風蕭蕭_Frank
以文會友
她為美國發明原子彈，墓碑上卻刻著永遠的中國人？
熱點話題 時間 2023年5月6日
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y3hvRKuBu-8
吳健雄（1912年5月31日—1997年2月16日），女，出生於江蘇省蘇州市太倉瀏河鎮 [9]（一說出生於中國上海市 [5]），原籍江蘇太倉。美籍華裔物理學家，中國科學院外籍院士，美國國家科學院院士，美國藝術與科學院院士，台灣“中央研究院”院士。
1997年2月16日，吳健雄因病在紐約家中去世，骨灰隨後被安放在家鄉江蘇省明德中學。吳健雄逝世前曾參與美國“曼哈頓計劃”，參與製造第一顆原子彈。盡管她去世時擁有美國國籍，但家人將她的骨灰安葬在中國，墓碑上寫著“她是一位傑出的世界公民，永遠的中國人”。
那麽吳健雄在科學領域的成就到底是什麽？為什麽她幫助美國人製造了原子彈，改變了國籍，還被稱為永遠的中國人？今天，我們來認識一下“中國的居裏夫人”——吳建雄。
1997年2月16日，吳建雄因病在紐約家中逝世，骨灰被安放在她去世前的家鄉——中國江蘇省明達中學。吳建雄曾參與美國曼哈頓計劃，參與製造第一顆原子彈，盡管她去世時擁有美國國籍，但她的家人將她的骨灰埋在中國，墓碑上寫著“她是一位傑出的世界公民，永遠的中國人”。吳建雄在科學領域取得了哪些成就？她為什麽幫助美國人製造原子彈？為什麽改變了國籍，仍然被稱為永遠的中國人？今天，我們來認識一下中國的居裏夫人和吳建雄。
1936年，24歲的吳倩江
赴美留學，就讀於加州大學伯克利分校物理係，專攻核物理研究，後到波士頓著名的史密斯學院任助理教授，不久又到普林斯頓大學為參與國防項目的軍官講授物理，由於她長期與軍官的交往，以及她出色的個人能力，很快被美國當局選中，加入國防部最高級別的絕密任務曼哈頓計劃，吳倩江成為唯一一位參與製造原子彈行動的華人女性，以高級科學家身份進入哥倫比亞大學實驗室，與吳雄為美國原子彈的製造做出了相當大的貢獻，至今大多數核電站都使用鋯棒燃料棒來防止吸收氣體1945年7月16日，一聲巨響，人類曆史上第一顆原子彈在新墨西哥州的沙漠中成功引爆，這種人類曆史上威力最大、殺傷力最大的熱武器，開啟了世界軍事史的新紀元。三周後，美軍在日本廣島和長崎投下了原子彈。在這種前所未有的恐懼和恐嚇之下，第二次世界大戰終於結束，中國也結束了14年的對日戰爭。一些人認為，錢紫苑對曼哈頓計劃的貢獻對中國有著不可估量的意義。這兩顆原子彈使無數中國人免於在戰場上犧牲生命。事實上，作為唯一參與曼哈頓計劃的中國女性，我們用她獨特的方法結束了戰爭，拯救了無數在戰火中受苦受難的人們。除了諾貝爾獎獲得者 曾獲美國總統頒發的國家科學獎章 美國國家科學院頒發的康斯托克物理學獎 愛因斯坦學會頒發的愛因斯坦獎章 莫斯科理論與實驗物理研究所頒發的波美拉尼亞查克獎 以色列頒發的沃爾夫物理學獎 總之，她獲得了所有重大科學獎項，盡管她在國外取得了很高的成就 她沒有忘記自己是中國人，始終關心著中國的科研發展 她的父親吳忠義是一位教育家，在當地創辦了明達女子職業學校，成為她童年成長的重要引路人 小學畢業後，她以優異的成績考入蘇喬第二女子師範學校 18歲，她就讀於蘇喬第二女子師範學校數學係她以獎學金考入南京中央大學，由於受到居裏夫人的影響，對物理產生了濃厚的興趣，從數學係轉到物理係，在這裏真正走上了尋求科學真理的道路，也許她從未想過，多年後，自己會和居裏夫人同名，當時中國正處於內外經濟繁榮時期動亂時期，根本沒有足夠的條件讓她繼續學習物理，吳思遠思量之後，決定暫時離開祖國，到科學研究最先進的美國去學習，她知道國家和民族正處於最危險的時刻，但自己的力量太弱，隻能從美國帶回更先進的物理知識，為了實現中華民族的複興，1936年她離開家鄉，去美國留學，幾年後吳思遠愛上了著名的美籍華裔物理學家袁天罡，並與他結婚，在漫長的人生路上，她的丈夫袁天罡在她的個人生活和學術研究中都扮演了重要的角色，成為她成功道路上不可或缺的關鍵人物，他們都是愛國者，但因為當時中國正處於抗日戰爭時期，他們不能回國報效祖國，吳思