《西遊記》英漢：第四章 初登取經路 三藏猴王喜相逢

第四章 初登取經路 三藏猴王喜相逢

Chapter 4 Set out to take Buddhist ures

1.

One day, the great master Xuanzhuang, gave a lecture on Buddhist doctrines
to 1,200 monks. Seeing the master was just the son of Chen Guangrui,
Guanyin was very happy. He and his disciple Mu Zha turned themselves into
two ordinary monks, a master and a disciple, selling treasures in the
street.
Shortly, a higher official stepped up and carefully examined the
treasures.
“How much do they cost?” he asked the monk.
“If the buyer isn’t devout to Buddha, I’ll charge him 5,000 pounds of
gold for the robe, and 2,000 pounds of gold for the crosier.” Added the
monk. “If the buyer is good, I’m willing to give my treasures to him free
of charge.”
“I think these three treasures are quite suitable to our great master
Xuanzhuang. I’d like to introduce you to our emperor. I’m sure that the
emperor will buy your treasures for the master.”
The two monks agreed and followed him into the palace.
The higher official told the emperor what he thought. The emperor was
very happy.
“I’m going to buy your treasures for a devout monk of high character and
great prestige,” The emperor said to the monks.
“Now that he’s a monk of high character and great prestige, I’m willing
to give the treasures to him free of charge.”
The emperor persisted in paying for the treasures, but the monk firmly
insisted on giving his treasures to Xuanzhuang free of charge. And finally
the emperor yielded and accepted the treasures without payment. The two
monks left.


一日，陳玄奘大闡法師，聚集一千二百名高僧，開演諸品妙經。見大法師正是陳光蕊的兒子，觀音心喜非常。他和徒弟木叉遂變成平常和尚，一師一徒，在街上買起袈裟。
不久，當朝宰相上前，將寶物仔細觀看。
“可值多少錢？”他向和尚打探。
“如果買主對佛不虔，這袈裟我收他五千金，這錫杖我收他兩千金，”那和尚說。“如果買主不錯，我願把這些寶物白送予他。”
“我想這三件寶物正適合玄奘大法師，”宰相說。“我要把你們舉薦給當今皇上。我相信皇上一定會為大法師買下寶物。”
兩名和尚同意，遂跟隨他們入宮見駕。
宰相向皇上講述自己的想法。聖上喜出望外。
“我想為一位德高望重虔誠的和尚買下你這寶物，”皇上對和尚說。
“既然他是一個德高望重的和尚，我願把寶物白送給他。”
聖上堅持付錢，可和尚偏偏要白送。最終皇上讓步，隻得白白收下寶物。兩個和尚這才離開。


Shortly, Xuanzhuang was given the treasures. Wearing the excellent robe,
Xuanzhuang looked beaming and buoyant.
Next morning, Xuanzhuang continued his lectures. The monk who was in fact Guanyin appeared again before long.
“You young monk, you can only give lectures on Little Vehicle (Hinayana),
” the monk patted the desk and shouted. “You know anything about Great
Vehicle (Mahayana)?”
Hearing this, Xuanzhuang was delighted and stepped down the rostrum.
“Thank you, master,” Xuanzhuang said politely to the monk. “I only know
Little Vehicle, but don’t know there is also Great Vehicle.”
“Your Little Vehicle cannot help the dead go to the paradise.” Said the
monk. “I have three canons of Great Vehicle. Not only can they help the
dead people go to the paradise but also can help the living people to free
themselves of sea of sorrow and practice Buddhist teachings and finally
enjoy a long life without coming into this world and going out.”

寶物很快交給玄奘。身穿這件袈裟，手持這根法杖，玄奘容光煥發，神采奕奕。
笠日，玄奘大法師繼續講經。沒多久，其實是菩薩變成的那和尚再次露麵。
菩薩近前來，拍著寶台厲聲高叫道“那年輕的和尚，你隻會談小乘教法，可會談大乘麽？”
玄奘聞言，心中大喜，翻身跳下台來，對菩薩起手道：“對不起，師父。弟子隻知小乘教法，卻不知大乘教法如何。”
菩薩道：“你這小乘教法，度不得亡者超升。我有大乘佛法三藏，能超亡者升天，能度難人脫苦，能修無量壽身，能作無來無去。”


