風蕭蕭_Frank
以文會友
媒體：波音公司將從印度招聘20倍工程師，因美國力求減少對中國的依賴
https://www.eurasiantimes.com/boeing-hiring-20-times-more/#:~:text=
作者：Ashish Dangwal - 2024年8月3日
波音公司正在大幅擴大其在印度而非中國的工程招聘規模，這一顯著轉變體現了更廣泛的地緣政治趨勢。鑒於地緣政治擔憂不斷升級，美國正力求減少對中國專業技術的依賴，因此做出了這一調整。
據香港《南華早報》（SCMP）8月1日報道，波音公司在印度招聘的工程師數量幾乎是在中國招聘的20倍。
截至7月31日，波音公司招聘網站顯示，中國僅有5個職位空缺，其中3個屬於工程領域。相比之下，印度有83個職位空缺，其中58個屬於工程領域。這種差距至少持續了幾周。
波音公司目前的就業統計數據進一步凸顯了這一趨勢。這家航空巨頭在中國擁有約2200名員工，而在印度則擁有超過6000名員工。盡管印度的商用航空機隊總數僅為中國的六分之一左右，但這一數字仍然很高。
鑒於波音公司與中國人才的曆史淵源，這種轉變尤為引人注目。波音公司的第一位航空工程師黃祖出生於北京。
黃祖於1916年從麻省理工學院（MIT）畢業後受聘於波音公司，並在設計波音公司第一款經濟上取得成功的飛機——C型海軍教練水上飛機——中發揮了關鍵作用。這一成就為波音公司十年後開發其首款專用客機奠定了基礎。
史密森尼國家航空航天博物館名譽館長、多部航空史著作的作者湯姆·克勞奇指出，黃祖對波音公司早期的成功產生了重大影響。
“C型飛機不僅是波音公司的第一個生產訂單，也是第一架批量生產並銷售的波音飛機，”克勞奇說道。“黃祖讓公司名聲大噪。”
盡管黃祖做出了重要貢獻，但他在波音公司隻待了10個月，並在C型飛機海軍試飛前不久前往中國。在西雅圖，黃祖的貢獻被紀念在飛行博物館，那裏有一個永久展覽來紀念他的成就。
在中國，他於1917年在福州創辦了中國第一家飛機製造廠，後來於1945年擔任航空研究院院長，被譽為中國航空事業的奠基人之一。
波音將重點從中國轉向印度
波音公司與中國航空市場的聯係始於20世紀70年代初，當時的美國總統理查德·尼克鬆的曆史性訪問為其開啟了序幕。此次合作促成了雙方在中國建立多家合資企業，包括工程、維修和研究中心，以及一個737完成和交付中心。
多年來，全球超過10,000架波音飛機的零部件和組件在中國生產，其中包括在浙江舟山建立的737完成和交付中心等重要合作。
然而，在波音737 Max飛機發生兩起災難性墜機事故後，波音的處境發生了巨大變化——一次發生在2018年的印度尼西亞，另一次發生在2019年的埃塞俄比亞。
這兩起事故導致737 Max機隊停飛，並嚴重損害了波音的聲譽，而進一步的安全隱患更是雪上加霜，包括飛機機輪脫落和737 Max飛機空中麵板爆裂等事件。
盡管波音公司在解決了安全問題後，最近恢複了對華737 Max飛機的交付，但該公司與中國的關係仍然緊張。
自2019年以來，由於中美兩國在技術和國家安全等諸多問題上的緊張關係不斷升級，波音的飛機交付一度斷斷續續。
中國通過中國商用飛機有限責任公司（Comac）研發了C919客機，旨在從波音和空客手中搶占市場份額，這加劇了波音麵臨的挑戰。
根據波音公司發布的《2024年商用飛機市場展望》，中國有望在未來二十年成為全球最大的航空市場，預計到2043年，中國將需要交付8830架飛機。
令波音雪上加霜的是，中國在新機隊采購方麵越來越青睞空客，這迫使波音公司不得不在其他地區尋求增長機會。
這一轉變促使波音公司戰略性地將業務重心轉向印度，這個國家擁有蓬勃發展的工程人才隊伍和快速增長的航空市場。
印度目前是全球第三大國內航空市場，僅次於美國和中國，預計到2043年將需要2835架飛機交付。
波音公司加大對印度的關注，是其更廣泛戰略的一部分，旨在減少對中國的依賴，同時利用印度的工程能力。這與印度將自身定位為“世界航空強國”的雄心相契合。
替代中國的技術和製造方案。
今年1月，波音公司在班加羅爾啟用了其在美國以外最大的工廠，投資約2億美元用於建設波音印度工程技術中心（BIETC）。
隨後，波音公司於2月宣布計劃在印度建立一個新的物流中心，以更好地服務其區域客戶。波音公司的預測顯示，未來20年，得益於印度從疫情中迅速複蘇的推動，印度航空公司將需要超過2200架新飛機。
預計未來20年，印度國內航空運輸量將保持全球最高增長率。從2019年到2042年，印度國內航線的平均年收入客公裏預計將增長7.4%。
這一增長率超過了新興亞洲經濟體預測的6%和中國國內航線預測的5.3%。
印度航空是波音在該地區最老的客戶，隨著其業務擴張，預計將訂購數百架新的窄體和寬體飛機。與印度航空公司日益增長的合作夥伴關係，彰顯了波音向印度戰略轉型的決心。
Boeing Is Hiring 20 Times More Engineers From India As US Aims To Cut Dependence On China: Media
https://www.eurasiantimes.com/boeing-hiring-20-times-more/#:~:text=
In a notable transformation indicative of wider geopolitical trends, Boeing is expanding its engineering recruitment significantly in India rather than in China. This adjustment arises as the United States aims to lessen its dependence on Chinese expertise in light of escalating geopolitical apprehensions.