遠很幸運有機會參與加速日本投降、為中華民族作出貢獻的曼哈頓計劃吳氏夫婦在中國時，對抗戰結束後蔣介石的不抵抗政策一直心懷不滿，對蔣介石建國後發動內戰感到憤怒吳氏夫婦迫切希望立即回國，但由於中美關係尚未緩和，不得不放棄，終於在1971年，隨著亨利·基辛格的來訪，中美關係恢複正常，楊振寧成為第一位回大陸訪問的中國科學家兩年後吳氏夫婦踏上了回國的旅程，他們先到廣州，然後回到家鄉拉合巷，最後來到人民大會堂此時北京的人民齊江夫婦吳、袁會見了新中國領導人之一的喬總理，就中國的科研問題談了六個多小時，為喬總理提出了許多寶貴的建議。此後，她和吳、袁連續幾年從美國回到中國講學，為本國許多科研項目提供建設性建議，並為國外提供了足夠的支持。如何才能推動我國科研工作的長遠發展吳、袁深深認識到，新中國不缺人才，缺的是良好的科研教育環境，因此，未來我國的科技發展不能隻靠一兩個名人，而必須從教育做起1978年，中國科學技術大學副校長包章默率團赴美出席在斯坦福大學舉行的電子同步加速器用戶年會，會上，她與史安武、袁向同胞詳細介紹了美國科學界的動態，並運用專業知識和經驗，對中國科學技術大學正在建設的同步加速器的工程設計提出了關鍵建議，中國科學技術大學代表團成員深受啟發，熱情邀請包章默夫婦到美國來參觀訪問他們接受邀請，對中國科學技術大學作了詳細的考察和分析，並向全校師生作了兩次關於八十年代中微子和高能物理研究及高能加速器的進展的報告，幫助學生接觸當今世界上最先進的物理知識。1984年9月，中國科學技術大學國家同步輻射實驗室即將破土動工，袁將再次回到祖國，在美國的歲月裏提供學術指導。他們始終關心著中國科技實力的發展和科技人才的培養，因此，在1997年江建去世後，她囑咐家人把她的骨灰安葬在家鄉的明達中學，以激勵每一位學生為中國科學的發展而努力。雖然江建吳小暉沒有獲得諾貝爾獎，但她有比諾貝爾獎更珍貴的東西。在北京大學為她舉行的紀念大會上，李章道先生引用居裏夫人的話來評價她。我們不僅要記住她在工作中的成就，還要記住她的成功和知識，她的高尚品德和人格，這些對未來和曆史都至關重要。吳建江沒有獲得諾貝爾獎，她在物理學領域的貢獻，以及她為人類和平發展所做的努力，足以讓她揚名立萬，雖然身在異國他鄉，她和熊老師依然默默地為中國科技發展貢獻著自己的每一點知識和經驗，她永遠是中國人，謝謝觀看，如果您有什麽建議，請在評論區留言，我們會盡快回來查看，然後給予反饋，下次見
She invented the atomic bomb for the USA, but the tombstone is engraved an eternal Chinese？
Hot Topics Time 2023年5月6日
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y3hvRKuBu-8
On February 16, 1997, Wu Jianxiong or Chien-Shiung Wu passed away due to illness at her home in New York. Her ashes were later placed in Mingde High School in Jiangsu Province, China, which is her hometown. Before her passing, Wu had participated in the American "Manhattan Project" and helped manufacture the first atomic bomb. Despite holding American citizenship at the time of her death, her family buried her ashes in China, with her tombstone reading, "She was an outstanding global citizen and a forever Chinese person."