Before the monk finished his words, someone had already reported this
matter to the emperor. And the emperor called over the monk at once.
Hearing the monk’s introduction about his three canons of Great Vehicle,
the emperor was very happy.
“Where do you put your three canons of Great Vehicle?” asked the
emperor.
“Oh, it’s very far. In India,” said the monk. “They are put in the
Great Thunder Temple where the father of Buddha lives.”
“Do you still remember them?” asked the emperor.
“Yes, I do., replied the monk.
“Good,” said the emperor. “Would you please go up to the rostrum and
give a lecture to the monks?”
“It’s a pleasure,” said the monk.
But instead of stepping up to the rostrum, the monk and his disciple flew
into the sky and returned to their original looks, Guanyin and Mu Cha.
Seeing Gunyin, all the people were taken quite by surprise. Guanyin told
the emperor that he came here to look for a devout monk to take the three
books of Buddhist ures.

講經會尚未結束，早有人急奏唐王。聖上立即召見那和尚。
太宗問和尚： “你那三藏大乘佛法，在於何處？”
菩薩道：“在大西天天竺國大雷音寺我佛如來處。”
太宗道：“你可記得麽？”
菩薩道：“我記得。”
太宗大喜道：“教法師引去，請上台開講。”
“遵命，”菩薩說。
那菩薩帶了木叉，並非登上高台，而是足踏祥雲，直至九霄，現出菩薩和木叉真身。
見此情景，一眾人無不大吃一驚。觀音菩薩告訴聖上，此行他是來尋找索取三藏真經之人。


Learning this, the emperor announced the lecture was adjourned and asked
which monk was willing to go west to take Buddhist ures.
“I’m willing to go,” Stepping up and kneeling down before the emperor,
Xuanzhuang said sincerely.
The emperor was very pleased and assisted Xuanzhuang to his feet.
“If you really want to go bravely in spite of all difficulties and
dangers, I’d like to take you as my brother.”
Xuanzhuang kowtowed to the emperor immediately expressing his hearty
thanks. The emperor was wild with joy and asked the relative officials to
prepare the necessary diplomatic documents and choose a lucky day for
Xuanzhuang to set out.
Next day, the emperor signed the passport and all other diplomatic
documents.
. “Today is a lucky day for journey.” A relative official reported.
The emperor was delighted. To be reported that Xuanzhuang was waiting
outside, he immediately called him in.
“My brother, today is a lucky day.” The emperor said to Xuanzhuang. “
This is your passport. And I’d like to give you a golden Buddhist
alms-bowl for you to ask alms on the way.” The emperor added, “Besides, I
’m going to let you have two assistants and a horse.”

聞聽此言，太宗宣布講經會暫停，並問誰願去西天取經。
話音剛落，旁邊閃過玄奘法師，即刻在聖上前施禮道：“貧僧不才，願與陛下求取真經。”
唐王大喜，上前將禦手扶起。
聖上道：“法師果能盡此忠賢，不怕程途遙遠，跋涉山川，朕情願與你拜為兄弟。”
玄奘頓首謝恩。唐王大喜，立即差官速備出關文牒，待選良辰吉日，發牒出行。
次早，太宗寫了取經文牒，用了通行寶印。
有官奏曰：“今日是人專吉星，堪宜出行遠路。”
唐王大喜。又有官奏禦弟法師正朝門外候旨。太宗隨即宣上寶殿。
太宗道：“禦弟，今日是出行吉日。這是通關文牒。朕又有一個紫金缽盂，送你途中化齋而用。再選兩個從者，又有駿馬一匹。


