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《宋氏快譯》英漢對照（46）：鏡之魔力
Researchers find mirror fools phantom limb pain
By Gene Emery
研究者發現鏡子能迷幻幻肢疼痛
捷尼-艾默裏 文 宋德利 譯
BOSTON (Reuters) - Viewing the reflected image of an intact limb in a mirror can fool the mind into thinking that a lost leg or foot still exists, dramatically relieving phantom limb pain, researchers reported on Wednesday.
波士頓（路透社） -
觀看一隻完整肢體在鏡中的影像，可以迷幻頭腦去想象一隻失去的腿或腳依然存，並能極大地減輕幻肢疼痛，研究人員周三報告說。
注釋：
fool the mind ，愚弄頭腦。似乎譯成迷幻比較好。phantom limb，截肢者感到被截肢體依然存在的幻覺。
At least 9 out of 10 amputees report feeling sometimes-severe pain in the missing limb, often the result of a sensation that the arm or leg is stuck in the wrong position. The sensation can be excruciating and pain drugs often do little to help.
10名截肢者中至少有9名都報告說失掉的肢體有時會有劇烈的疼痛感，這經常是一種胳膊或腿被安置錯位的感覺造成的結果。這種感覺可以達到難以忍受程度，而服用止疼藥往往收效甚微。
But some studies have suggested that using a mirror to trick the mind into thinking the lost limb is still there may help. Doctors do not understand why it works, but it appears to help a confused brain reconcile sensations coming from the severed nerves.
但一些研究顯示，用一麵鏡子迷幻頭腦去認為失去的肢體依然存在，這可能會有助益。醫生不明白為什麽這種做法為何會生效，但這似乎能夠幫助一個糊塗的頭腦對被切斷神經所產生的感覺加以協調。
Dr. Jack Tsao, a Navy neurologist at the Walter Reed Army Medical Center in Washington, asked 22 volunteers, most of whom had lost part of a leg in Iraq, to try one of three therapies.
傑克曹醫生，華盛頓沃爾特-裏德軍事醫療中心的一位海軍神經學專家，曾要求22名誌願者，其中大部分都在伊拉克留下一條殘腿，接受三種療法中的一種。
注釋：
had lost part of a leg，失去一條腿的某些部分。正麵翻譯費力又費解，不如反著翻譯成“留下一條殘腿”，因為失掉一部分，那剩下的部分不就是“殘腿”嗎？說“殘腿”即符合漢語習慣，意思也十分明確。
With the mirror technique, patients saw a reflected image of their intact limb as they spent 15 minutes a day trying to move legs and feet. The setup gave the illusion that the missing limb was present and moving normally.
利用鏡子技術，病人每天花15分鍾活動腿腳，他們就能看到自己完好肢體的影像。這種易如反掌的做法會產生一種失去的肢體尚在，而且活動如常的幻覺。
注釋：
Setup，設備；（俚語）很容易做到的事情。看上下文，選用後者似乎比較恰當。
Another group looked at a mirror covered by an opaque sheet as they tried to perform the same task. A third group was asked to close their eyes and spend 15 minutes imagining their limb moving normally.
另一組在做相同的事情時，看的則是一麵蒙著不透明體的鏡子。第三組被要求閉上眼睛，花15分鍾時間想象自己的肢體在正常活動。
During the first four weeks of treatment, pain intensity dropped dramatically in the mirror group, going from an average score of 30 to about 7 on scale up to 100. Every person in that group reported less pain.
在頭4個星期的治療中，看鏡組的疼痛強度明顯下降，在以100分為滿分的情況下，從平均分值30分降至約7分。那個組中的每個人都報告說疼痛減輕了。
For those looking at the covered mirror, their average pain score increased to about 60, in part because only one volunteer said he felt less pain while three said their pain became worse.
對於那些觀看被蒙鏡子的人來說，他們的平均疼痛分值則增加至約60分，其中部分原因就是，隻有一個誌願者說他感覺疼痛減少了，而另外三人都說他們的痛苦加劇了。
Among people who imagined their limb moving, the pain score increased to about 60 after the first week, but then rapidly diminished.
