胡豆也叫蠶豆、羅漢豆、夏豆等，它是在西漢時期由張騫自西域傳入，故名胡豆。胡豆的營養價值很高，從嫩苗到成熟的種子都能夠當蔬菜食用。在豆類蔬菜中，胡豆是很重要的一種食用豆，可以用來涼拌、炒菜，還可以做成各種各樣的小零食。那麽胡豆的營養價值到底怎麽樣，胡豆怎麽吃好吃呢？
由於胡豆的營養豐富而全麵，所以胡豆的營養價值是很高的。胡豆含有豐富的蛋白質，其含量在豆類中僅次於大豆。胡豆含含有豐富的碳水化合物、膳食纖維。另外，胡豆還含有多種維生素、膽堿、磷脂以及鈣、鐵、磷、鎂、鉀等微量元素。因此，人們可以經常食用胡豆來補充身體所需的各種營養成分。
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胡豆是藥食兼具的食物，對於胡豆的營養價值及功效，中醫認為，胡豆有健脾養胃、清熱止血、降血壓的功效，適用於睥胃虛弱、中氣不足、高血壓、咯血、小便不利等症。
胡豆中富含鈣、鋅、錳等營養成分，它們有助於調節大腦及神經組織。此外，胡豆還富含膽石堿，可以提升記憶力、健腦。而胡豆中含有少量的鈣，這很適合青少年食用，有助於身體骨骼的發育。
胡豆富含蛋白質，且沒有膽固醇，在給人體提供豐富營養的同時，還不會導致心血管疾病的患病危險。胡豆中的維生素C有助於緩解動脈硬化。而胡豆皮中含有的豐富纖維素，則有促進腸胃蠕動，有預防便秘的作用。
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胡豆糯米飯
原料：胡豆250克，糯米500克。
做法：1、胡豆浸泡發漲，去皮，放入沸水鍋中煮至八成熟時撈出；
2、將粳米淘淨後，用煮過胡豆的湯浸泡一夜，次日把糯米和胡豆攪拌均勻，上蒸籠蒸大約1小時，即可食用。
功效：補虛健脾，和胃調中，對於年老體弱脾胃不和，食之有保健作用。
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胡豆燉牛肉
原料：胡豆250克，牛肉500克，精鹽6克，味精2克，料酒10克，薑片5克。
做法：1、將牛瘦肉放入鍋中，加入清水800毫升，置火上稍煮後撈出，切成塊。
2、將鍋置於旺火上，放入牛瘦肉塊、胡豆、精鹽、料酒、薑片和清水1000毫升，燒沸後改用小火慢慢燉至牛瘦肉塊爛熟，撒上味精即可。
功效：消腫、抗癌、延緩動脈硬化，對胃癌、食道癌、子宮頸癌等病症有一定食療效果。
10 Amazing Health Benefits And Nutritional Value Of Fava Beans
By Nithya Shrikant October 12, 2017
http://www.stylecraze.com/articles/health-benefits-and-nutritional-value-of-fava-beans/#gref
Have you ever wondered how beneficial fava beans are? And do you know that they can be consumed without having to worry about weight gain? A master source of protein and soluble fiber, these beans are free from saturated fat, making it a good delicacy to be enjoyed along with many other benefits.
And would you like to know what these benefits are? Go ahead and read!
1. Good For The Heart:
1 cup of fava beans yields 36 grams of soluble fiber. Studies suggest that ingestion of soluble fiber laden foods can help in keeping the levels of cholesterol, as well as blood sugar under control [1]. These fiber variants also help in lowering the levels of low-density lipoprotein or the bad cholesterol, and thus shield your heart.
[ Read: Benefits Of Green Beans ]
2. Aids In Weight Loss:
You get about 40 grams of protein from 1 cup serving of fava beans. According to the European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, people who consumed a meal rich in high protein and high fiber were able to see better results than those who were on a high-carbohydrate, low-fat diet. The total fat loss was also higher while there was a dip in the net cholesterol levels. [2]
3. Packed With Nutrients:
Fava beans are laden with nutrients in abundance. The broad beans are treasure troves of assorted minerals and vitamins. Some of those include magnesium, potassium, iron, copper, phosphorous, vitamin B1, and thiamin, with just ¼ cup yielding 10% to 19% of recommended daily allowance.