Wild with joy, Xuanzhuang accepted all these and decided to set out
without any delay.
Seeing Xuanzhuang off, the emperor asked him, “Do you have any esteemed
another name?”
“I’m only a monk. How do I dare to have another name?” said Xuanzhuang.
“Guanyin said there are three canons in Western Paradise.” The emperor
said to Xuanzhuang. “You can have another name according to this. How
about Sanzang (three canons)?”
Happily accepted it, Sanzang extended his hearty thanks to the emperor.
Then, the emperor offered Sanzang a cup of wine.
Taking over the wine, Sanzang said, “Your Majesty, wine is the first
thing under taboo. I’m a monk, so I’ve never drunk wine.”
“Your journey today is different from any other things. Moreover, this is
only a cup of plain wine,” said the emperor. “You may only take one cup.
It’s a token of my regards to you.”
Sanzang didn’t dare to decline the emperor’s kindness. Taking over the
wine, he was going to drink but he found the emperor bend his body and take
a little bit of earth and sprinkle it into the wine.
Sanzang didn’t understood what he meant.
“Brother, when do you come back from Western Paradise?” the emperor
asked.
“Only within three years,” replied Sanzang.
“It’s a long hard journey. You can take my wine for relaxation.” The
emperor added, “You should love the earth of your motherland rather than
the gold of other countries.”
Only on hearing this, did Sanzang understand the emperor’s true
intention. Thanking the emperor again, he drank the wine and left.

玄奘大喜，即便謝了恩，領了物事，更無留滯之意。
唐王排駕，與多官同送至關外。
唐王問曰：“禦弟雅號甚稱？”
玄奘道：“貧僧出家人，未敢稱號。”
太宗道：“當時菩薩說，西天有經三藏。禦弟可指經取號，號作三藏何如？”
玄奘欣然受之，並急謝恩。
皇上舉杯祝酒。
玄奘接了禦酒道：“陛下，酒乃僧家頭一戒，貧僧自為人，不會飲酒。”
太宗道：“今日之行，比他事不同。此乃素酒，隻飲此一杯，以盡朕奉餞之意。”
三藏不敢不受。接了酒，方待要飲，隻見太宗低頭，將禦指拾一撮塵土，彈入酒中。
三藏不解其意。
太宗笑道：“禦弟嗬，這一去，到西天，幾時可回？”
三藏道：“隻在三年，徑回上國。”
太宗道：“日久年深，山遙路遠，禦弟可進此酒：寧戀本鄉一撚土，莫愛他鄉萬兩金。”
三藏方悟撚土之意，複謝恩飲盡，辭謝出關而去。




2.

Xuanzhuang went out of the territory of Tang Dynasty before long.
Next morning, Sanzang set off too early. It was still very dark at the
fourth watch of the night. The whole group fell into a deep pit, he
himself, his two assistants and the white horse.
Sanzang was scared out of his wit. His assistants were terribly shivering.
“Take them here, take them here!” he heard someone shouting aloud.
Then, a gale brought out over fifty demons seizing Sanzang and his
assistants by the collar and pulled them forward. Shivering terribly,
Sanzang stealthily looked up and found a tiger-shaped monster sitting on a
large stone.
King Devil ordered the demons to bind them. Just at the moment he was
going to eat them, there came a loud confused noise.

玄奘一行不久就越過大唐國界。
轉天，長老心忙，起得太早。到處黑漆漆，隻好有四更天氣。一行三人，連馬四口，忽然失足，都跌落深坑之中。
三藏心慌，從者膽戰。
忽又聞得哮吼高呼：“拿將來，拿將來！”
隻見狂風滾滾，擁出五六十個妖邪，將三藏、從者揪了上去。這法師戰戰兢兢的，偷眼觀看，上麵坐的那魔王，酷似老虎模樣，十分凶惡。
魔王喝令綁了，眾妖一齊將三人用繩索綁縛。正要安排吞食，隻聽得外麵喧嘩。


“King Bear and Hermit Wei come!” one demon reported.
Looking up, Sanzang found a black man walking before and a fat man
following behind. The monster hurriedly stepped up and welcomed them.
“King Tiger,” the bear said to the monster. “Congratulations!
Congratulations!”
“It’s really a happy event!” said the hermit. “Brother Tiger is truly
an invincible general.”
“Where did you get them?” pointing at the shivering assistants, the
black man asked.
“They walked into the trap on their own accord,” said the monster of
King Tiger.
“Can you entertain us with them?” laughed and asked the hermit.
“Of course!” said King of Tiger.
“No need to eat them all in one day,” suggested the hermit. “We just
ate two of them. Eat the other one for next time.”
King of Tiger ordered the demons to cut open the chests of the two assistants.
He gave their heads and internal organs to his guests and he himself ate their
limbs and gave the other parts to the demons. The flesh banquet ended in an
instant just like tigers and wolves eating sheep. Sanzang was cared to
death. This was the very first disaster he suffered after he left his
motherland.

