John Mearsheimer 核武器可防止東亞爆發大國戰爭

約翰米爾斯海默認核武器可防止東亞爆發大國戰爭?! 安全競爭易演變成戰爭?!【國際360】20240801?@全球大視野Global_Vision?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tGZm8_dYV-Q

我認為毫無疑問，就我們目前所見，美國和中國之間將展開激烈的安全競爭，我相信，在這一過程中將會出現危機，涉及南海、東海和台灣的危機，我認為這是不可避免的，真正重要的問題是我們能否管理這些危機並避免戰爭，我的意思是，我認為台灣戰爭甚至南海戰爭都將是一場災難，我認為問題是，一旦戰爭開始，可能很難停止，就像我們在東歐看到的烏克蘭戰爭一樣，這場戰爭很難停止，所以，這就是我真正擔心的，安全競爭會演變成戰爭。

 

我認為，隻要管理得當，我們可以度過未來許多年或許多年，而不必經曆戰爭，我認為，很有可能沒錯，但我認為我們最終陷入戰爭的可能性並不小，你要記住我之前說過的話，約翰，東亞的問題在於，很容易想象在南海或東海或台灣發生衝突，甚至在喜馬拉雅山上印度和中國之間發生衝突，這與冷戰時期的情況大不相同，當時很難想象在中歐打一場戰爭，因為那會非常可怕。

所以我的觀點是，你知道你有這些 iOS 場景，你知道這些場景很可能會發生，但並不那麽可怕，你知道沒有中歐戰爭那麽可怕，現在人們非常緊張，一個可能的反駁是，我們生活在一個核世界，即使是南海的小衝突或台灣的小衝突也有升級到核級別的風險，這種威脅應該在很大程度上防止大國戰爭東亞，我認為這個論點很有說服力。我一秒鍾都不會否認這個論點，對吧。

核武器的存在使戰爭的可能性降低，但你甚至可以想象在南海發生戰爭，那裏使用了核武器，因為那些核武器是在海洋中使用的，這與在中歐或中國大陸使用的核武器不同，所以也許戰爭的可能性比許多相信核革命的人認識到的要大，所以我想說這是一個複雜的問題，幾乎不可能得出我們再次發生戰爭的確切概率。我認為我們將進行安全競爭是不言而喻的，而且大多數時候都會是激烈的安全競爭，但是否會發生戰爭我不確定，但我確實認為，這是我的底線，在未來幾十年裏，美國最終與中國開戰的可能性並不小

I think there is no question that we are going to have for as far as the eye can see an intense security competition
between the United States and China uh and I believe that there will be crises along the way uh crises involving the South China Sea the East China Sea uh and Taiwan I I think that's unavoidable uh the really important question is whether we can manage those crises and avoid a war I mean I think a war over Taiwan or even a war over the
South China Sea uh would be a disaster I
think the problem is that once the war started it would probably be very hard to shut down just like we're seeing in Eastern Europe uh with the Ukraine war
it's very hard to shut that war down so
that's that's what I really worry about
that security competition morphing into
a war do I think that with good management we can you know get through the next however many years or however many decades without a war I think
there's serious possibility that that's
true but I think there's a non-trivial
chance uh that we will end up in a war
you want to remember what I said before
John the problem in East Asia is that
it's easy to imagine a conflict in the
South China Sea or in the East China Sea
or over Taiwan or even a conflict up in
the Himalayas between India and
China um it's it's much different than
during the Cold War when it was really
hard to imagine fighting a war in
Central Europe because it would have
been so horrible so my point again is
the fact that you know you have these
scenario iOS that you know could very well happen that are not that horrible you know not as horriable U as a war in Central Europe uh makes one very nervous now a possible counter to that argument is look we live
in a nuclear world and even a minor conflict in the South China Sea or a minor conflict over Taiwan runs the risk
of escalating to the nuclear level and that threat should go a long way towards preventing a great power war in East Asia I think that's an argument that has
a lot of punch I I don't dismiss that argument for one second right the presence of nuclear weapons makes War less likely but again you can even imagine a war in the South China Sea where nuclear weapons are employed because those are nuclear nuclear weapons being employed out in the ocean and that's not the same as nuclear weapons being employed in Central Europe or being employed on the Chinese Mainland so again uh maybe war is more likely uh uh than a lot of people who believe in the nuclear Revolution recognize so I'm trying to say here that it's a complicated matter where it's almost impossible to come up with firm probabilities as to how likely it is that we will have a war again I think it's axiomatic that we're going to have security competition and it will be intense security competition most of the time but whether or not you get a war I don't know for sure but I do think and this is my bottom line there is a non-trivial chance that the United States will end up fighting China uh in the decades ahead

