笨狼發牢騷
發發牢騷，解解悶，消消愁
個人遊閱筆記。
Ian Bremmer
2015·01·05：These Are the Top 10 Geopolitical Risks of 2015
1. The politics of Europe
2. Russia
3. The effects of China slowdown
4. The weaponization of finance
5. ISIS, beyond Iraq and Syria
6. Weak incumbents
7. The rise of strategic sectors
8. Saudi Arabia vs Iran
9. Taiwan/China
10. Turkey
分析稱斯裏蘭卡大選結果可能撼動中國在印度洋利益
紐約時報：斯裏蘭卡新總統威脅取消中資項目
就任總理的拉尼爾·維克拉馬辛哈：“我們把中國當做一個好朋友。我們將在印度和中國之間采取平衡的策略，不會像現任政府那樣，基本是在用與中國的親密關係來激怒印度。”但是，這一決定並不代表“與中國之間存在任何的疑慮或齟齬”。
印媒:中國對斯裏蘭卡大選結果感到失望
德國新聞電視台說，在這個印度曾經占主導地位的國家，北京的影響力正日益增長。此外，日本也依賴同一條國際海運航線，並且渴望增加地區影響力。斯裏蘭卡迎來新總統後，各個大國都在爭奪在斯影響力。德國《焦點》周刊認為，斯裏蘭卡選舉是中國和印度兩國的較量。大選結果對兩國的戰略利益是至關重要。從2005年到2012年，中國提供了價值數十億美元援助，印度則少得多。德國世界社會主義網站認為，過去5年中，美國對中國在印度洋-太平洋地區爭奪權力，美國正利用力量影響斯裏蘭卡的未來局勢。
對於西裏塞納當選，印度媒體難掩興奮。印度《商業標準報》評論稱，拉賈帕克薩的失敗對印度意味著機遇，而對中國來說卻是壞消息，中國一定會感到失望，因為拉賈帕克薩是他們最喜歡的一個領導人。印度雷迪夫新聞網站說，看到拉賈帕克薩出局和西裏塞納獲勝會讓印度長舒一口氣。在拉賈帕克薩執政的10年間，中國在斯裏蘭卡可以“自由奔跑”，深深涉入斯裏蘭卡經濟的各個領域和戰略事務之中。現在，中國可能發現會比以前要艱難一些了。
美國彭博新聞社9日援引斯裏蘭卡一名外交官的話表示，斯裏蘭卡的位置就好像是一艘天然航空母艦，對中國吸引力極大。美國《石英》雜誌文章認為，中國已經將斯裏蘭卡視為21世紀海上絲綢之路的重要一環，用其連接中國東部港口和地中海。文章說，西裏塞納已經準備好與中國在斯裏蘭卡的巨大影響力說再見，他在競選綱領中表示要讓中斯的港口項目泡湯，因此，中國海上通道的斯裏蘭卡部分“估計要從地圖上消失”。
類似的渲染9日是不少西方媒體的重點。美國彭博新聞社以“斯裏蘭卡選舉結果摧毀了中國外交的關鍵”為題稱，西裏塞納稱要與印度、中國、巴基斯坦和日本建立“均等關係”，同時大批用外國信貸搞項目的做法，這等於是暗中批評中國。日本《每日新聞》援引西方國家外交人士的話說，“斯裏蘭卡換了總統，對中國的依賴就會減輕”。《悉尼先驅晨報》認為，西裏塞納的誓言將緩和該地區的緊張關係，尤其是德裏看到近來斯裏蘭卡港口歡迎中國的核潛艇而感到越來越警覺，很可能也會緩和華盛頓的焦慮，因為美國的決策者一直擔心中國日益擴大的勢力範圍。
不過，彭博新聞社另一篇文章承認，即使西裏塞納誓言要跟中國投資說再見，他具體會做到哪一步還不知道。中國還被視為抗衡印度的重要力量。斯裏蘭卡非政府組織另類政策中心負責人薩拉瓦納姆圖9日對彭博社表示，沒人真願意把中國投資趕出去。報道援引中國人民大學國際關係學者時殷弘的話說，中國與斯裏蘭卡關係基礎牢固，一場選舉對兩國關係影響不大。中國現代國際關係研究院研究員李莉表示，不管誰領導斯裏蘭卡，都不會錯過搭上中國發展快車的機會。
南韓製造的世界上最大超級（油）輪，排水量五十萬噸以上
四艘分別命名為非洲號、亞洲號、歐洲號和大洋洲號。
石油
彭博
2015·01·02：Oil Falls to 5 1/2-Year Low as Russia, Iraq Boost Output
2015·01·02：Russia and Iraq Supply Most Oil In Decades Amid 2015 Glut
法新社
2015·01·03：Iraq Hasn't Exported This Much Oil Since 1980
福布斯個人評論
2014·12·24：Supply Correction Will Support Oil Price in 2015
伊朗核能談判
合眾社2015·01·03 02AM：Iran, 6 powers move closer to nuke talks deal
路透社2015·01·03 05AM：Iran says no deal with U.S. to ship enriched uranium to Russia
英國衛報2015·01·03 08AM：Iran denies nuclear deal with US
路透社2015·01·07：Exclusive: China crude imports seen at record as it fills strategic reserves
China's crude imports touched record or near-record levels in several months last year, despite a slowing economy and weak oil demand growth. Imports have particularly picked up from September, largely fuelled by oil from the Middle East.