有人來報：“熊山君與處士二位來也。”
三藏聞言，抬頭觀看，前走的是一條黑漢，又見那後邊來的是一條胖漢。 慌得那魔王奔出迎接。
熊山君道：“寅將軍，一向得意，可賀，可賀！”
處士道：“寅將軍豐姿勝常！”
那黑漢指著兩個顫抖的從者道：“此三者何來？”
虎魔王道：“自送上門來者。”
處士笑雲：“可能待客否？”
虎魔王道：“奉承，奉承！”
處士道：“不可盡用，食其二，留其一可也。”
虎魔王領諾，即呼左右，將二從者剖腹,剜心,將首級與心肝奉獻二客，將四肢自食，其餘骨肉，分給各妖。隻聽得渝麻之聲，真似虎啖羊羔，霎時食盡。
把一個長老，幾乎唬死。這才是初出長安第一場苦難。

3.

Falling into a flutter, Sanzang didn’t know what to do. Day already broke
before he realized it. All the demons left. Addlebrained, he completely
lost his bearings. A few moments later, he found an old man coming towards
him with a walking stick. Stepping up, he slightly waved his hand and the
ropes were broken at once. Then, he just gave one blow to Sanzang’s face
and Sanzang woke up gradually.
Kneeling before the old man, Sanzang said, “You save me. Thank you very
much.”
“Stand up, please,” said the old man. “See whether you lost anything.”
“My assistants were eaten by the demons,” said Sanzang. “I just don’t
know where my horse and luggage are.”
Pointing forward with his stick, the old man said, “Look, a horse and two
bundles are over there.”

正愴慌之間，三藏無所措手足。漸漸的東方發白，那二怪至天曉方散。三藏昏昏沉沉，也辨不得東西南北，正在那不得命處，忽然見一老叟，手持拄杖而來。走上前，用手一拂，繩索皆斷，對麵吹了一口氣，三藏方蘇。
三藏跪拜於地道：“多謝老公公，搭救貧僧性命！”
老叟答禮道：“你起來。你可曾疏失了什麽東西？”
三藏道：“貧僧的從人，已是被怪食了，隻不知行李馬匹在於何處？”
老叟用杖指定道：“那廂不是一匹馬、兩個包袱？”。


Looking back and seeing they were really his belongings, he set his mind
at ease.
“Where’re we now?” asked Sanzang. “Why are you here?”
“This is Mt. Shuangchaling and a den of tigers and wolves.” The old man
asked continuously. “Why are coming here?”
“This morning, I left the Great Tang Dynasty’s territory. But it was too
early, so I missed my bearings and came here without knowing it. Later on,
I fell into a deep pit and met with a ferocious demon. He bound my two
assistants. A few moments later, I saw a black man. They called him King
Bear. Shortly, And another fat man came. He called King Devil Tiger
General. They called him Hermit Wei. These three demons ate my two
assistants.”
“The so called Hermit was in fact a boar demon. King Bear was indeed a
bear. And King Devil, namely King Tiger was a tiger. And the other demons
are various kinds of wild beasts. It is only because you have so fine qualities
that they cannot eat you,” said the old man. “Follow me. I’ll show you a proper
way to go.”

三藏回頭看時，果是他的物件，並不曾失落，心才略放下些。
“老公公，此處是甚所在？”三藏問老叟。“公公何由在此？”
老叟道：“此是雙叉嶺，乃虎狼巢穴處。你為何墮此？”
三藏道：“貧僧雞鳴時，出大唐界地，不料起得早了，忽失落深坑。
見一魔王，凶頑太甚，將貧僧與二從者綁了。又見一條黑漢，稱是熊
山君；一條胖漢，稱那魔王是寅將軍。他們稱胖漢為處士。他三個把
我二從者吃了。”
老叟道：“處士者是個野牛精，山君者是個熊羆精，寅將軍者是個老虎精。左右妖邪，盡都是怪獸。隻因你的本性元明，所以吃不得你。你跟我來，引你上路。”


