2004-2008年期間，研究人員在全國十個不同地區招募了超過50萬名中國人。參與者完成了詳細的問卷調查麵試，接受了身體測量和血液檢查，隨後跟蹤健康情況七年。
在研究開始時沒有糖尿病的人中，與從未或很少消費新鮮水果的人相比，日常消費新鮮水果的人患糖尿病的相對風險降低了12％。
在研究開始之前已經患有糖尿病的人中，每星期吃新鮮水果超過三天比少於一天的人總的死亡風險降低了17％，發生糖尿病並發症的風險降低了13％-28％。
在研究開始之前已經患有糖尿病的人中，每星期吃新鮮水果超過三天比少於一天的人總的死亡風險降低了17％，發生糖尿病並發症的風險降低了13％-28％。
這個研究結果表明攝入新鮮水果可能有益於預防糖尿病。對於糖尿病人，不應鼓勵限製吃新鮮水果。
Fig 1. Adjusted hazard ratios for incident diabetes and all-cause mortality among those with diabetes at baseline, by fresh fruit consumption.(A) Incident diabetes; (B) all-cause mortality among those with diabetes at baseline. Analyses were stratified by age at risk, sex, and region and were adjusted for education, income, alcohol intake, smoking, physical activity, survey season, BMI, family history of diabetes, and intakes of dairy products, meat, and preserved vegetables. The black boxes represent the hazard ratios (HRs), with the size inversely proportional to the variance of the log HRs, and the vertical lines represent the 95% confidence intervals. The values above the vertical lines are the point estimates of the HRs, and the values below them are the numbers of cases.
Fig 2. Adjusted hazard ratios for selected cause-specific mortality by fresh fruit consumption among 30,300 participants with diabetes at baseline.Mortality from (A) diabetes, (B) cardiovascular disease, and (C) other causes. Conventions as in Fig 1. Baseline status for cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and anti-diabetic treatment were also adjusted for. HR, hazard ratio.