Ship broker data obtained by Reuters shows that the number of super-tanker charters from that region to China surged over the last four months of the year.
油價2015·01·06
美國東部時間上午10時
油價跌破$49
盧布壓力大
DEUTSCHE BANK: 'Canada Is In Serious Trouble'
【挑刺的】Krugman's Japanese Legacy: Record Households On Welfare, Corporate Bankruptcies Soar, Majority Of Households Worse Off
Japanese People Feel Their Lives Are Worse Off
When It Comes To Smartphones, Are Americans Dumb?
Who is Greg Harper?
Apple: UBS Sees IPhone Beating Consensus; China Surges
Apple Inc. Sells Three iPhone 6 Models For Every iPhone 6 Plus: Analyst
http://www.ibtimes.com/apple-inc-sells-three-iphone-6-models-every-iphone-6-plus-analyst-1724237
英國衛報：The US 'manufacturing renaissance' doesn't exist, says new report
法國悲劇大遊行，美國去哪兒了？
Kerry Defends U.S. After Criticism it Didn’t Send More Senior Officials to Paris March
答案：印度
Kerry Hints at Agenda for Obama’s Visit to India This Month
Indian PM showcases 'Modi-nomics' at investment summit
Modi promises 'unlimited' India economic reforms
Modi uses Gujarat investment summit to showcase India
Vibrant Gujarat Summit: US looks at $41 bn investments in India over 3-4 yrs
【美國股市反調】
Stock market risk is higher today than it was in the dot-com era
The Wall Street Bond Guru Who Nailed 2014 Has Another Contrarian Forecast For 2015（利率）
A Permabull Throws In The Towel: "Stocks Are Massively Overvalued", Key Multiples Are Post-War Records
The Confessions Begin: Goldman, BofA Warn Crude Crash Will Have Negative Impact On GDP, Earnings
英國衛報
2015·01·03：Arab spring prompts biggest migrant wave since second world war
Migrants fleeing the Middle East and north Africa are already risking everything as they try to escape war at home
Francis Fukuyama: ‘In recently democratised countries I’m still a rock star’
An American soldier wants to come home. They want to survive. But these people want to die. They want to win and they are ready to die.
http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/want-win-ready-die-german-writer-spends-10-days-islamic-state/
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5mHxs7X-sC0
【錢在哪兒？】
2014年美國（電影）票房銷售同比降5%，而中國的則增加34.5%。預測是中國電影消費將在2017年左右超過整個北美。
新華：China's box office sales surge 36 pct in 2014
Japan Is Most Preferred Destination for Chinese Tourists in 2015
Why the luxury market's fate rests in Chinese wallets
http://www.businessinsider.com/chinese-luxury-shoppers-are-taking-over-2015-1
http://china.cankaoxiaoxi.com/2015/0317/707481_2.shtml
Manny
http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1778931/
美國新聞記者拍攝關於西藏一個普通百姓的生活，被批準在中國上演：
Nowhere to Call Home
歸途列車：打工者回家的故事
http://v.163.com/jishi/V5P6UTSQ6/VAGPPMQKV.html
Why Xiaomi’s new phone could be in your hands sooner than you think
How Xiaomi Plans To Trump Apple, Google and Chinese Rivals In India’s Booming Mobile Market
Samsung Rolls Out Low-Cost Smartphones for India
http://uk.reuters.com/article/2015/01/12/sony-ceo-idUKL3N0UM09H20150112
http://www.forbes.com/sites/ewanspence/2015/01/14/sony-could-sell-xperia-smartphone-division/
http://www.theinquirer.net/inquirer/news/2390188/sony-reportedly-mulls-sale-of-xperia-division-after-slow-smartphone-sales
http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/xiaomi-mi-note-unveiled-competitor-iphone-6-plus-1483462
http://www.chinavalue.net/Biz/Blog/2014-12-29/1142116.aspx
http://wangbin.baijia.baidu.com/article/42768
http://it.sohu.com/20150116/n407851819.shtml