So what were Chien-Shiung Wu's achievements in the scientific field? Why did she help the Americans make an atomic bomb, change her citizenship, and still be referred to as a forever Chinese person? Today, let's get to know "China's Madame Curie" - Chien-Shiung Wu.
on February 16 1997 Wu jinxiong or
chianchiung Wu passed away due to
illness at her home in New York
her ashes were later placed in mingda
high school in jonsu Province China
which is her hometown before her passing Wu had participated
in the American Manhattan Project and
helped manufacture the first atomic bomb
despite holding American citizenship at
the time of her death her family buried
her ashes in China with her tombstone
reading she was an outstanding Global
Citizen and a forever Chinese person
so what were Chien Chiang Woo's achievements in the scientific field
why did she help the Americans make an
atomic bomb change her citizenship and
still be referred to as a forever
Chinese person today let's get to know China's Madame
Curie Chi and Chiang woo.
in 1936 24 year old chian Chiang Wu
traveled to the United States to study
at the University of California
Berkeley's physics department
she specialized in nuclear physics
research afterwards she went to the famous Smith
college in Boston as an assistant
professor and soon moved to Princeton
University to teach physics to Military
Officers participating in defense
programs because of her long-term
interaction with Military Officers as
well as her outstanding personal
abilities who was quickly selected by
the U.S authorities to join the highest
level of the defense Department's top
secret mission the Manhattan Project Wu
became the only Chinese woman to
participate in the action of making
atomic bombs entering the laboratory at
Columbia University as a senior
scientist she and xiong Wu made a
considerable contribution to the
production of the American atomic bomb
to this day most nuclear power plants
use zirconium alliclet fuel rods to
prevent the gas that absorbs neutrons
from spilling out which was inspired by
Wu's work on July 16 1945 with a loud
noise the first atomic bomb in human
history was successfully detonated in a
desert in New Mexico this thermal weapon
the most power powerful and lethal in
human history ushered in a new era in
World military history three weeks later
the U.S military dropped atomic bombs on
Hiroshima and Nagasaki in Japan
under this unprecedented fear and
intimidation World War II finally ended
and China ended its 14-year war against
Japan because of this some believe that
Chien Shion was contribution to the
Manhattan Project has an immeasurable
significance for China these two atomic bombs spared countless
Chinese people from sacrificing their
lives on the battlefield indeed as the
only Chinese woman to participate in the
Manhattan Project we used her unique
methods to end the war and rescue
countless people suffering in the Flames
of War thank you aside from the Nobel Prize who has
received the national medal of science
presented by the president of the United
States The Comstock Prize in physics
awarded by the National Academy of
Sciences the Albert Einstein medal from
the Albert Einstein Society the pomeran
Chuck prize from The Institute of
theoretical and experimental physics in
Moscow and the Wolf Prize in physics
from Israel in short she has won every major
scientific award that exists despite her
High achievements in foreign countries
who has not forgotten that she is a
Chinese and always cares about the
development of scientific research in
China her father zhongi Wu was an
educator who founded the mingda women's
Vocational School locally and became an
important guide for her growth in
childhood after graduating from
elementary school who was admitted to
sujo's Second girl's normal school with
excellent grades at the age of 18 she was enrolled in the
Department of Mathematics at Nanjing
Central University with a scholarship
due to the influence of Madame Curie she
had a great interest in physics and
transferred from the Department of
Mathematics to the Department of physics
here what truly embarked on the path of
seeking scientific truth perhaps she never imagined that she
would be named with Madame Curie years
later at that time China was in a period
of internal and external turmoil and
there were simply not enough conditions
for her to further study Physics
after thinking it over Wu decided to
temporarily leave her motherland and go
to the United States where scientific
research was most advanced to study who
knew that the country and the nation
were in the most dangerous moment but
her own strength was too weak
she can only bring back more advanced
physics Knowledge from the United States
to achieve the Rejuvenation of the
Chinese nation in 1936 will left her
hometown and went to the United States
to study a few years later Wu fell in love with
and married Yuan T Ali a well-known