在那些想象自己肢體在運動的人中間，疼痛分值在第一周之後上升至約60分的水平，但隨後卻迅速降低。
Then, during the next four weeks, all the patients were switched to the mirror technique. Their pain scores diminished significantly in eight out of nine cases.
在隨後的四個星期內，所有病人均改用鏡子技術。9例中有8例疼痛分值顯著減少。
"The majority of people got some relief. The range went from some relief to completely gone," Tsao said in a telephone interview. "We were surprised that the effect was so strongly positive."
“ 大多數人都得到一些緩解。程度從有一些緩解，到完全消失，”曹在接受電話訪談時說。“療效這麽好，我們真感到吃驚。”
The team is planning a similar test in people who have lost arms.
該小組正計劃在一些失去手臂的人中間進行一種類似的試驗。
The idea of mirror therapy has been around for at least a decade, but it has not been widely adopted because "there's never been a controlled study done before," Tsao said.
鏡療法已經存在至少十年之久，但至今還沒有得到廣泛應用，原因是“此前從未進行過一次對照性研究，”曹說。
注釋：
Control，利用對照物進行核實檢驗，此處不做“控製”解。
The technique may relieve pain by helping the brain reconcile what the body is feeling with what the eyes are seeing, Tsao said.
該技術可以幫助大腦來調節身體所感與眼睛所見，以此來減輕痛苦，曹表示。
"Although the underlying mechanism accounting for the success of this therapy remains to be elucidated, these results suggest that mirror therapy may be helpful in alleviating phantom pain in an amputated lower limb," his team wrote in a letter to the New England Journal of Medicine. "
“雖然這一基本性技術應歸功於這一療法的成功之說仍有待澄清，但是這些研究結果都顯示，鏡療法可能有助於減輕被截下肢的幻痛，”他的小組在一封寫給新英格蘭醫學雜誌的信中這樣表述。
"It's certainly my hope that more rehab centers will try this," Tsao said.
“將來會有更多的康複中心對此進行試驗，這當然是我的希望， ”曹如是說。
備注：
從Goggle中查詢Dr. Jack Tsao 的中文名字為曹興誠。
Researchers find mirror fools phantom limb pain
By Gene Emery
研究者發現鏡子能迷幻幻肢疼痛
捷尼-艾默裏 文 宋德利 譯
BOSTON (Reuters) - Viewing the reflected image of an intact limb in a mirror can fool the mind into thinking that a lost leg or foot still exists, dramatically relieving phantom limb pain, researchers reported on Wednesday.
波士頓（路透社） -
觀看一隻完整肢體在鏡中的影像，可以迷幻頭腦去想象一隻失去的腿或腳依然存，並能極大地減輕幻肢疼痛，研究人員周三報告說。
注釋：
fool the mind ，愚弄頭腦。似乎譯成迷幻比較好。phantom limb，截肢者感到被截肢體依然存在的幻覺。
At least 9 out of 10 amputees report feeling sometimes-severe pain in the missing limb, often the result of a sensation that the arm or leg is stuck in the wrong position. The sensation can be excruciating and pain drugs often do little to help.
10名截肢者中至少有9名都報告說失掉的肢體有時會有劇烈的疼痛感，這經常是一種胳膊或腿被安置錯位的感覺造成的結果。這種感覺可以達到難以忍受程度，而服用止疼藥往往收效甚微。
But some studies have suggested that using a mirror to trick the mind into thinking the lost limb is still there may help. Doctors do not understand why it works, but it appears to help a confused brain reconcile sensations coming from the severed nerves.
但一些研究顯示，用一麵鏡子迷幻頭腦去認為失去的肢體依然存在，這可能會有助益。醫生不明白為什麽這種做法為何會生效，但這似乎能夠幫助一個糊塗的頭腦對被切斷神經所產生的感覺加以協調。
Dr. Jack Tsao, a Navy neurologist at the Walter Reed Army Medical Center in Washington, asked 22 volunteers, most of whom had lost part of a leg in Iraq, to try one of three therapies.