http://ca.reuters.com/article/technologyNews/idCAKBN0KO0KR20150115?pageNumber=2&virtualBrandChannel=0&sp=true
http://www.theverge.com/2015/1/15/7550903/xiaomi-mi-note-announced-specs-price
http://techcrunch.com/2015/01/15/mi-note/
http://bgr.com/2015/01/15/xiaomi-mi-note-pro-specs-price-release-date/
http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-2911411/Xiaomi-launches-iPhone-6-Plus-killer-Mi-Note-larger-thinner-lighter-cheaper-Apple-s-phablet.html
http://www.pcworld.com/article/2871052/xiaomis-new-phablet-seeks-to-outdo-apples-iphone-6-plus.html
http://www.cnet.com/news/the-xiaomi-note-is-the-companys-newest-flagship-phablet/
http://gizmodo.com/xiaomi-mi-note-a-sleek-iphone-6-plus-alternative-1679645197
我國將分三類打造20個城市群
5大國家級城市群
長江三角洲城市群
珠江三角洲城市群
京津冀城市群
長江中遊城市群
成渝城市群
9大區域性城市群（國家二級城市群）
哈長城市群
山東半島城市群
遼中南城市群
海峽西岸城市群
關中城市群
中原城市群
江淮城市群
北部灣城市群
天山北坡城市群
6大新的地區性城市群
呼包鄂榆城市群
晉中城市群
寧夏沿黃城市群
蘭西城市群
滇中城市群
黔中城市群
6大一體化：
區域性產業發展布局一體化、城鄉統籌與城鄉建設一體化、區域性市場建設一體化、基礎設施建設一體化、環境保護與生態建設一體化、社會發展與社會保障體係建設一體化。
https://www.google.com/search?q=%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E8%B0%83%E6%9F%A5%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83%E5%8F%91%E5%B8%83%E3%80%8A%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E7%94%9F%E5%8F%91%E5%B1%95%E6%8A%A5%E5%91%8A2014%E3%80%8B%E3%80%82%E8%AF%A5%E6%8A%A5%E5%91%8A%E5%9C%A8+%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E5%89%8D%E6%B2%BF%E7%9A%84%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E8%A7%86%E8%A7%92%E4%B8%8B&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8#q=%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E8%B0%83%E6%9F%A5%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83%E5%8F%91%E5%B8%83%E3%80%8A%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E7%94%9F%E5%8F%91%E5%B1%95%E6%8A%A5%E5%91%8A2014%E3%80%8B%E3%80%82%E8%AF%A5%E6%8A%A5%E5%91%8A%E5%9C%A8+%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E5%89%8D%E6%B2%BF%E7%9A%84%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E8%A7%86%E8%A7%92%E4%B8%8B&tbs=qdr:y
http://www.ciidbnu.org/news/201407/20140726113629706.html
https://www.google.com/search?q=%E8%94%A1%E6%85%8E%E5%9D%A4%E5%89%8D%E4%B8%8D%E4%B9%85%EF%BC%8C%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E8%B0%83%E6%9F%A5%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83%E5%8F%91%E5%B8%83%E3%80%8A%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E7%94%9F%E5%8F%91%E5%B1%95%E6%8A%A5%E5%91%8A2014%E3%80%8B&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8
In a Record Year for Skyscrapers, China is Miles Above Everyone Else
【中國水源】
http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2015/01/07/1404130112.abstract?sid=8c6d7487-e089-4eb8-8c12-cf9acff9e1a0
http://blogs.wsj.com/chinarealtime/2015/01/13/chinas-water-problems-are-even-worse-than-you-think-report/?mod=WSJBlog
http://www.guandabo.com/publications.html
http://www.chinanews.com/gn/2015/01-12/6959005.shtml
http://energy.people.com.cn/n/2014/1222/c71661-26250061.html
http://news.sciencenet.cn/htmlnews/2014/12/310039.shtm
China Water Stress May Worsen Even With Transfer Projects
http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2015-01-12/china-water-stress-may-worsen-even-with-transfer-projects.html
https://www.chinadialogue.net/blog/7372-Pushing-China-to-peak-emissions-early-could-be-bad-for-climate/en
美食
參見。
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/food-wine/best-artisanal-cheese-pho_b_6430396.html
http://www.foodandwine.com/slideshows/best-artisanal-cheese#!slide=7?