I think there is no question that we are
going to have for as far as the eye can
see an intense security competition
between the United States and
China uh and I believe that there will
be crises along the way uh crises
involving the South China Sea the East
China
Sea uh and Taiwan I I think that's
unavoidable uh the really important
question is whether we can manage those
crises and avoid a war I mean I think a
war over Taiwan or even a war over the
South China Sea uh would be a disaster I
think the problem is that once the war
started it would probably be very hard
to shut down just like we're seeing in
Eastern Europe uh with the Ukraine war
it's very hard to shut that war down so
that's that's what I really worry about
that security competition morphing into
a war do I think that with good
management we can you know get through
the next however many years or however
many decades without a war I think
there's serious possibility that that's
true but I think there's a non-trivial
chance uh that we will end up in a war
you want to remember what I said before
John the problem in East Asia is that
it's easy to imagine a conflict in the
South China Sea or in the East China Sea
or over Taiwan or even a conflict up in
the Himalayas between India and
China um it's it's much different than
during the Cold War when it was really
hard to imagine fighting a war in
Central Europe because it would have
been so horrible so my point again is
the fact that you know you have these
scenario iOS that you
know could very well happen that are not
that horrible you know not as
horriable U as a war in Central Europe
uh makes one very nervous now a possible
counter to that argument is look we live
in a nuclear world and even a minor
conflict in the South China Sea or a
minor conflict over Taiwan runs the risk
of escalating to the nuclear level and
that threat should go a long way towards
preventing a great power war in East
Asia I think that's an argument that has
a lot of punch I I don't dismiss that
argument for one second right the
presence of nuclear weapons makes War
less likely but again you can even
imagine a war in the South China Sea
where nuclear weapons are employed
because those are nuclear nuclear
weapons being employed out in the ocean
and that's not the same as nuclear
weapons being employed in Central Europe
or being employed on the Chinese
Mainland so again uh maybe war is more
likely uh uh than a lot of people who
believe in the nuclear Revolution
recognize so I'm trying to say here that
it's a complicated matter where it's
almost impossible to come up with firm
probabilities as to how likely it is
that we will have a war again I think
it's axiomatic that we're going to have
security competition and it will be
intense security competition most of the
time but whether or not you get a war I
don't know for sure but I do think and
this is my bottom line there is a
non-trivial chance that the United
States will end up fighting China uh in
the decades ahead

毫無疑問 在可見的未來
我們將看到
美中之間會有激烈的安全競爭
我相信一路上會有危機
涉及南海 東海以及台灣的危機
這是不可避免的
真正重要的問題是
我們能否管控這些危機並避免戰爭
為了台灣而戰
甚至為了南海而戰
都將是一場災難
問題是一旦戰爭開始
可能會很難平息
就像我們在東歐看到的
烏克蘭戰爭 很難平息那場戰爭
所以這就是我真正擔心的
安全競爭會演變成戰爭
我是否認為 在良好管理下
我們能
度過接下來的數年
或數十年而不爆發戰爭?
這很有可能會成真
但也有不小的機會
我們最終會陷入戰爭
你要記住我之前說過的話
東亞的問題是
很容易想像
在南海發生衝突
在東海或在台灣發生衝突
甚至在喜馬拉雅山發生
中印之間的衝突
這與冷戰期間大不相同
當時很難想像在中歐打仗
因為那會非常可怕
所以我再次強調 事實是
你有這些可能會發生的情況
那些衝突不是那麼可怕
沒有中歐戰爭那麼可怕 讓人緊張
可能可以反駁的論點是
我們生活在核武器的世界
即使是在南海或台灣的小衝突
都有升級到核武器的風險
這種威脅應該在很大程度上
防止東亞爆發大國戰爭
這是很有說服力的論點
我一點也不否認這個論點
核武器的存在使戰爭不太可能發生
不過
你甚至可以想像在南海爆發一場戰爭
使用核武器
因為那些核武器
是在海洋中使用的
這與在中歐使用核武器
或在中國大陸使用核武器不同
再說一次 也許戰爭的可能性
比許多相信核革命威懾手段的人
所意識到的要大得多
我的重點是 這是複雜的問題
幾乎不可能得出確切的概率
關於我們發生戰爭的可能性有多大
再者 不言而喻的是
我們將進行安全競爭
而多數時間都會是激烈的安全競爭
但是否會爆發戰爭 我不確定
但我確實認為 這是我的結論
美國在未來幾十年內
與中國開戰的可能性
機率不低