傑克曹醫生，華盛頓沃爾特-裏德軍事醫療中心的一位海軍神經學專家，曾要求22名誌願者，其中大部分都在伊拉克留下一條殘腿，接受三種療法中的一種。
注釋：
had lost part of a leg，失去一條腿的某些部分。正麵翻譯費力又費解，不如反著翻譯成“留下一條殘腿”，因為失掉一部分，那剩下的部分不就是“殘腿”嗎？說“殘腿”即符合漢語習慣，意思也十分明確。
With the mirror technique, patients saw a reflected image of their intact limb as they spent 15 minutes a day trying to move legs and feet. The setup gave the illusion that the missing limb was present and moving normally.
利用鏡子技術，病人每天花15分鍾活動腿腳，他們就能看到自己完好肢體的影像。這種易如反掌的做法會產生一種失去的肢體尚在，而且活動如常的幻覺。
注釋：
Setup，設備；（俚語）很容易做到的事情。看上下文，選用後者似乎比較恰當。
Another group looked at a mirror covered by an opaque sheet as they tried to perform the same task. A third group was asked to close their eyes and spend 15 minutes imagining their limb moving normally.
另一組在做相同的事情時，看的則是一麵蒙著不透明體的鏡子。第三組被要求閉上眼睛，花15分鍾時間想象自己的肢體在正常活動。
During the first four weeks of treatment, pain intensity dropped dramatically in the mirror group, going from an average score of 30 to about 7 on scale up to 100. Every person in that group reported less pain.
在頭4個星期的治療中，看鏡組的疼痛強度明顯下降，在以100分為滿分的情況下，從平均分值30分降至約7分。那個組中的每個人都報告說疼痛減輕了。
For those looking at the covered mirror, their average pain score increased to about 60, in part because only one volunteer said he felt less pain while three said their pain became worse.
對於那些觀看被蒙鏡子的人來說，他們的平均疼痛分值則增加至約60分，其中部分原因就是，隻有一個誌願者說他感覺疼痛減少了，而另外三人都說他們的痛苦加劇了。
Among people who imagined their limb moving, the pain score increased to about 60 after the first week, but then rapidly diminished.
在那些想象自己肢體在運動的人中間，疼痛分值在第一周之後上升至約60分的水平，但隨後卻迅速降低。
Then, during the next four weeks, all the patients were switched to the mirror technique. Their pain scores diminished significantly in eight out of nine cases.
在隨後的四個星期內，所有病人均改用鏡子技術。9例中有8例疼痛分值顯著減少。
"The majority of people got some relief. The range went from some relief to completely gone," Tsao said in a telephone interview. "We were surprised that the effect was so strongly positive."
“ 大多數人都得到一些緩解。程度從有一些緩解，到完全消失，”曹在接受電話訪談時說。“療效這麽好，我們真感到吃驚。”
The team is planning a similar test in people who have lost arms.
該小組正計劃在一些失去手臂的人中間進行一種類似的試驗。
The idea of mirror therapy has been around for at least a decade, but it has not been widely adopted because "there's never been a controlled study done before," Tsao said.
鏡療法已經存在至少十年之久，但至今還沒有得到廣泛應用，原因是“此前從未進行過一次對照性研究，”曹說。
注釋：
Control，利用對照物進行核實檢驗，此處不做“控製”解。
The technique may relieve pain by helping the brain reconcile what the body is feeling with what the eyes are seeing, Tsao said.
該技術可以幫助大腦來調節身體所感與眼睛所見，以此來減輕痛苦，曹表示。
"Although the underlying mechanism accounting for the success of this therapy remains to be elucidated, these results suggest that mirror therapy may be helpful in alleviating phantom pain in an amputated lower limb," his team wrote in a letter to the New England Journal of Medicine. "
“雖然這一基本性技術應歸功於這一療法的成功之說仍有待澄清，但是這些研究結果都顯示，鏡療法可能有助於減輕被截下肢的幻痛，”他的小組在一封寫給新英格蘭醫學雜誌的信中這樣表述。
"It's certainly my hope that more rehab centers will try this," Tsao said.
