耶穌受難日 (Good Friday)

今天是Good Friday，基督徒一個非常神聖的節日。

大約兩千年的一個周四，耶穌跟他的門徒吃了最後的晚餐，之後被猶大出賣，被捕。第二天即周五，耶穌曆經審訊，被定罪，最後被釘在十字架上，幾小時後死去。周六，耶穌被埋葬在石穴裏。第三天即周日，耶穌複活升天。耶穌在世上的最後幾天，大概就是這麽一個過程，新約裏的四個福音書裏都有記載，而且基本相同。

耶穌死而複活是基督教的立教之本，也是基督徒們對後世最大的盼望。

這麽一個神聖的節日，為什麽叫 Good Friday？耶穌被出賣、被捕、受難，本是個很悲慘的事件，有何美好而言？

存疑已經很久了，一直沒搞明白。今天好奇手癢，遛狗找到了幾篇科普。

其中一篇是這麽解釋的：

Why is Good Friday called Good Friday?

There is some dispute as to the origins of the label, with some suggesting that it is a corruption of “God's Friday” and other experts stating that the adjective “good” is simply used to denote any holy day observed by the church.

見 https://inews.co.uk/news/good-friday-why-called-good-friday-meaning-easter-date-name-explained-why-celebrated-1577015

下麵是另一篇的解釋：

What's So Good about Good Friday?

Still, why call the day of Jesus' death “Good Friday” instead of “Bad Friday” or something similar? Some Christian traditions do take this approach: in German, for example, the day is called Karfreitag, or “Sorrowful Friday.” In English, in fact, the origin of the term “Good” is debated: some believe it developed from an older name, “God's Friday.” Regardless of the origin, the name Good Friday is entirely appropriate because the suffering and death of Jesus, as terrible as it was, marked the dramatic culmination of God's plan to save his people from their sins.

見 https://www.christianity.com/god/jesus-christ/what-s-so-good-about-good-friday.htmlz

其他的解釋更複雜，比如這篇 https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06643a.htm ，就不刨根問底去追究了。

中文怎麽翻譯？總不能翻譯成“美好的周五”吧。對非基督徒而言，或許真的是個美好的周五，因為他們跟著沾光，享受一個春光明媚、百花盛開的節假日和長周末。

查了一下，發現最常見的翻譯是“聖周五”、“耶穌受難日”和“受難節”。

咱覺得，“耶穌受難日”比較通俗易懂，尤其是對非基督徒。

另：每年的複活節（Easter）是這樣確定的：

The simple standard definition of Easter is that it is the first Sunday after the full Moon that occurs on or after the spring equinox (March 20). If the full Moon falls on a Sunday then Easter is the next Sunday.