http://baike.baidu.com/link?url=CKfFIz_qE37tNrdIOfIZsETUzmJzOn3vXoVnqkqP2T_ZTF3ofYLSB-cPJIeV5TCg8ZvnCg2fDkdGbgu-j_Vz2lnmCeUwX8-hPb5wuYpu_NXYlt1YqoUr9buoUKMICXeDGGyouk7M-JzL1MaJYIgC6a
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spelt
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxonomy_of_wheat
http://healthyeating.sfgate.com/whole-wheat-vs-durum-wheat-vs-stone-ground-4024.html
http://www.thefreshloaf.com/node/19200/difference-between-durum-and-semolina-flour
http://www.cooksinfo.com/durum-flour
http://healthyeating.sfgate.com/whole-wheat-vs-durum-wheat-vs-stone-ground-4024.html
http://www.pbs.org/food/the-history-kitchen/uncover-the-history-of-pasta/
M.Y.Noodles
【美國土法堿水麵】
Homemade Ramen Noodles
Potassium Carbonate： 碳酸鉀
Sodium Bi-Carbonate： 雙碳酸鈉
Potassium hydroxide：氫氧化鉀
Sodium hydroxide： 氫氧化鈉
Lye：堿水，堿液
A lye is a liquid obtained by leaching ashes (containing largely potassium carbonate or "potash"), or a strong alkali which is highly soluble in water producing caustic basic solutions. "Lye" is commonly the alternative name of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or historically potassium hydroxide (KOH).
【健康】
Junk food may not be dangerous for a quarter of people, says scientists
Porridge could be key to a long and healthy life, says Harvard University
2013·06·19：The Okinawa diet – could it help you live to 100?
2013·07·27：Want to live to past the age of 110? 'It's all genetics – and luck'
2014·11·28：Want to live to 120? Here’s how ....
2014·12·30：Want to live to 100? Here's what you should be eating right now
2015·01·11：Live for ever: Scientists say they’ll soon extend life ‘well beyond 120’
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/science/science-news/11363444/Could-switching-off-single-gene-extend-life-by-12-years.html
One Scientist's Race To Help Microbes Help You
http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2015/01/18/377764728/one-scientists-race-to-help-microbes-help-you
這樣的轉基因，你會接受嗎？
Researchers hope this whale’s genes will help reverse human aging
http://www.washingtonpost.com/news/speaking-of-science/wp/2015/01/06/researchers-hope-this-whales-genes-will-help-reverse-human-aging/?Post+generic=%3Ftid%3Dsm_twitter_washingtonpost
(just testing)
Embryo Testing Should Not Be Controversial
http://www.slate.com/articles/health_and_science/medical_examiner/2014/03/pre_implantation_genetic_testing_with_ivf_it_won_t_create_designer_babies.html
(moe research)
A Baby With Three Genetic Parents? Yes, I’ll Explain!
http://www.parents.com/blogs/everything-pregnancy/2014/02/27/healthy-pregnancy/ivf-3-parent-dna-gene-manipulation/
Telegraph
30 Aug 2014 Three-parent babies: good or bad?
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/health/11065445/Three-parent-babies-good-or-bad.html
23 Nov 2014 Scientists hail new '3 parent baby' technique
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/health/news/11245532/Scientists-hail-new-3-parent-baby-technique.html
30 Jan 2015 Scientists accuse Church of ignorance over three parent babies
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/science/science-news/11380543/Scientists-accuse-Church-of-ignorance-over-three-parent-babies.html
01 Feb 2015 Three-parent baby technique no more sinister than blood transfusion, says Robert Winston
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/science/science-news/11383004/Three-parent-baby-technique-no-more-sinister-than-blood-transfusion-says-Robert-Winston.html
01 Feb 2015 Don’t let science fall victim to ignorance on DNA transfer IVF
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/science/science-news/11383128/Dont-let-science-fall-victim-to-ignorance-on-DNA-transfer-IVF.html
http://fusion.net/story/42619/why-testosterone-is-the-drug-of-the-future/
Scientists raise alarm on China's fishy aqua farms
BY CHRIS ARSENAULT Fri Jan 16, 2015
http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/01/16/us-food-fish-china-idUSKBN0KP1TE20150116
【笑話】
伊斯蘭組織（或其支持者）成功地網襲了美國中央司令部的賬號，暴露的資料包括美軍對中美衝突的演示（“China scenario”）。
【美國國家利益網站The National Interest】
2014·12·08：Asia Get Ready: Is This China’s Vision of Future Aircraft Carrier Designs?