“將來會有更多的康複中心對此進行試驗，這當然是我的希望， ”曹如是說。
備注：
從Goggle中查詢Dr. Jack Tsao 的中文名字為曹興誠。
Researchers find mirror fools phantom limb pain
By Gene Emery
研究者發現鏡子能迷幻幻肢疼痛
捷尼-艾默裏 文 宋德利 譯
BOSTON (Reuters) - Viewing the reflected image of an intact limb in a mirror can fool the mind into thinking that a lost leg or foot still exists, dramatically relieving phantom limb pain, researchers reported on Wednesday.
波士頓（路透社） -
觀看一隻完整肢體在鏡中的影像，可以迷幻頭腦去想象一隻失去的腿或腳依然存，並能極大地減輕幻肢疼痛，研究人員周三報告說。
注釋：
fool the mind ，愚弄頭腦。似乎譯成迷幻比較好。phantom limb，截肢者感到被截肢體依然存在的幻覺。
At least 9 out of 10 amputees report feeling sometimes-severe pain in the missing limb, often the result of a sensation that the arm or leg is stuck in the wrong position. The sensation can be excruciating and pain drugs often do little to help.
10名截肢者中至少有9名都報告說失掉的肢體有時會有劇烈的疼痛感，這經常是一種胳膊或腿被安置錯位的感覺造成的結果。這種感覺可以達到難以忍受程度，而服用止疼藥往往收效甚微。
But some studies have suggested that using a mirror to trick the mind into thinking the lost limb is still there may help. Doctors do not understand why it works, but it appears to help a confused brain reconcile sensations coming from the severed nerves.
但一些研究顯示，用一麵鏡子迷幻頭腦去認為失去的肢體依然存在，這可能會有助益。醫生不明白為什麽這種做法為何會生效，但這似乎能夠幫助一個糊塗的頭腦對被切斷神經所產生的感覺加以協調。
Dr. Jack Tsao, a Navy neurologist at the Walter Reed Army Medical Center in Washington, asked 22 volunteers, most of whom had lost part of a leg in Iraq, to try one of three therapies.
傑克曹醫生，華盛頓沃爾特-裏德軍事醫療中心的一位海軍神經學專家，曾要求22名誌願者，其中大部分都在伊拉克留下一條殘腿，接受三種療法中的一種。
注釋：
had lost part of a leg，失去一條腿的某些部分。正麵翻譯費力又費解，不如反著翻譯成“留下一條殘腿”，因為失掉一部分，那剩下的部分不就是“殘腿”嗎？說“殘腿”即符合漢語習慣，意思也十分明確。
With the mirror technique, patients saw a reflected image of their intact limb as they spent 15 minutes a day trying to move legs and feet. The setup gave the illusion that the missing limb was present and moving normally.
利用鏡子技術，病人每天花15分鍾活動腿腳，他們就能看到自己完好肢體的影像。這種易如反掌的做法會產生一種失去的肢體尚在，而且活動如常的幻覺。
注釋：
Setup，設備；（俚語）很容易做到的事情。看上下文，選用後者似乎比較恰當。
Another group looked at a mirror covered by an opaque sheet as they tried to perform the same task. A third group was asked to close their eyes and spend 15 minutes imagining their limb moving normally.
另一組在做相同的事情時，看的則是一麵蒙著不透明體的鏡子。第三組被要求閉上眼睛，花15分鍾時間想象自己的肢體在正常活動。
During the first four weeks of treatment, pain intensity dropped dramatically in the mirror group, going from an average score of 30 to about 7 on scale up to 100. Every person in that group reported less pain.
在頭4個星期的治療中，看鏡組的疼痛強度明顯下降，在以100分為滿分的情況下，從平均分值30分降至約7分。那個組中的每個人都報告說疼痛減輕了。
For those looking at the covered mirror, their average pain score increased to about 60, in part because only one volunteer said he felt less pain while three said their pain became worse.
對於那些觀看被蒙鏡子的人來說，他們的平均疼痛分值則增加至約60分，其中部分原因就是，隻有一個誌願者說他感覺疼痛減少了，而另外三人都說他們的痛苦加劇了。
Among people who imagined their limb moving, the pain score increased to about 60 after the first week, but then rapidly diminished.
