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吃蔬果解寒涼

(2019-07-03 08:36:34) 下一個

有段時間不上帖了，忙，來此多為分散緊張，休息，解壓。其實，看“千年守望”的帖就有這個作用，希望他繼續。昨天看到了“有點兒閑”網友的帖子，見下。“有閑”的意思是生的蔬果治乃寒涼之物，吃了可引起腹脹，腹瀉。有一患者有此問題，令她水果煮熟吃，則解除了這個問題。該患者吃西瓜，則問題又現。

我根據帖子的信息，結合現有的文獻報道，個人認為該患者可能有果糖不耐受症（Fructose malabsorption 或dietary fructose intolerance）。

人處理果糖的能力有一定限度。這種病是因為有些人對果糖吸收能力降低，結果有些果糖進入大腸，給某些產氣細菌提供食物，結果造成腹脹。另外，遺留的果糖糖是吸水劑，這是腹瀉的原因之一。可見，果糖不耐受和乳糖不耐受的機理類似。

每個人在不同年齡處理果糖和乳糖的能力會變化的，所以年齡大了吃不了太多生水果也不稀奇。解決的辦法是，吃含糖少的水果。如果非要吃甜的，也要吃葡萄糖多而果糖少的水果。另外，煮熟後果糖含量降低，這也是個解決辦法，“有閑”就采用了這種辦法，有效，缺點是加熱也使某些維生素被破壞。西瓜果糖遠超葡萄糖，所以引發腹脹不稀奇。

中醫歸納了一些現象，但由於時代所限，解釋不一定合理。如果我們根據現代研究成果加以理解，有可能找出更合理的應對辦法和治療方案。

個人認為，所謂“寒涼“，其本質不是溫度，至少部分是指果糖（也可能包括果聚糖或其他成分）的含量。

有此問題的網友選擇哪些水果呢？我懶，也忙，從維基抄一段於下以結束此帖。

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fructose_malabsorption

Foods with high fructose content[edit]

According to the USDA database,^[16] foods with more fructose than glucose include:

Food	Fructose (grams / 100 grams)	Glucose (grams / 100 grams)
Sucrose (for reference)	50	50
Apples	5.9	2.4
Pears	6.2	2.8
Fruit juice e.g. Apples, Pears	5–7	2–3
Watermelon	3.4	1.6
Raisins	29.8	27.8
Honey	40.9	35.7
High fructose corn syrup	42–55	45–58
Mango	4.68	2.01
Agave nectar	55.6	12.43
Ginger	1.78	1.22

The USDA food database reveals that many common fruits contain nearly equal amounts of the fructose and glucose, and they do not present problems for those individuals with fructose malabsorption.^[17] Some fruits with a greater ratio of fructose than glucose are apples, pears and watermelon, which contain more than twice as much fructose as glucose. Fructose levels in grapes varies depending on ripeness and variety, where unripe grapes contain more glucose.

Dietary guidelines for management[edit]

Researchers at Monash University in Australia developed dietary guidelines^[15] for managing fructose malabsorption, particularly for individuals with IBS.

Unfavorable foods (i.e. more fructose than glucose)[edit]

Fruit – apple, pear, honeydew melon, nashi pear, pawpaw, papaya, quince, star fruit, watermelon;
Dried fruit – apple, currant, date, fig, pear, raisin, sultana;
Fortified wines
Foods containing added sugars, such as agave nectar, some corn syrups, and fruit juice concentrates.

Favorable foods (i.e. fructose equal to or less than glucose)[edit]

The following list of favorable foods was cited in the paper: "Fructose malabsorption and symptoms of Irritable Bowel Syndrome Guidelines for effective dietary management".^[15] The fructose and glucose contents of foods listed on the Australian food standards^[18] would appear to indicate that most of the listed foods have higher fructose levels.