川普大學驅逐令與李斯《諫逐客書》

美將暫停哈佛大學招收國際學生資格，現有外國學生必須轉學，而那些參加抗議示威活動的則要上黑名單。

這真是：春雷一聲震天響，川總新令傳四方。

雖然，高舉的大棒在空中揮舞時暫時被停住了。但是舉手式亮起，信號彈升空，美國大學裏師生們噤若寒蟬，校園裏開啟了“逃離模式”。不隻是華裔學者，還有一眾大學教授們都在惴惴不安地尋思：要不要逃離？

驅逐異見者古今中外數不勝數。咱泱泱大國早在兩千年前就幹過。

偉大的嬴政繼位伊始，也有一個“大而美”的工程——修建鄭國渠。後來發現這竟然是韓國試圖耗費秦國人力物力的“星球大戰”。始皇帝大怒之下，把修水渠的鄭國和沒有秦國國籍的可疑分子統統驅逐出境，有綠卡也不行，有才能也不行。其中就有李斯。

李斯不服，遂上書《諫逐客書》。一番慷慨陳詞，秦王嬴政如醍醐灌頂，從善如流。還委以沒有秦國國籍的楚裔李斯重任。

就這一件事兒，敢說秦始皇不偉大？

今天咱從黃土中請出李斯，重讀他的《諫逐客書》，其中一段原文如下——

“臣聞地廣者粟多，國大者人眾，兵強則士勇。是以太山不讓土壤，故能成其大；河海不擇細流，故能就其深；王者不卻眾庶，故能明其德。是以地無四方，民無異國，四時充美，鬼神降福，此五帝三王之所以無敵也。今乃棄黔首以資敵國，卻賓客以業諸侯，使天下之士退而不敢西向，裹足不入秦，此所謂‘藉寇兵而齎盜糧’者也。

夫物不產於秦，可寶者多；士不產於秦，而願忠者眾。今逐客以資敵國，損民以益仇，內自虛而外樹怨於諸侯，求國無危，不可得也。”

用今天的普通話說，就是——

俺聽說田地廣就糧食多，國家大就人口眾，武器精良將士就驍勇。因此，泰山不拒絕泥土，所以能成就它的高大；江河湖海不舍棄細流，所以能成就它的深邃；有誌建立王業的人不嫌棄民眾，所以能彰明他的德行。因此，土地不分東西南北，百姓不論異國它邦，便會一年四季富裕美好，天地鬼神降賜福運，這就是五帝、三王無可匹敵的緣故。

拋棄百姓使之去幫助敵國，拒絕賓客使之去侍奉諸侯，使天下的賢士退卻而不敢西進，裹足止步不入秦國，這就叫做“借武器給敵寇，送糧食給盜賊”啊。

物品中不出產在秦國，而寶貴的卻很多；賢士中不出生於秦，願意效忠的很多。如今驅逐賓客來資助敵國，減損百姓來充實對手，內部自己造成空虛而外部在諸侯中構築怨恨，那要謀求國家沒有危難，是不可能的啊。

“太山不讓土壤，故能成其大；河海不擇細流，故能就其深；王者不卻眾庶，故能明其德。”多麽著名的金句啊。隻是沒料到今天的美麗國可以活學活用。

記得梁文道回憶當年他的大學校長諾貝爾獎獲得者高琨的事情。校慶大會，學生衝上講台把墨水潑在正在講演的高錕身上。高琨狼狽不堪。事後，私下問他會不會開除搗亂的學生。高琨覺得這個問題太奇葩：為什麽開除？學生就應該這個樣！

大哉高琨！都是President，差別咋就這麽大？

川總驅逐外國學生，其實也不新鮮。遠看，那是“非我族類其心必異”；近說，是俺們那個時代響亮的口號：“教育為無產階級政治服務”。美麗國沒有這種立國理念，幹這種專製獨裁的事情，得到咱們的武器庫裏尋。

令人悲哀的是，昔日被視作自由民主燈塔的福地如今成了要逃離的地方，昔日慷慨收留政治難民的國家如今也要製造政治難民了。更何況，這群“哈佛難民”裏藏龍臥虎，是很多國家垂涎三尺的人才。川普這次為淵驅魚為叢驅雀，偷著樂的國家真不少，這可比中國的“千人計劃”更龐大更高效。

強權也是好用的。能堵住很多人很多人的嘴，但是人心，能堵得住嗎？

最後，發個彩蛋。

俺聽說白宮班子缺少漢學家，所以鬥膽請DS將《諫逐客書》這段翻譯給川總統——

I have heard that vast fields yield abundant grain, a large nation sustains a populous people, and superior weapons make warriors valiant. Thus, Mount Tai does not reject mere clods of earth, and thus achieves its towering grandeur; rivers and seas do not spurn tiny streams, and thus attain their unfathomable depths; a ruler aspiring to establish a royal domain does not shun the common people, and thus manifests his virtuous governance. Therefore, when land knows no distinction between east and west, north and south, and people are embraced regardless of foreign origins, then blessings of seasonal abundance shall flow and celestial spirits shall bestow their favor. This is why the Five Emperors and Three Sovereigns reigned peerless.

To discard subjects and thereby strengthen rival states, to expel visitors and drive them to serve other lords, to cause the world's worthy scholars to retreat westward in fear and halt their steps at Qin's borders - this is what is called "arming bandits with weapons and provisioning thieves with grain."

Though many precious things are not produced within Qin, countless treasures are cherished here; though many capable scholars were not born in Qin, multitudes stand ready to pledge allegiance. Now, by expelling foreign talents to empower rival states, by diminishing our own people to enrich opponents, we hollow ourselves from within while breeding resentment abroad among the principalities. To seek security for the state under such circumstances would be impossible indeed.

為了達到“大而美”的標準，又請英語專家GPT翻譯成適合朗誦的詩文版——

It is said that wide fields bring plentiful harvests, great states nurture vast populations, and fine arms make brave soldiers.

Mount Tai rises high because it does not reject the smallest clods.

The rivers and seas grow deep because they embrace every stream.

A ruler who welcomes all people earns enduring virtue.

So land, no matter east or west, and people, whether native or foreign,

must all be embraced if prosperity is to last year-round,

and Heaven and Earth are to bestow their blessings.

This is why the greatest kings in history stood peerless.

Yet now, you would banish the people so they serve our foes,

turn guests away so they go to rival lords,

and make the wise and loyal hesitate at our borders.

This is like giving weapons to the enemy and feeding the bandits.

Our treasures mostly come from beyond Qin, yet they are many.

Our loyal men were not born here, yet they serve with heart.

By casting out guests, you help our foes.

By thinning our numbers, you fill the ranks of our enemies.

You hollow us from within and breed resentment without—

how then can the nation remain secure?