在那些想象自己肢體在運動的人中間，疼痛分值在第一周之後上升至約60分的水平，但隨後卻迅速降低。
Then, during the next four weeks, all the patients were switched to the mirror technique. Their pain scores diminished significantly in eight out of nine cases.
在隨後的四個星期內，所有病人均改用鏡子技術。9例中有8例疼痛分值顯著減少。
"The majority of people got some relief. The range went from some relief to completely gone," Tsao said in a telephone interview. "We were surprised that the effect was so strongly positive."
“ 大多數人都得到一些緩解。程度從有一些緩解，到完全消失，”曹在接受電話訪談時說。“療效這麽好，我們真感到吃驚。”
The team is planning a similar test in people who have lost arms.
該小組正計劃在一些失去手臂的人中間進行一種類似的試驗。
The idea of mirror therapy has been around for at least a decade, but it has not been widely adopted because "there's never been a controlled study done before," Tsao said.
鏡療法已經存在至少十年之久，但至今還沒有得到廣泛應用，原因是“此前從未進行過一次對照性研究，”曹說。
注釋：
Control，利用對照物進行核實檢驗，此處不做“控製”解。
The technique may relieve pain by helping the brain reconcile what the body is feeling with what the eyes are seeing, Tsao said.
該技術可以幫助大腦來調節身體所感與眼睛所見，以此來減輕痛苦，曹表示。
"Although the underlying mechanism accounting for the success of this therapy remains to be elucidated, these results suggest that mirror therapy may be helpful in alleviating phantom pain in an amputated lower limb," his team wrote in a letter to the New England Journal of Medicine. "
“雖然這一基本性技術應歸功於這一療法的成功之說仍有待澄清，但是這些研究結果都顯示，鏡療法可能有助於減輕被截下肢的幻痛，”他的小組在一封寫給新英格蘭醫學雜誌的信中這樣表述。
"It's certainly my hope that more rehab centers will try this," Tsao said.
“將來會有更多的康複中心對此進行試驗，這當然是我的希望， ”曹如是說。
備注：
從Goggle中查詢Dr. Jack Tsao 的中文名字為曹興誠。
Researchers find mirror fools phantom limb pain
By Gene Emery
研究者發現鏡子能迷幻幻肢疼痛
捷尼-艾默裏 文 宋德利 譯
BOSTON (Reuters) - Viewing the reflected image of an intact limb in a mirror can fool the mind into thinking that a lost leg or foot still exists, dramatically relieving phantom limb pain, researchers reported on Wednesday.
波士頓（路透社） -
觀看一隻完整肢體在鏡中的影像，可以迷幻頭腦去想象一隻失去的腿或腳依然存，並能極大地減輕幻肢疼痛，研究人員周三報告說。
注釋：
fool the mind ，愚弄頭腦。似乎譯成迷幻比較好。phantom limb，截肢者感到被截肢體依然存在的幻覺。
At least 9 out of 10 amputees report feeling sometimes-severe pain in the missing limb, often the result of a sensation that the arm or leg is stuck in the wrong position. The sensation can be excruciating and pain drugs often do little to help.
10名截肢者中至少有9名都報告說失掉的肢體有時會有劇烈的疼痛感，這經常是一種胳膊或腿被安置錯位的感覺造成的結果。這種感覺可以達到難以忍受程度，而服用止疼藥往往收效甚微。
But some studies have suggested that using a mirror to trick the mind into thinking the lost limb is still there may help. Doctors do not understand why it works, but it appears to help a confused brain reconcile sensations coming from the severed nerves.
但一些研究顯示，用一麵鏡子迷幻頭腦去認為失去的肢體依然存在，這可能會有助益。醫生不明白為什麽這種做法為何會生效，但這似乎能夠幫助一個糊塗的頭腦對被切斷神經所產生的感覺加以協調。
Dr. Jack Tsao, a Navy neurologist at the Walter Reed Army Medical Center in Washington, asked 22 volunteers, most of whom had lost part of a leg in Iraq, to try one of three therapies.