2014·12·08：China's Grand-Strategy Challenge: Creating Its Own Islands in the South China Sea
2014·12·10：China's Big Plans for Pakistan
Beijing is trying to “integrate Pakistan into the Chinese economy by outsourcing low-tech, labor-absorbing, resource-intensive industrial production,”
Beijing, it appears, will be providing almost all the funding.
2014·12·11：The Philippines' Massive Lawfare Blunder in the South China Sea
The Philippines’ effort to force China to accept arbitration in the South China Sea is doomed to fail and will likely backfire.
2014·12·20：Dragon on the High Seas: China's 3 Most Lethal Weapons of War on the Water
Type 052C/D Anti-Air Warfare Destroyer
J-15 “Flying Shark” Fighter
Type 056 Jiangdao-class Corvettes
Expect No Easing of ‘Chinese Whirlwind’ - WSJ A more likely explanation for the conciliatory rhetoric is that China has come to the realization that its neighbors don’t wish to be bullied into accepting a revived Sinocentric order in their part of the world. Yet that seems to be precisely what “connectivity” and “whirlwind” diplomacy are intended to achieve through peaceful means. By the time China has hooked the region into its expanding economic grid, America’s position in the region will have shrunk without a shot being fired.
美國空軍為何勝人一籌？
《大西洋雜誌》2015一月刊
The Tragedy of the American Military
美國空軍放棄的YF-23
2014·01·16：Fighter Pilots Doomed By Poverty
2014·12·19：Warning Sounded on Cuts to Pilot Training（附在底下）
2014·12·20：U.S. Air Force Pilots Fly Less than China’s Do
“天不言而日往月運，地不言而山高海深”
中國的海外海軍基地
近日（一個月前）有一篇納米比亞的報道說是中國和納米比亞正在進行給中國擴建一個海軍軍港的協議，談判已進入尾聲。原報道在此。
這報道一出，引起各處紛紛轉載，添加了許多猜測之類的“消息”。這是一軍網上的聯想：
從一篇軍事報道看納米比亞網友對中國的又愛又恨
還有中英對照。原文提到的“根據中國媒體的報道，沃爾維斯灣將是中國在海外建設的18個海軍基地中的一個，包括：北印度洋的巴基斯坦，斯裏蘭卡和緬甸；西印度洋的吉布提，也門，阿曼，肯尼亞，坦桑尼亞，莫桑比克；以及中南印度洋的塞舌爾和馬達加斯加”
原文提到的“根據中國媒體的報道，沃爾維斯灣將是中國在海外建設的18個海軍基地中的一個，包括：北印度洋的巴基斯坦，斯裏蘭卡和緬甸；西印度洋的吉布提，也門，阿曼，肯尼亞，坦桑尼亞，莫桑比克；以及中南印度洋的塞舌爾和馬達加斯加”挺逗的，“根據中國媒體的報道”。
連簡史周刊也跟上了：
（新浪轉載）
簡氏稱中國擬在海外建近20個海軍基地 半數在非洲
http://mil.news.sina.com.cn/2014-11-25/0943812545.html
鳳凰還有專門的評論：
http://v.ifeng.com/mil/mainland/201411/0140da6f-879d-45a2-82df-b748a7211fd8.shtml
中國首個海外軍事基地曝光 將直騁大西洋
美國的《國家利益》網站自然不落後了，這是一個轉載：
美媒：海外軍民兩用設施或助中國海軍遠洋部署
http://www.chinanews.com/mil/2014/11-09/6763226.shtml
國內盛傳中國的“珍珠鏈”戰略，比如解放軍珍珠鏈戰略 將在海外建海軍基地，但此文則猜測中國沒這意思。
2013·01·08
環球網軍事：【圖說】中國的海外利益和安全戰略報告
http://mil.cnr.cn/jstp/201301/t20130108_511731456.html
此時習近平剛剛上台。
多達11個：外媒首次曝光中國海軍海外基地分布圖
華爾街日報
In Sri Lanka’s Post-Tsunami Rise, China Is Key
Town’s $1 Billion Port, Quiet Airport Raise Questions of What Strings Are Attached
http://www.wsj.com/articles/in-sri-lankas-post-tsunami-rise-china-is-key-1418938382
WALL STREET JOURNAL
By PATRICK BARTA
Dec. 18, 2014 4:33 p.m. ET
A billion-dollar port in Hambantota, Sri Lanka, is being built with Chinese money
http://baike.baidu.com/link?url=uAPscXVON3KTLrvrB2d8TPlOj8Jmk2iTuXAyuY8SN3E1HSnBWJjM4PIFvPIbAByBoopXBC5CJMr2SianpIgA1q
http://baike.baidu.com/link?url=o7F3nJcusHLIxVdu0uEkHog9h31vD3IKRctayUFshM4xsyQbroJ23G_k1iKJQSFFnv3uHGch62pSBJlpEMDYyK
http://yunvs.com/neican/nc91002354.html#
HAMBANTOTA, Sri Lanka—When the Indian Ocean tsunami pulverized much of this town 10 years ago, locals wondered if it would ever recover. Then China stepped in.