Boeing is hiring nearly 20 times more engineers in India than in China, according to a report on August 1 by the Hong Kong-based South China Morning Post (SCMP).
As of July 31, the Boeing Careers website showed only five job openings in China, three of which were in engineering. In contrast, India had 83 job openings, with 58 dedicated to engineering positions. This disparity has remained consistent for at least a couple of weeks.
Boeing’s current employment statistics further highlight this trend. The aerospace giant has around 2,200 employees in China, compared to more than 6,000 in India. This is despite the fact that India’s total commercial aviation fleet is only about one-sixth the size of China’s.
The shift is particularly striking given Boeing’s historical connection to Chinese talent. Wong Tsu, Boeing’s first aeronautical engineer, was born in Beijing.
Hired in 1916 after graduating from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Wong played a pivotal role in designing Boeing’s first financially successful aircraft, the Model C naval training seaplane. That achievement set the stage for Boeing to develop its first dedicated passenger planes a decade later.
Tom Crouch, curator emeritus at the Smithsonian’s National Air and Space Museum and author of several aviation history books, noted Wong’s significant impact on Boeing’s early success.
“The Model C was not only Boeing’s first production order, it was the first Boeing aircraft to be produced in large numbers and sold,” Crouch said. “Wong Tsu put the company on the map.”
Despite his key contributions, Wong spent only ten months at Boeing, leaving for China shortly before the Model C’s Navy test flights. In Seattle, Wong’s contributions are commemorated at the Museum of Flight, where a permanent exhibit honors his work.
In China, he founded the country’s first airplane factory in Fuzhou in 1917 and later headed the Aviation Research Academy in 1945, earning recognition as one of the founding fathers of Chinese aviation.
Boeing Shifts Focus From China To India
Boeing’s relationship with the Chinese aviation market began in the early 1970s, sparked by a historic visit from then-US President Richard Nixon. This engagement led to the establishment of multiple joint ventures in China, including engineering, maintenance, and research centers, as well as a 737 completion and delivery center.
Over the years, parts and assemblies for over 10,000 Boeing planes worldwide have been produced in China, with notable collaborations such as the 737 Completion and Delivery Centre in Zhoushan, Zhejiang province.
However, the landscape has dramatically shifted for Boeing following two catastrophic crashes involving its 737 Max aircraft—one in Indonesia in 2018 and another in Ethiopia in 2019.
These incidents, which resulted in the grounding of the 737 Max fleet and severely damaged Boeing’s reputation, have been compounded by further safety concerns, including instances of wheels falling off planes and a mid-air panel blowout on a 737 Max aircraft.
Despite Boeing recently resuming deliveries of the 737 Max to China after addressing safety issues, the company’s relationship with China remains fraught.
This resumption comes after intermittent deliveries since 2019, during which time US-China tensions have escalated over various issues, including technology and national security.
Compounding Boeing’s challenges, China has developed its passenger jet, the C919, through the Commercial Aircraft Corporation of China (Comac), aiming to capture market share from both Boeing and Airbus.
China is poised to become the world’s largest aviation market over the next two decades, with an estimated requirement of 8,830 aircraft deliveries by 2043, as per Boeing’s 2024 Commercial Market Outlook.
Adding to Boeing’s woes, China has increasingly favored Airbus over Boeing for its new fleet acquisitions, pushing Boeing to seek growth opportunities elsewhere.
This shift has driven Boeing to strategically pivot towards India, a country with a burgeoning pool of engineering talent and a rapidly growing aviation market.
India, now the world’s third-largest domestic airline market, trailing only the US and China, is set to require 2,835 aircraft deliveries by 2043.
Boeing’s increased focus on India is part of a broader strategy to reduce dependence on China while tapping into India’s engineering capabilities. This aligns with India’s ambitions to position itself as an alternative to China for technology and manufacturing.
In January, Boeing inaugurated its largest facility outside the US in Bengaluru, investing approximately $200 million in the Boeing India Engineering and Technology Centre (BIETC).
Following this, in February, Boeing announced plans to establish a new logistics center in India to better serve its regional customers. Boeing’s forecasts suggest that Indian airlines will need over 2,200 new aircraft in the coming two decades, bolstered by India’s swift recovery from the pandemic.
India’s domestic air traffic is projected to have the highest growth rate globally for the next two decades. From 2019 to 2042, the average annual revenue passenger kilometers for India’s domestic routes is expected to increase by 7.4%.
This growth rate exceeds the 6% forecasted for emerging Asian economies and the 5.3% predicted for China’s domestic routes.
Air India, Boeing’s oldest customer in the region, is expected to order hundreds of new narrowbody and widebody jets as it expands its operations. This growing partnership with Indian aviation firms is a testament to Boeing’s strategic shift towards India.
