David Zweig 美國華人人才爭奪戰

美國華人人才爭奪戰

https://cup.columbia.edu/book/the-war-for-chinese-talent-in-america/9781952636523

21世紀中美關係中的技術與知識政治

大衛·茨威格亞洲研究協會

關於作者

David Zweig（密歇根大學博士，1983 年）是香港科技大學榮休教授、台灣國立清華大學台北經濟與政治學院傑出客座教授、以及中國與全球化中心（北京）。 1984-85 年，他在哈佛大學擔任博士後研究員。他領導香港科技大學中國跨國關係中心長達 15 年。
抽象的：

https://www.drdavidzweig.com/publications/books/the-war-for-chinese-talent-in-america/

克服有害的“人才流失”的一種方法是“僑民選擇”，即發展中國家動員海外僑民利用在國外學到的知識和技能來幫助祖國發展，而無需他們全職回國。 20世紀90年代中期，中國對海外科學家、學者和企業家“反向人才外流”的希望陷入停滯。因此，2001年，江澤民提出了中國的僑民選擇，其標簽是“為國服務”而不是“回國服務”。黨/國家的積極努力包括一係列鼓勵海外華人將知識傳授到中國以增強國家實力的計劃。醫院、大學、科研院所、企業、高新區等機構將海外人才視為提升國內外競爭力的新技術載體。許多在海外工作的大陸出生的中國人答應了邀請，有些是為了鞏固自己的故鄉，有些則是出於自身利益。

2018年，特朗普政府通過一場名為“中國倡議”的麥卡錫式（甚至毛主義式）運動向中國獲取這些信息的努力宣戰。本書記錄了美國政府的反擊，以及其限製美國技術向中國轉讓的努力。案例研究包括該活動的幾名未知受害者的故事，這些故事顯示了該舉措的缺點。它還突顯了人才爭奪戰給中美科學合作和在美中國學生的教育帶來的危害。

The War for Chinese Talent in America

https://cup.columbia.edu/book/the-war-for-chinese-talent-in-america/9781952636523

The Politics of Technology and Knowledge in Sino-U.S. Relations in the 21st Century

David Zweig  Association for Asian Studies

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

David Zweig (Ph.D., The University of Michigan, 1983) is Professor Emeritus, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Distinguished Visiting Professor of Taipei School of Economics and Political Science, National Tsinghua University, Taiwan, and Vice-President of the Center for China and Globalization (Beijing). He was a Postdoctoral Fellow at Harvard in 1984-85. For 15 years, he directed the Center on China’s Transnational Relations at HKUST.

Abstract:

https://www.drdavidzweig.com/publications/books/the-war-for-chinese-talent-in-america/

One way to overcome the deleterious “brain drain” is the “Diaspora Option,” whereby developing states mobilize their overseas nationals to use the knowledge and skills learned abroad to help their motherland develop without them returning fulltime. In the mid-1990s, China’s hope for a “reverse brain drain” of overseas scientists, academics and entrepreneurs stalled. So, in 2001, Jiang Zemin introduced China’s Diaspora Option, labelled, “serving the country” (為國服務) without “returning to the country” （回國服務）. The Party/State’s vigorous efforts have included an array of programs to encourage ethnic Chinese living abroad to transfer their knowledge to China to strengthen the country. Institutions, such as hospitals, universities, research institutes, companies, and high-tech zones, see overseas talent as carriers of new technologies that enhance their domestic and foreign competitiveness. Many Mainland-born Chinese working abroad complied with the invitations, some to strengthen their former homeland, others from self-interest.

In 2018, the Trump Administration declared war on China’s efforts to access this information through a McCarthy-like (or even Maoist-like) campaign called the “China Initiative.” This book documents the U.S. government’s counterattack, and its efforts to limit the transfer of U.S. technology to China. The case studies include stories of several unknown victims of that campaign which show the downside of this initiative. It also highlights the harm the war over this talent has brought to Sino-American scientific collaboration and the education of Chinese students in America.