chinese-american physicist on the long
road of Life her husband Yuan T Ali
played a great role in both her personal
life and academic research becoming an
indispensable key figure on her path to
success both of them were patriots but
because China was in the period of the
war of resistance against Japan they
could not return home to serve their
country fortunately Wu had the opportunity to
participate in the Manhattan Project
which accelerated Japan's surrender and
contributed to the Chinese Nation when
Wu and Yuan T Lee were in China they
were always dissatisfied with Chiang
kai-shek's policy of non-resistance
after the end of the war of resistance
they were angry with Chiang kaishek for
launching the civil war after the
founding of the People's Republic of
China Wu and her husband were eager to
return to their motherland immediately
but they had to give up due to the fact
that the relationship between China and
the United States had not yet eased
finally in 1971 with the visit of Henry
Kissinger sino-us relations returned to
normal and Chen ning Yang was the first
Chinese scientist to return to the
mainland for a visit two years later Wu
and her husband embarked on their
Journey back to China they first arrived in Guangzhou then
returned to their hometown of lahexiang
and finally came to the Great Hall of
the people in Beijing at this point the
couple Chi and Chiang Wu and Yuan met
with Premier Johan lay one of the
leaders of New China they talked about the scientific
research issues of China for more than
six hours providing Premier Joe with
many valuable suggestions since then she
and she on Wu and Yuan have returned to
China from the United States for several
consecutive years to give lectures and
provide constructive suggestions for
many scientific research projects in
their home country as well as offering
sufficient support foreign.
how can we promote the long-term
development of scientific research work
in China Wu and Yuan deeply understand that new
China does not lack talent but rather a
good educational environment for
scientific research therefore the
scientific and technological development
of China cannot rely solely on one or
two famous people in the future but must
start with education in 1978 vice
president Bao zhangmo of the University
of Science and Technology of China led a
delegation to the United States to
attend the annual meeting of users of
electron synchrotron accelerators held
at Stanford University at the meeting
she and shianwu and Yuan gave a detailed
introduction to their compatriots on the
Dynamics of the U.S scientific community
and used their Professional Knowledge
and experience to make key suggestions
for the engineering design of the
synchrotron accelerator that the
University of Science and Technology of
China was building the members of the
delegation from the University of
Science and Technology of China were
deeply inspired and warmly invited the
couple to visit them accepted the invitation and made a
detailed investigation and Analysis of
the University of Science and Technology
of China they also gave two reports to
the faculty and students neutrinos in
the 1980s and progress in high energy
physics research and high energy
accelerators to help students access the
most advanced physics knowledge in the
world today in September 1984 the
national synchrotron radiation
laboratory of the University of Science
and Technology of China was about to
break ground and Yuan and will once
again return to their home country to
provide academic guidance
during their years in the United States
they were always concerned about the
development of China's scientific and
technological strength and the
cultivation of scientific and
technological talents therefore after
Chien Chiang was death in 1997 she asked
her family to bury her ashes in mingda
Middle School in her hometown in order
to inspire every student to strive for
the development of Chinese science
although Chien Chiang Wu did not receive
the Nobel Prize she has something more
precious than the Nobel Prize at the
commemorative Conference held for her at
Peking University Mr Lee Zhang Dao
quoted Madame Curie to evaluate her
we should not only remember her
achievements in her work but also her
success and knowledge her noble
character and morality and personality
which are crucial for the future and
history although Chien Chiang Wu did not
receive the Nobel Prize her
contributions to the field of physics
and her efforts for the peaceful
development of mankind are enough to
make a name even though she is in a
foreign country she and xiong was still
silently contributes every bit of her
knowledge and experience to the
development of Science and Technology in
China she is a Chinese forever well thanks for
watching if you have any suggestions just leave
them in the comments section
we'll come back as soon as possible and
check them and then we'll give feedback
see you next time