It came through with money for big projects including a $1 billion port and a $209 million airport.
It is also providing assistance for other developments across Sri Lanka, including a $500 million Colombo port expansion, new highways and rail links, a $1.4 billion landfill project near Colombo’s financial district and a $1.3 billion power plant.
Such aid reflects how Beijing has stepped up to replace Western-backed financing for many projects in developing countries as it vies for greater economic and strategic influence in Asia. In Sri Lanka, such aid has been key in the reconstruction after the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami that killed 35,000 people here on Dec. 26, 2004.
But it has also raised concern over what strings may be attached.
As countries tally their progress 10 years after the tsunami, which left 228,000 people dead or missing across more than a dozen countries, Sri Lanka has in some respects staged a remarkable resurgence, especially since a 26-year civil war ended in 2009. Most coastal areas are rebuilt, tourism is surging and investment is rebounding.
Many Sri Lankans credit the Chinese cash for helping fuel that recovery after decades of civil war drained its coffers.
Even though the economy has grown by more than 6% a year since the war with the Tamil Tigers ended, businesspeople say it is still sometimes hard to get cash from Western lenders, who demand highly detailed feasibility and environmental studies. Officials say some of China’s loans come with discounted interest rates.
“China just came and said, ‘Let’s get it done.’ And [things] got done,” said Ajit Gunewardene, deputy chairman of John Keells Holdings, a tourism and services conglomerate. He cited a highway from Sri Lanka’s main airport to central Colombo that cuts travel times by half. It was envisioned in 1969 but languished until China offered financing after the tsunami, he said.
To others, China’s money is a potential curse, making Sri Lanka overly dependent on a rising power that could demand payback in unexpected ways. Some worry Beijing could force Sri Lanka to welcome Chinese military vessels at facilities China is helping build in Hambantota and Colombo.
Others are concerned over what they say is a lack of transparency in the loans and over what happens if Sri Lanka can’t repay them. They worry President Mahinda Rajapaksa is pushing some projects that don’t make economic sense to bolster his support before elections next year, which Sri Lankan officials deny.
“It’s a very dangerous game we’re playing,” said Harsha de Silva, an opposition politician. “At the end of the day you give your pound of flesh.”
China’s support is also alarming India, which views greater Beijing involvement in Sri Lanka as a security risk, especially after a Chinese submarine surfaced at Colombo’s port this year.
“If these sorts of activities become more frequent, the Indian Ocean will become a familiar operating area for the Chinese Navy, bringing them much closer to the Indian peninsula,” said C. Uday Bhaskar, a retired Indian Navy commodore and director of the New Delhi-based Society for Policy Studies.
A China Foreign Ministry spokesman said its support for Sri Lanka is aimed at boosting commercial ties for “mutual benefit” and that speculation over military or other objectives is “groundless.”
In the first state visit to Sri Lanka by a Chinese head of state in 28 years, Chinese President Xi Jinping in September visited the Colombo Port City Project being built by China Harbour Engineering Co. on landfill, with plans for a Formula One track and a 100-story skyscraper.
Mr. Xi has also upped the ante recently with Chinese money for the rest of Asia, pushing a $50 billion Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank and a $40 billion Chinese “Silk Road Fund,” aimed at improving trade and transport links in Asia.
David Brewster, a researcher at Australian National University, said China probably sees a number of advantages to its Sri Lanka investments, even if some projects underperform. Sri Lanka could become a new base for Chinese manufacturing as costs in China rise, he said, while big projects there yield contracts for its state companies.
Military considerations can’t be ignored, he said. “There probably is some element of truth that they’re trying to leverage their investments into some broader strategic advantage,” he said.
Chinese money is certainly changing Hambantota, a sleepy outpost of about 25,000 people, which lost more than 1,500 in the tsunami. Many survivors were moved to concrete and corrugated-metal homes a few kilometers inland.
The money really started flowing after Mr. Rajapaksa, a local politician, became president in 2005 and Sri Lanka’s war ended. In addition to China, South Korea helped pay for a new convention center; European donors also contributed.
