注意英文用的是World,中文應該是翻譯成世界,而不是世人。那麽到底是什麽意思呢?平克(A.W.PINK)說World 有7種用法。我認為在約翰福音裏有三種用法,ranging from "every human being without exception" to "all nations of the earth" to "non-elect humanity."。
在約翰福音3:16,我認為是第一種。這麽解釋:The fact is that ‘the world’ is used in a general way.
凱波爾說:
約翰福音三章16節與羅馬書五章6至8節兩處經文,不單單是為神所揀選的人而寫,聖經也說到神普遍的愛,不僅指下雨、出太陽給義人、歹人,祂也誠懇的對那些聽信福音的人提供救恩。神憑著自己說:“我斷不喜悅惡人死亡,惟喜悅惡人轉離所行的道而活”(結三十三11),使徒彼得也說:“主所應許的尚未成就,有人以為祂是耽延,其實不是耽延,乃是寬容你們,不願有一人沉淪,乃願人人都悔改”(彼後三9)。
從這幾處經文看來,基督教許多偉大的傳道人,傳布了神不單喜悅拯救悔改相信的人,祂也喜歡所有聽見福音,而悔改相信者得救的大好消息。加爾文解釋以西結書十八章23節與三十三章11節說:“神非常誠懇地願意那些要滅亡,或向死亡之路直奔的人,回頭走平安的道路。”
二、救贖是 創造的恢複與更新(redemption as re-creation):被罪玷汙的受造界,神設計救贖計畫挽救、恢複、更新,最後將受造界帶到比受造之初更榮耀的高潮,但不是廢棄它而再造它。神在這 個世界(this world)的工作,將有意義地成全將來的那個世界(the world to come)。
三、恩典恢複了自然(grace restores nature):特殊啟示與特殊恩典重新賦予墮落人性更新的知識與性情去認識與應用神的普遍啟示與普遍恩典中,以實現神在人受造之初的管家使命 (cultural mandate),作為福音使命(gospel mandate)的表現。
以下是Pink的原文,供參考
It cannot mean the whole human race, for one half of the race was already in hell when Christ came to earth. It is unfair to insist that it means every human being now living, for every other passage in the New Testament where God’s love is mentioned limits it to His own people — search and see! The objects of God’s love in John 3:16 are precisely the same as the objects of Christ’s love in John 13:1: ‘Now before the Feast of the Passover, when Jesus knew that His time was come, that he should depart out of this world unto the Father, having loved His own which were in the world, He loved them unto the end.’ We may admit that our interpretation of John 3:16 is no novel one invented by us, but one almost uniformly given by the Reformers and Puritans, and many others since them. (The Sovereignty of God)