地下帝國 美國如何武器化世界經濟

地下帝國：美國如何武器化世界經濟

Underground Empire: How America Weaponized the World Economy 

作者：亨利·法雷爾、亞伯拉罕·紐曼，2023 年 9 月 12 日

一項深入研究的調查揭示了美國如何像蜘蛛一樣處於國際監視和控製網絡的中心，並以光纖電纜和模糊的支付係統等全球網絡的形式編織該網絡

美國安全國家在 9/11 事件後首次開始將這些渠道武器化，當時它們似乎是打擊恐怖主義的必需品，但現在它們已成為理所當然的事情。 AT&T 和花旗集團等跨國公司建立樞紐，它們用來賺錢，但政府也可以將其部署為咽喉要道。 今天有關貿易戰、製裁和技術爭端的頭條新聞隻是暗示著表麵之下更大的地震變化。

華盛頓緩慢但堅定地把世界經濟最重要的路徑變成了統治外國企業和國家的工具，無論它們是競爭對手還是盟友，從而使美國能夠維持全球霸主地位。 在這個過程中，我們夢遊般地進入了一場新的帝國鬥爭。 亨利·法雷爾和亞伯拉罕·紐曼利用真實的故事、領域定義的發現和原創報道，展示了冷戰後經濟中最普通的方麵如何成為詭計和脅迫的領域，以及我們必須采取哪些措施來確保這種新武器 種族不會失控。

Underground Empire: How America Weaponized the World Economy 

https://www.amazon.ca/Underground-Empire-America-Weaponized-Economy/dp/1250840554

By Henry Farrell, Abraham Newman， Sept. 12 2023

A deeply researched investigation that reveals how the United States is like a spider at the heart of an international web of surveillance and control, which it weaves in the form of globe-spanning networks such as fiber optic cables and obscure payment systems

America’s security state first started to weaponize these channels after 9/11, when they seemed like necessities to combat terrorism―but now they’re a matter of course. Multinational companies like AT&T and Citicorp build hubs, which they use to make money, but which the government can also deploy as choke points. Today’s headlines about trade wars, sanctions, and technology disputes are merely tremors hinting at far greater seismic shifts beneath the surface.

Slowly but surely, Washington has turned the most vital pathways of the world economy into tools of domination over foreign businesses and countries, whether they are rivals or allies, allowing the U.S. to maintain global supremacy. In the process, we have sleepwalked into a new struggle for empire. Using true stories, field-defining findings, and original reporting, Henry Farrell and Abraham Newman show how the most ordinary aspects of the post–Cold War economy have become realms of subterfuge and coercion, and what we must do to ensure that this new arms race doesn’t spiral out of control.

亨利·法雷爾教授
Henry Farrell 是約翰·霍普金斯大學高級國際研究學院 SNF Agora 研究所教授、曾擔任喬治華盛頓大學和多倫多大學的教授、伍德羅·威爾遜國際學者中心的研究員以及德國波恩馬克斯·普朗克項目組的高級研究員。研究主題包括民主、互聯網政治以及國際和比較政治經濟學。 著有《信任的政治經濟學：利益、機構和企業間合作》 2009 ，《隱私與權力：跨大西洋的自由與安全之戰》 2019，還撰寫或合著了 34 篇學術文章，以及多部書籍章節和大量非學術出版物。 他是外交關係委員會的成員。

亞伯拉罕·紐曼教授
Abraham L. Newman 是喬治城大學埃德蒙·A·沃爾什外交學院政府學和埃德蒙·A·沃爾什外交學院教授。 他是莫塔拉國際研究中心主任。 他的研究重點是全球化產生的政治，是《隱私與權力：跨大西洋自由與安全鬥爭》2019，《自願中斷：國際軟法、金融和權力》2018，《隱私保護者：全球經濟中的個人數據監管》2008 ，《數字革命如何革命性》2006。 作品發表在一係列期刊《比較政治研究》、《國際組織》、《國際安全》、《科學》和《世界政治》。

Professor Henry Farrell
Henry Farrell is SNF Agora Institute Professor at Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies, 2019 winner of the Friedrich Schiedel Prize for Politics and Technology, and Editor in Chief of the Monkey Cage blog at the Washington Post. He has previously been a professor at George Washington University and the University of Toronto, a fellow at the Woodrow Wilson Center for International Scholars, and a senior research fellow at the Max-Planck Project Group in Bonn, Germany. He works on a variety of topics, including democracy, the politics of the Internet and international and comparative political economy. His first book, The Political Economy of Trust: Interests, Institutions and Inter-Firm Cooperation, was published in 2009 by Cambridge University Press. His second (with Abraham Newman) Of Privacy and Power: The Transatlantic Fight over Freedom and Security, was published in 2019 by Princeton University Press, and has been awarded the 2019 Chicago-Kent College of Law / Roy C. Palmer Civil Liberties Prize and the ISA-ICOMM Best Book Award. In addition he has authored or co-authored 34 academic articles, as well as several book chapters and numerous non-academic publications. He is a member of the Council on Foreign Relations.