傑克曹醫生，華盛頓沃爾特-裏德軍事醫療中心的一位海軍神經學專家，曾要求22名誌願者，其中大部分都在伊拉克留下一條殘腿，接受三種療法中的一種。
注釋：
had lost part of a leg，失去一條腿的某些部分。正麵翻譯費力又費解，不如反著翻譯成“留下一條殘腿”，因為失掉一部分，那剩下的部分不就是“殘腿”嗎？說“殘腿”即符合漢語習慣，意思也十分明確。
With the mirror technique, patients saw a reflected image of their intact limb as they spent 15 minutes a day trying to move legs and feet. The setup gave the illusion that the missing limb was present and moving normally.
利用鏡子技術，病人每天花15分鍾活動腿腳，他們就能看到自己完好肢體的影像。這種易如反掌的做法會產生一種失去的肢體尚在，而且活動如常的幻覺。
注釋：
Setup，設備；（俚語）很容易做到的事情。看上下文，選用後者似乎比較恰當。
Another group looked at a mirror covered by an opaque sheet as they tried to perform the same task. A third group was asked to close their eyes and spend 15 minutes imagining their limb moving normally.
另一組在做相同的事情時，看的則是一麵蒙著不透明體的鏡子。第三組被要求閉上眼睛，花15分鍾時間想象自己的肢體在正常活動。
During the first four weeks of treatment, pain intensity dropped dramatically in the mirror group, going from an average score of 30 to about 7 on scale up to 100. Every person in that group reported less pain.
在頭4個星期的治療中，看鏡組的疼痛強度明顯下降，在以100分為滿分的情況下，從平均分值30分降至約7分。那個組中的每個人都報告說疼痛減輕了。
For those looking at the covered mirror, their average pain score increased to about 60, in part because only one volunteer said he felt less pain while three said their pain became worse.
對於那些觀看被蒙鏡子的人來說，他們的平均疼痛分值則增加至約60分，其中部分原因就是，隻有一個誌願者說他感覺疼痛減少了，而另外三人都說他們的痛苦加劇了。
Among people who imagined their limb moving, the pain score increased to about 60 after the first week, but then rapidly diminished.
在那些想象自己肢體在運動的人中間，疼痛分值在第一周之後上升至約60分的水平，但隨後卻迅速降低。
Then, during the next four weeks, all the patients were switched to the mirror technique. Their pain scores diminished significantly in eight out of nine cases.
在隨後的四個星期內，所有病人均改用鏡子技術。9例中有8例疼痛分值顯著減少。
"The majority of people got some relief. The range went from some relief to completely gone," Tsao said in a telephone interview. "We were surprised that the effect was so strongly positive."
“ 大多數人都得到一些緩解。程度從有一些緩解，到完全消失，”曹在接受電話訪談時說。“療效這麽好，我們真感到吃驚。”
The team is planning a similar test in people who have lost arms.
該小組正計劃在一些失去手臂的人中間進行一種類似的試驗。
The idea of mirror therapy has been around for at least a decade, but it has not been widely adopted because "there's never been a controlled study done before," Tsao said.
鏡療法已經存在至少十年之久，但至今還沒有得到廣泛應用，原因是“此前從未進行過一次對照性研究，”曹說。
注釋：
Control，利用對照物進行核實檢驗，此處不做“控製”解。
The technique may relieve pain by helping the brain reconcile what the body is feeling with what the eyes are seeing, Tsao said.
該技術可以幫助大腦來調節身體所感與眼睛所見，以此來減輕痛苦，曹表示。
"Although the underlying mechanism accounting for the success of this therapy remains to be elucidated, these results suggest that mirror therapy may be helpful in alleviating phantom pain in an amputated lower limb," his team wrote in a letter to the New England Journal of Medicine. "
“雖然這一基本性技術應歸功於這一療法的成功之說仍有待澄清，但是這些研究結果都顯示，鏡療法可能有助於減輕被截下肢的幻痛，”他的小組在一封寫給新英格蘭醫學雜誌的信中這樣表述。
"It's certainly my hope that more rehab centers will try this," Tsao said.
“將來會有更多的康複中心對此進行試驗，這當然是我的希望， ”曹如是說。
備注：
從Goggle中查詢Dr. Jack Tsao 的中文名字為曹興誠。
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