國內似乎有一大誤區,那就是共用碗筷可能會傳播乙肝病毒。
剛剛查了一下美國CDC:
http://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/B/bFAQ.htm#bFAQ13
What are ways hepatitis B is not spread?
Hepatitis B virus is not spread by sharing eating utensils, breastfeeding, hugging, kissing, holding hands, coughing, or sneezing. Unlike hepatitis A, it is not spread routinely through food or water. However, there have been times hepatitis B has been spread to babies when they have received food pre-chewed by an infected person.
落花是否同意?
Not sure if the rules are the same in Canada and US. In Canada, physicians that are Hepatitis B carriers are only allowed to work in certain specialties that do not have contact with patients, such as pathology. Everyone here who is accepted in the medical school is given hepatitis B and C screening right away, and if found to be a carrier, the student will receive "modified training" and career counselling.
A dumb question. Why won't China vaccinate all new borns? Is it because of money or just politics?