Joseph Stiglitz 對民主的未來表示擔憂

約瑟夫·斯蒂格利茨對民主的未來表示擔憂；警告美國發生的事情也可能發生在其他地方

讀賣新聞  畠山智子/日本新聞特約撰稿人 2024 年 3 月 13 日

哥倫比亞大學教授約瑟夫·斯蒂格利茨周三在東京讀賣國際經濟學會組織的一場講座上發表講話。

哥倫比亞大學教授約瑟夫·斯蒂格利茨 (Joseph Stiglitz) 周三在東京發表演講時表示，根據定於11月舉行的美國總統選舉結果, "世界其他國家將必須弄清楚在沒有這種民主領導的情況下如何開展工作。"

他補充說，“在特朗普或拜登的領導下，美國將繼續出現強烈的遠離全球化的運動。反華政策將成為外交政策和經濟政策的核心部分。兩國都將繼續實施產業政策，”這位在比爾·克林頓政府期間擔任美國經濟顧問委員會主席的諾貝爾經濟學獎獲得者說道。“（特朗普和拜登之間）的區別在於對民主及其所包含的一切的堅定信念。”

斯蒂格利茨周三在讀賣國際經濟學會組織的一次演講中發表題為“重新思考資本主義和市場經濟”的演講，他表示，美國和其他國家政府奉行基於新自由主義資本主義思維的政策，例如放鬆管製和自由市場經濟， 這導致經濟增長放緩、不平等擴大和經濟不穩定。 他還指出，“日本作為最平等國家之一的地位正在減弱，現在是發達國家中排名第十的最不平等國家。”

他還表示，“極端的不平等為煽動者和右翼民粹主義提供了肥沃的土壤，你可以在美國看到這種極端形式。美國發生的事情是對其他地方可能發生的事情的警告。”

斯蒂格利茨表示，隨著氣候變化和老齡化等全球共同挑戰的出現，”我們需要對我們的經濟、政治和社會體係進行更加協調和全麵的變革”,他認為政府應該通過引入以下措施來增強其在社會中的作用： 在所謂的進步資本主義或新資本主義概念下製定適當的法規和競爭規則。

Joseph Stiglitz Expresses Concern About the Future of Democracy; Warns What Happens in U.S. Could Happen Elsewhere

https://japannews.yomiuri.co.jp/business/yies/20240313-174424/

The Yomiuri Shimbun

By Tomoko Hatakeyama/Japan March 13, 2024

Columbia University Prof. Joseph Stiglitz speaks at a lecture organized by the Yomiuri International Economic Society in Tokyo on Wednesday.

Columbia University Prof. Joseph Stiglitz said in a speech in Tokyo on Wednesday that depending on the outcome of the U.S. presidential election scheduled for November, “The rest of the world will have to figure out how to work without that kind of leadership [of democracy].”

He added, “The U.S. will continue to have under Trump or Biden a strong movement away from globalization. An anti-China policy will be a central part of foreign policy and economic policy. Both will continue with industrial policies,” said the Nobel Prize laureate in economics, who served as a chairman of the U.S. Council of Economic Advisers during the Bill Clinton administration. “The difference [between Trump and Biden] is the strong belief in democracy, and all that that it entails.”

Stiglitz, who spoke Wednesday on “Rethinking Capitalism and the Market Economy” at a lecture organized by the Yomiuri International Economic Society, said that the U.S. and other governments have pursued policies based on neoliberal capitalist thinking, such as deregulation and free-market economics, which have led to slower economic growth, widening inequality, and an unstable economy. He also pointed out that “Japan standing as one of the most equal countries is weakening and it’s now the 10th most unequal country in the advanced world.”

He also said, “The extremes of inequality have provided a fertile field for demagogues and right-wing populism, which you see in the extreme form in the U.S. What has happened in the U.S. is a warning of what could happen elsewhere.”

With the rise of common global challenges such as climate change and aging, Stiglitz said, “What is needed is a more concerted and comprehensive change in our economic, political and social system,” arguing that the government should increase its role in society by introducing appropriate regulations and competition rules under the concepts of so-called progressive capitalism or new capitalism.