While vitamin B1 is essential for the normal functioning of your central nervous system, copper plays a vital role in keeping your immunity, bloodstream, and bones balanced and healthy.
Magnesium and phosphorus are essential for maintaining the blood pressure levels and bone health, while iron is the oxygen transporter. [3]
4. Good Source Of Folate And Manganese:
Fava beans are a super good source of manganese and folate. While the former plays a quintessential role in protein and carbohydrate metabolism, folate is known to be required for cardiac health, immunity, and synthesis of red blood corpuscles. [4]
[ Read: Benefits Of Kidney Beans/ Rajma ]
5. Aids In Combating Depression:
Yes, this broad bean could help in combating depression. According to studies, the beans, packed richly with the amino acid dopamine, can do wonders in improving your mood and thus help in alleviating depressive conditions.
6. Helps In Avoiding Hungry Pangs:
Fava beans are loaded with a good dose of protein and fiber. Studies suggest that fiber and protein help in keeping you fuller for a longer time [5]. It is comparatively a low-calorie delight, with ½ a cup of boiled fava beans giving just 95 calories. Smash a handful of cooked beans with spices of your choice and use it as a spread on your whole grain toast for a tasty snack.
7. Good For Pregnant Women:
Pregnant women need iron and calcium [6]. Fava beans are an ideal food that a woman can enjoy during pregnancy and lactation. While the beans meet about 14% of RDA of iron, they are also known to render adequate amount of calcium. The constipation experienced during pregnancy is also kept at bay as these beans are laden with soluble fiber. It also easily fills a pregnant woman up and gives her sufficient energy.
8. Good For Treating Parkinson’s Disease:
Fava beans are good sources of levodopa. Levodopa is the same chemical you can find in drugs used to treat Parkinson’s disease [7]. While the amount of this chemical could vary depending on the type of fava beans, 3 ounces of fresh, green fava beans roughly yield 50 mg to 100 mg of this chemical.
According to studies conducted on the impact of this legume on Parkinson’s disease, the pods could offer relief from the symptoms of this condition in a better way than traditional drugs. People who are suffering from this mental disorder could include about 4 ounces of these beans a day for better coping up with the condition.
9. Good Source Of Vitamin C:
Fava beans are a good source of vitamin C. And, this vitamin, as all of you know, is a very powerful antioxidant. The antioxidant nature of vitamin C helps in eliminating the free radicals, which, when left unharnessed, induce oxidative damages [8]. These oxidative damages further trigger the onset of premature aging signs such as fine lines and wrinkles, various types of cancers, and even weaken your immune system. 100 grams of the raw beans give you 1.4 mg vitamin C.
[ Read: Benefits Of Mung Beans ]
10. Helps In Maintaining The Balance Of Fluids In Your Body:
Being a good source of potassium, you can always rely on these variants of beans maintain the balance of the pH levels in your body. Adequate levels of potassium are essential for the normal functioning of body cells, rhythmic heartbeat, and muscle functioning [9]. Just ensure that you are not exceeding the allotted limit or falling short of it.
Now that you know about the goodness of fava beans, here is a sneak preview into the nutritional facts of these protein rich foods.
Canadian Poisonous Plants Information System - Broad Bean
General Poisoning Notes:
Broad bean (Vicia faba) is a cultivated plant that is grown occasionally in Canada. The beans are used as human food and are being evaluated as a protein supplement for livestock. Broad beans are not poisonous to humans in the conventional sense, but they cause favism in susceptible individuals. These individuals have a genetically transmitted, male sex-linked deficiency to the enzyme glucose-6- phosphate dehydrogenase. Certain groups such as Oriental Jews, Mediterranean Europeans, Arabs, Asians, and blacks may have the deficiency. The disease can cause death in severe cases. Livestock, including swine, have also been poisoned from ingesting high quantities of beans. Dietary broad beans can also cause metabolic problems in poultry. It is important to note that nonsusceptible persons who eat broad beans are not at risk (Kingsbury 1964, Cooper and Johnson 1984, Cheeke and Schull 1985, Roy and Spencer 1989).
不用謝，蠶豆營養價值高，保健功能強。