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來自秋爽齋
戲言中英雙關妙語
說到文字幽默大師,紀曉嵐是很多人的最愛。我們就用大師的雙關語作為開篇。
曉嵐的幽默乾隆爺愛自不用說,連太監們也喜歡,有事沒事常要纏著紀大人講故事。曉嵐無奈有時隻得耐住性子給太監們講故事。一次,太監們又纏上紀大人。紀大人躲不開,就隻能講一個,於是,就開始說: "從前宮裏有個太監,......"。然後停頓下來,故作深沉地看著這群聽眾......。太監們等急了,就催問: 下邊呢? 紀大人就說: 下邊沒了! 眾太監更是要追問: 下邊怎麽沒了? 紀大人反問: 是啊,你們下邊怎麽沒了? 眾太監頓時醒悟,群起要揍打紀曉嵐......。
雙關語,顧名思義,講究的就是一詞雙義或多義。好的雙關語,除了字麵意思外,還要有與當時景物相關的第二層意思,而這二層意思最好還得有這樣的效果: 要讓人的思維從左腦到右腦轉一圈之後,然後才猛然噴笑。這紀昀不愧是高手啊,這"下邊沒了"可以是故事下邊沒了,也可以是太監下邊......,嗨,這大家肯定都明白......。
美國人的日常會話裏,那雙關語更是隨處可見。今天,一位男同事來了跟另一位MM同事說,昨天他請假在家耽誤了工作,所以今天他要do a lot of makeup(有點不好意思);MM同事安慰他說: Oh, Ed. You don't have to do any makeup. You look very pretty already. 這裏,make up的意思可以是"把落下的工作趕出來",也可以是靚女化妝。MM同事用這雙關語,既安慰了男同事不用著急,又揶揄了一把緩和了氣氛--典型的美國幽默。
還是今天,共和黨候選人Mitt Romney贏了Michigan的Primary,一掃往日的頹廢,重新恢複信心,義氣分發,鬥誌昂揚。美國侯選人,個個中山狼,得誌便猖狂。今天Romney槍口瞄準了民主黨,號召選民千萬不能選Obama或Clinton。他在批評對手的經濟政策時說: "Obama and Clinton, all they have been talking about is: 'It's time for change. American people need changes'. But what I want to tell folks is this: if you'll vote for either one of them, you'll only get what's left in your pocket--changes". 這一例是美國政治人物的幽默,changes可以是美國民眾尋求的政治改變(相當於中國的改革),但也可以是人們錢包裏的零錢、小錢。
第三例: 在教室裏老師Norman正在循循善誘輕聲細語啟發小學生思考:
Teacher: Jason, please tell us: what are the three words that we use most in the classroom?
Jason: I don't know, Miss Norman
Teacher: That's correct. Very good, Jason.
你說Jason是答對了還是答錯了? 他是知道教室裏用的最多的是哪三個字還是不知道? 這老師也糊塗,Jason說了三個詞沒錯,但你能確定他說的是問題的答案還是他根本就不知道答案!
有點亂吧? 這就是雙關語的妙用。雙關語,英文簡稱pun,全名是paronomasia。它專門利用近音詞同音異義詞等造成錯覺,讓人認錯詞會錯義,從而產生幽默。Puns是英美幽默的主要來源之一,我們再簡單列出數例:
1. Did you know that John was once injured all on his left-side? He is all right now.
你說這John他左邊全部受傷後是康複了呢還是隻剩下右邊了?
2. A dentist and a manicurist fought tooth and nail.
這是怎麽回事? 牙醫和美容師打得又是咬又是掐? 還是牙醫和美容師是專門為人護理牙齒和手指甲的?
3. When she saw her first strands of gray hair, she thought she'd dye.
當她第一次看到頭上有白頭發,她是認為她將不久於人世? 還是要去把白發染了?(這pun隻在口語中體現)
4. Adolescence─when a lad forsakes his bosom buddy for a bosomed buddy.
青春時期--少年丟棄玩伴、追求異性的時候。
5. Two banks with different rates have a conflict of interest.
兩家銀行利息不同,就一定有利益衝突?
6. An elevator operator kept calling every boy as 'Son'. Once a rude teenager tried to talk him back and said, "Do remember that I am NOT your son and YOU are NOT my father." The operator calmly said, "I brought you up, didn't
I?"
你說這開電梯的究竟是不是那孩子他爹?
7. 一位母親寫道: My daughter told me that Saudi Arabia is free of mental illness because there are nomad ( no mad) people there. My husband was once on a trip to that country to find some prospects for oil, but he got pretty
sick there and I sent him a 'Get Well Soon' card.
沙特阿拉伯真是個好地方嗎? 又有石油又沒有精神病?
英文的puns大家一定見過不少,有好的不妨拿出來與大家分享。
最後我們還是用一個打油對來作結束語,裏麵有個pun,大家一定能看出來:
妓女罷工時,
抗戰勝利日。