Other big new projects in the town include a 10-story hospital under construction near signs warning of wild peacocks.
For now, many of the projects appear to be underused. Stray dogs sleep in the road leading to the airport, which opened in 2013 and handles a half-dozen flights daily. It had only one car in the parking lot during a recent afternoon visit.
But it is central to ambitions of turning Hambantota into a tourist hub, as arrivals surge nationwide.
Hong Kong-based Shangri-La Hotels & Resorts is planning a resort with more than 300 rooms. Signs advertise a Hyatt Regency opening in 2016.
But it is the sprawling port complex, already partly open, that is Hambantota’s centerpiece. Phase one is 85% financed by the Export-Import Bank of China. A joint venture of Chinese companies will handle further expansion.
Designed to be one of the biggest ports in Asia when fully built, it now attracts 45 to 50 ships a month, said Sri Lanka Ports Authority engineer Chaminda Bandara, compared with about 350 at Colombo’s port.
The goal is to take advantage of Sri Lanka’s location north of one of the world’s busiest shipping lanes. Officials want more traffic to stop in Hambantota to refuel or transfer goods for distribution across South Asia.
Chinese factories could also use local labor in an industrial zone being set up nearby.
The port doesn’t generate enough revenue to pay its debt obligations, Mr. Bandara said. Sri Lanka’s government is responsible for the difference.
That is not a problem, said Eraj Ravindra Fernando, the local mayor. There will be new jobs and “significant profits, massive profits,” he said.
For some families, the upside remains to be seen. Locals displaced by the tsunami say they are grateful for the houses and land they got from the government and aid groups. But conditions are grim, with standing water in dirt roads, piles of trash and a greater distance to travel to fish or work.
Benefits from Hambantota’s big developments “may not come to us,” said 42-year-old N.M. Salahuddin, a laborer. Inside his house of concrete blocks painted aqua blue. “But we hope it will come to our children.”
—Uditha Jayasinghe in Colombo, Niharika Mandhana in New Delhi and Lilian Lin in Beijing contributed to this article.
【附錄】
Warning Sounded on Cuts to Pilot Training
2014·12·19
A decision by Air Force officials to reduce flying time in order to cut costs has meant many U.S. pilots now receive fewer training hours than counterparts among some European allies, India and even China, according to U.S. military officials.
The training cutbacks, ordered as part of a government budget squeeze, are giving rise to concerns about the preparedness of fighter squadrons in some areas, notably South Korea, where tensions with North Korea remain high.
U.S. pilots in South Korea flew only 120 training hours this year, Air Force officials said, and pilots in the U.S. flew on average even fewer hours—far less than a generation ago, when officers logged up to 300 hours yearly.
According to U.S. intelligence assessments, Chinese pilots receive as many as 150 hours of training a year, officials said.
An Air Force F-16 fighter jet set to land during an exercise at the Osan U.S. Air Base in South Korea in April. Associated Press
U.S. officials noted China is investing heavily in pilot training and developing a new stealth fighter. "They are making a concerted effort to increase the quantity and quality of their training while we are doing the opposite," said one official. A Chinese embassy representative in Washington didn't respond to a request for comment.
In addition to training cutbacks, the Air Force last year temporarily closed its elite training center in Nevada, the Weapons School, and canceled its top training exercise, known as Red Flag, meant to improve pilots' combat-survivability skills.
The Air Force had planned to spend $4.7 billion this fiscal year on training, but budget cutbacks trimmed that by $434 million.
Some liberals and deficit hawks in Congress argue that Pentagon spending should be curbed even more. Sen. Bernie Sanders (I., Vt.) noted Thursday that the U.S. spends as much on defense as the rest of the world combined.
Military officials counter that spending cuts in the past two years have led to a decline in "readiness"—a euphemism for the likelihood service members can survive a fight and overpower U.S. enemies.
Independent defense analysts said the budget dynamics of recent years have forced many short-term Pentagon fixes—such as grounding planes and cutting flying time—instead of long-term or permanent changes such as reducing the force, closing bases or retiring older planes.
"The strength of the Department of Defense is to think beyond today," said David Berteau, a defense analyst at the nonpartisan Center for Strategic and International Studies. But he said the budget dynamic has inhibited the ability to do that. "The question is do you maintain more airplanes and airmen or do you have a smaller force but a more ready one?" he said. "That is the core trade off; it is capability vs. capacity."
The budget bill cleared Wednesday by the Senate will allow the Air Force to restore some flying hours. But many of the cuts will continue. "Readiness and training problems will persist because the top line is coming down," said Raymond Conley, a defense analyst at Rand Corp., a think tank that does research for the government.