Abraham Newman
Abraham L. Newman is professor of Government and the Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service at Georgetown University. He is the Director of the Mortara Center for International Studies. His research focuses on the politics generated by globalization and is the co-author Of Privacy and Power: The Transatlantic Struggle over Freedom and Security (Princeton University Press 2019), which was the winner of the 2019 Chicago-Kent College of Law / Roy C. Palmer Civil Liberties Prize, the 2020 International Studies Association ICOMM Best Book Award, and one of Foreign Affairs’ Best Books of 2019, co-author of Voluntary Disruptions: International Soft Law, Finance and Power (Oxford University Press 2018), author of Protectors of Privacy: Regulating Personal Data in the Global Economy (Cornell University Press 2008) and the co-editor of How Revolutionary was the Digital Revolution (Stanford University Press 2006). His work has appeared in a range of journals including Comparative Political Studies, International Organization, International Security, Science, and World Politics. 

Review

"A revelatory book."
―Paul Krugman, The New York Times

"The U.S. has made use of a novel, often mysterious set of tools for rewarding those who help it and punishing those who cross it. That set of tools is now a bit less mysterious, thanks to Henry Farrell and Abraham Newman. Their book Underground Empire reveals how the U.S. benefits from a set of institutions built up late last century as neutral means of streamlining global markets."
―Christopher Caldwell, The New York Times

“Farrell and Newman’s book is like an MRI or CT scan of recent world history, giving us a new and startling image of the global body politic, as clear as an X-ray. Cognitive mapping takes on a new aspect with their analysis, as they shift from the technological to the historical, showing both how this new nervous system of world power came to be, and how it could be put to better use than it is now. Given the intertwined complexities of our very dangerous polycrisis, we need their insights.”
―Kim Stanley Robinson, author of The Ministry for the Future

“Underground Empire is an astonishing explanation of how power really works. From fiber optic cables to the financial system, Farrell and Newman show how the networks that knit us together are also powerful coercive tools, providing a subtle and revelatory account of how the United States learned to weaponize its dominance of the world order’s plumbing. A riveting read, essential for understanding how economic and technological power is wielded today.”
―Chris Miller, author of Chip War

“An eye-opening journey into the hidden networks that power the high-tech world, where all roads lead not to Silicon Valley but to suburban Washington DC, bankers and spies matter as much as tech entrepreneurs, and an industry built by the Cold War has become a geopolitical battleground once again. A truly important book to explain―and move beyond―our tumultuous times.”
―Margaret O’Mara, author of The Code

“The sharpest and most striking analysis I’ve seen in years of the state the world’s in, cunningly disguised as a user-friendly business book.”
―Francis Spufford, author of Golden Hill

“Underground Empire tells a riveting story about the deep forces that have shaped our present moment. The book is a portrait not of a single protagonist or event, but rather a system that shapes much of the world today: a web of dollars and data that has, half accidentally, given the United States a new kind of geopolitical control over both its enemies and allies. It is history written in its most powerful form: a view of the recent past that gives us a new lens to better discern our future.”
―Steven Johnson, author of How We Got to Now

If you want to understand where the world economy has been and where it may be headed, you need to read this book.
―Dani Rodrik, author of The Globalization Paradox

"Like an iceberg, most of the power and almost all the mechanisms of economic coercion are below the surface, in the very infrastructure that undergirds international commerce. . . . Underground Empire should rightly stimulate much discussion."
―Wesley K. Clark, The Washington Monthly

"The publication of Underground Empire could not be more timely. Henry Farrell and Abraham Newman offer an important corrective to a dominant narrative in US foreign policy circles that positions the US and other Western governments as innocent by-standers, caught off-guard by their main rivals."
―Times Literary Supplement

"Farrell and Newman set out a compelling thesis, defend it well, and tell a fascinating tale. And when they finish, they leave you with a way to make sense of things that seem senseless and terrible. This may not make those things less terrible, but at least they're comprehensible."
―Cory Doctorow, author of Little Brother

"Farrell and Newman write fluidly and grippingly. . . . As the book jumps from nondescript Northern Virginia office parks housing America’s intelligence establishment, to the boardrooms of mid-20th-century New York banks, to sanctions-dodging tankers traversing the Indian Ocean, it’s not hard to detect the influence of techno-thriller writers such as Neal Stephenson."
―The Washington Post

"Farrell and Newman describe the rise over the past 50 years of what they call America’s 'network imperialism.' In an era where markets were supposedly becoming ever-more disembedded from states, the authors show that the opposite was the case.... The vision one leaves their book with is one of great-power conflict where, as usual, those at the bottom of the world’s hierarchy of wealth continue to suffer the most, with no refuge in sight."
―Quinn Slobodian, The New Statesman

"Captivating. . . . A gripping account."
―Financial Times