葉慈情詩禪詩《情殤》（八六子二闋）

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葉慈情詩禪詩《情殤》（八六子二闋）

傅正明譯

W. B. Yeats

 

1. The Sorrow of Love

The quarrel of the sparrows in the eaves,

The full round moon and the star-laden sky,

And the loud song of the ever-singing leaves

Had hid away earth's old and weary cry.

 

And then you came with those red mournful lips,

And with you came the whole of the world's tears,

And all the sorrows of her labouring ships,

And all burden of her myriad years.

 

And now the sparrows warring in the eaves,

The crumbling moon, the white stars in the sky,

And the loud chanting of the unquiet leaves,

Are shaken with earth's old and weary cry.

 

        (First Printed Version, 1892)

 

 

一、情殤（初寫本，八六子）1

 

雀群飛，繞簷爭嘴，

星河皓月同輝，

聽草葉高歌永在，

濁塵哀泣稀聞，匿聲片時。

 

朱唇 2 來兮銜悲，

為爾普天流淚，

帆船苦聚愁思，

數百載，肩頭重荷同哭。

 

此時禾雀，舊年兵火，

星天低掛蟾宮冷寂，

高吟衰草迷離，

盡含悲，歌搖萬年泫啼。

1892年初寫本

 

1 中譯依照英文原文詩行排列。這首詩最初發表於1892年，即詩人認識女演員、愛爾蘭民族主義者毛德·崗（Maud Gonne）兩年之後的熱戀中。

2 指引發特洛伊戰爭的海倫。

 

2. The Sorrow of Love

 

The brawling of a sparrow in the eaves,

The brilliant moon and all the milky sky,

And all that famous harmony of leaves,

Had blotted out man's image and his cry.

 

A girl arose that had red mournful lips

And seemed the greatness of the world in tears,

Doomed like Odysseus and the labouring ships

And proud as Priam murdered with his peers;

 

Arose, and on the instant clamorous eaves,

A climbing moon upon an empty sky,

And all that lamentation of the leaves,

Could but compose man's image and his cry.

 

         (Final Printed Version, 1925)

 

二、 情殤（重寫本,八六子）1

 

雀單飛，繞簷爭嘴，2
星河皓月同輝，
願混跡和融草葉，
寄言衝突心圖，揾幹泫啼。

 

朱唇情劫傷悲，
普世淚泉泓邃，
英雄十載鄉思。奧德賽，風帆命中撕裂。3
兩強矛舞，獨夫頭斷。4
 

重聞屋角翻飛鳥語，
虛空流瀉蟾暉，
草離離，5
殷勤撫平泫啼。
 

1925年重寫本

 

1 1925年詩人重寫這首詩，借懷古抒寫他對毛德.崗的無望之戀以及對愛爾蘭民族獨立運動的思考。
2 葉慈把舊版的「The quarrel of the sparrows」（幾隻麻雀的口角）改為「The brawling of a sparrow」（一隻麻雀的爭嘴），曾引起一位批評家的質疑∶一隻麻雀能爭嘴嗎？實際上葉慈在散文<人之魂>（Anima Hominus）中已回答了這個問題∶「借重與別人爭嘴，我們造出雄辯術，借重與自己爭嘴，我們造出詩歌。（We make out of the quarrel with others, rhetoric, but of the quarrel with ourselves, poetry.）」可見這首詩修改後的起句，有類似於禪宗公案的意義。

3 「奧德賽」的意思即奧德修斯的故事，原文點明希臘英雄奧德修斯的名字。

4  原文點明特洛伊國王普萊姆（Priam ）的名字。這個傲慢的國王在特洛伊陷落後被希臘英雄亞吉力的兒子殺死。

5 「離離」一詞，含義豐富，除了可以狀濃密貌、隱約貌之外，還可以狀悲痛貌（《楚辭.劉向＜九歎.思古＞》 ∶「曾哀淒欷，心離離兮。」)，因此可以涵蓋原文含有的悲慟之意。

 

選自傅正明譯注《英美抒情詩新譯》，台灣商務印書館，2012年