Very much grateful to the old man, Sanzang put his two bundles on the back
of his horse then led the rein. Following the old man, he left the pit and
came onto a broad way.
Tying his horse to a big tree at the roadside and turning around, Sanzang
was going to thank the old man. But he found the old man had already risen
into the sky riding a red-crowned crane just like a refreshing breeze. And
at the same time, a note drifted down with the words: “I’m Venus in
Western Paradise. I come here to rescue you. Go ahead and don’t be afraid
of hardships. There must be various gods to help you.”
Reading this, Sanzang immediately knelt down and kowtowed to the sky.
“I’m very much grateful to you for your kindness to rescue me, Venus!”
said Sanzang.
Then, he led his horse and continued his long journey, alone all by himself.

三藏不勝感激，將包袱捎在馬上，牽著韁繩，相隨老叟徑出了坑坎
之中，走上大路。
卻將馬拴在道旁大樹上，轉身拜謝那公公，那公公遂化作一陣清風，
跨一隻朱頂白鶴，騰空而去。隻見風飄飄遺下一張簡帖，書上四句頌詞
雲：吾乃西天太白星，特來搭救汝生靈。前行自有神徒助，莫為艱難報
怨經。
三藏看了，對天禮拜道：“多謝金星，度脫此難。”
拜畢，牽了馬匹，獨自個孤孤淒淒，往前苦進。



4.

The surrounding circumstances looked rather forlorn. He could see nothing
but big trees and running deer and singing birds. All he heard was just the
sound of swift streams and the cry of jumping monkeys.
Facing a scene of desolation, Sanzang was trembling with fear. And the
four legs of the horse felt like jelly.
After half day’s climbing in the big mountains, Sanzang felt quite
hungry. But he saw neither villages nor human beings.
Just at the critical moment, he found two tigers roaring before him and
several long snakes twisting together behind him, and poisonous worms on
his left and odd beasts on his right. Scared to death, Sanzang could do nothing
but leave things to chance.
He tried to go ahead. But the shivering horse felt his strength falling short
of his wishes and suddenly fell down with a plop. No matter how hard he
tried to pull up the horse, the animal just couldn’t move at all, let
alone get up.

周遭環境甚是荒涼。眼中所見隻有古木野鹿，淒淒鳴禽；耳中所聞隻是溪水潺潺，山猿哀啼。
麵對如此荒涼孤獨的景象，三藏心驚膽戰，渾身篩糠。而那匹馬的四條腿，也是軟如爛泥。
行經半日，早已饑腸轆轆。更不見個人煙村舍。
正在危急之際，隻見前麵有兩隻猛虎咆哮，後邊有幾條長蛇盤繞。左有毒蟲，右有怪獸。三藏孤身無策，隻得放下身心，聽天所命。
他極力堅持前進。但無奈那馬腰軟蹄彎，即便跪下，伏倒在地，打又打不起，牽又牽不動。


Without knowing what to do next, Sanzang could only wait for death. But
just at the moment, he found all the beasts running rapidly and the snakes
hiding themselves among wild grass. Rising his head, he saw a man walking
towards him with a steel fork in hand and bow and arrows in waist. The man
came nearer and nearer. Sanzang could see clearly that this stranger wore a
leopard-hide cap and a cashmere sweater and a pair of deer-hide boots.
“Great King, save me, save me, please!” he implored.
The man put down his fork immediately and assisted Sanzang to his feet.
“Master, don’t be afraid.” Said the man. “I’m not an evil doer. I’m
a hunter. My name is Poqin Liu. I’m coming here to look for two tigers but
meet with you unexpectedly. I’m sorry to scare you. I beg your pardon!”
The master told the whole story to the hunter.
And the hunter told Sanzang, “In fact you’re still in the territory of our
Great Tang Dynasty. Stay at my home and tomorrow I’ll show you the way to
go abroad.”
Learning this, he felt quite surprised but rather cordial because, after
all, he met with a fellow-countryman in the deserted mountains.
On the hunter’s invitation, Sanzang stayed overnight at his home.

苦得個法師不知該如何是好，莫可奈何，隻有等死。正在那不得命處，忽然見毒蟲奔走，妖獸飛逃；猛虎潛蹤，長蛇隱跡。三藏抬頭看時，隻見一人，手執鋼叉，腰懸弓箭，向他走來，越走越近。頭上戴一頂艾葉花斑豹皮帽，身上穿一領羊絨織錦衣，腳下蹬一對麂皮靴。
三藏高叫道：“大王救命，大王救命！”
那條漢到跟前，放下鋼叉，用手攙起。
“長老休怕。我不是歹人，我是這山中的獵戶，姓劉名伯欽，”那人說。“我才自來，要尋兩隻山蟲食用，不期遇著你，多有衝撞。”
三藏把詳情細說給他聽。
那獵人道：“此間還是大唐的地界，跟我來，到我舍下歇馬，明朝我送你上路。”
三藏聞言，十分吃驚，但又滿心歡喜，因為他畢竟在荒郊野外遇到了鄉親。
應獵人之邀，三藏在他家借宿一夜。



5.


Next day, he set off early together with the hunter.
Shortly, they came to a big mountain.
“My master has come! My master has come!” Someone was crying aloud at
the foot of the mountain.
Hearing this, Sanzang became greatly astonished and the hunter felt
surprised.
The hunter’s servants told them: “ It must be the old monkey in the
stone box at the foot of the mountain.”
“Yes, you’re right,” said the hunter.
“What sort of old monkey?” Sanzang asked.
They told him the whole story and suggested they go down the mountain and
have a look. Sanzang had nothing to do but follow them. After going several
miles away, they really found a monkey in a stone box. Popping out his head
and looking about, the monkey was waving hands to them.
“Master, why are you coming so late?” the monkey asked. “But it’s just
in time. Please rescue me and I’ll go west with you to take Buddhist
ures.”

第二天，他和獵人早早登程。
不久他們來到一座大山裏。
“我師父來啦！我師父來啦！”有人在山腳下大聲喊道。
聽到喊聲，三藏和獵人都感到十分吃驚。
獵人的助手告訴他們：“一定是山腳石匣裏的老猴子。”
“嗯，你說的對，”獵人說。
“什麽樣的老猴？”三藏問。
他們把事情的來龍去脈告訴他，還建議到山腳去看看。三藏隻得依從。行不數裏，隻見那石匣之間，果有一猴。那猴把頭伸出來，四處張望，還向他們揮手呢。
“師父，你怎麽此時才來？來得好，來得好！救我出來，我保你上西天去也！”


The monkey told his story to them. But Sanzang didn’t know what to do.
“Even if I want to rescue you,” said Sanzang. “I don’t have any tools.
How can I do it?”
The monkey told him so long as they could take off the note from the
mountain top which was put there by the father of Buddha. Together with the
hunter and the servants, Sanzang climbed up the mountain and found the note
at the mountain top. After the note being took off, the monkey asked them
to go far away and then he himself jumped out of the stone box immediately
with a thunderous sound.
Sanzang wanted to give the monkey a Buddhist name. But the monkey told him
that he’d already been named Sun Wukong by the father of Buddha.
While going in the mountains, they found a tiger in the wild grass. Wukong
told them that the tiger came here to offer him clothes. No one understood
what he meant, yet Wukong already ran forward and killed the tiger and
peeled its hide. Taking the tiger hide as an apron, he tied it around his
waist.


那老猴把各事情仔仔細細向他們講述一遍。可三藏不知道該怎麽辦。
“就是我想救你，隻是我沒斧鑿，如何救你出來？”三藏很是為難。
那猴告訴他們，隻要能把佛祖壓在山頂的金帖揭下來就行。三藏和獵人還有從者一起往山上爬，果然在山頂發現那帖兒。揭下帖兒，老猴叫他們躲到遠處，他隨後從石匣中蹦出來，發出雷鳴般的響聲。
三藏要給那猴一個法號。可那猴說佛祖已經給他一個法名叫孫悟空。
他們往山裏走的時候，看到野草中有一隻老虎。悟空說那虎來到這裏是給他送衣服來的。沒有人能明白他的意思，可悟空早已跑上前去，打死老虎，剝了它的皮。悟空隨即把虎皮當成圍裙，係在腰間。