Many lawmakers oppose solutions such as closing bases or retiring older airplanes. "Once you retire a whole air platform, it's not like you can press a button and bring them out of mothballs," said Rep. Rob Wittman (R., Va.), chairman of the readiness subcommittee of the House Armed Services Committee. "The whole idea of this nation's strategy needs to be driven by where the threats exist, not budgets."
Air Force officials warn that the reductions could have national security implications. "Our training system is still the best in the world," said Air Force Lt. Gen. Burton M. Field, the service's deputy chief of staff for operations. But funding cuts are putting that at risk, he said. "Are we there yet? I don't think so. But I do know we are at a place where we have a lot of squadrons that aren't ready to go to the Korea fight."
The Air Force's budget squeeze is compounded by the bills it faces to modernize its force. To offset purchases and restore training, officials are considering the elimination its KC-10 refueling tankers, A-10 ground attack planes, and MQ-1 Predator drones. But those cuts are unpopular with some lawmakers, who appear likely to block them, officials said.
The training cutbacks have fallen heaviest on younger, more inexperienced pilots. Experienced pilots resumed flying first because they have responsibility for training junior officers. As a result, it takes longer for young pilots to move from wingman to flight lead to instructor pilot, according to the Air Force.
"You know the game chutes and ladders? What we are finding right now is the chutes are longer than the ladders," said Lt. Col Brian Stahl, a F-16 pilot. "We need to get the younger pilots back flying more, and that is what we are having difficulty doing right now."
Air Force officials worry that basic skills have grown rusty. "When pilots don't fly, they make mistakes," Gen. Field said. "In a high-threat environment is when mistakes become deadly."
嘿，五毛太多了，中國水平還是屬於初級
Hacked emails reveal China’s elaborate and absurd internet propaganda machine
一場對中國危機重重的戰爭
不是土地、文化、經濟間的戰爭，也不是與其它國家間的戰爭。
全球70億人有21億胖子 中國肥胖人口排世界第二（英國《柳葉刀》）
http://world.huanqiu.com/article/2014-05/5009597.html
全球肥胖人口中最多的是美國人。全美共有7800萬名肥胖人士，占全球肥胖者總數的13%。中國的肥胖人口排全球第二，肥胖人數為4600萬。
全世界人民都在胖，但是“中國式肥胖”又有兩個特色趨勢（《柳葉刀》）
http://view.news.qq.com/original/intouchtoday/n2908.html
http://view.news.qq.com/a/20140906/002846.htm
http://sl.cn-healthcare.com/article/20141014/content-461674.html
http://oncol.dxy.cn/article/85540
http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736%2814%2961421-5/fulltext
http://www.tianxiawuai.com/topic/540e56010e9231db25104fd1
http://www.ahgwgg.com/jiaoyu/351.html
http://view.news.qq.com/a/20140906/002846.htm
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2014中國進出口
2014年：
進出口總值 26.43萬億元，同比增長2.3%
出口 14.39萬億元，增長4.9%
進口 12.04萬億元，同比下降0.6%
貿易順差 2.35萬億元，同比增長45.9%
參見：
2014年外貿增速2.3% 遠低年初7.5%目標
海關總署回應外貿增速未達目標：2.3%已不易
我國去年石油產量2.1億噸 同比增0.7%
然而，不能隻看這單一的數據。這是商品貿易順差，沒有算上服務業的順逆差，在服務業上，中國的逆差巨大，大概（我的估計，還沒有最後數據）是商品貿易順差的六成。最大的一項，是中國人在外國旅遊的消費（包括買奢飾品。現金出入，好算）。換句話說，貿易順差，中國人花掉了（也可以說是享受了）。算是老百姓累了，改善生活吧。
Chinese Tourist Spending Hit Record Last Year Amid Income Gains
Spent a record $164.8 billion
Travel deficit $113.6 billion
好像還不夠大。
2015.01.04：中國服務貿易連續20年逆差 逆差規模進一步拉大
商務部數據，2014年1-11月，我國服務進出口總額達5312.5億美元，比上年同期增長12.5%，高於同期貨物進出口增幅9.1個百分點。服務進、出口均實現兩位數增長。1-11月，服務出口1990.3億美元，同比增長13.2%；服務進口3322.2億美元，同比增長12%。預計全年服務進出口總額將超過5800億美元，同比增長10%以上。
逆差3322億美元，隻占商品逆差的15%（12月推算），大大低於我的預料。
從行業看，旅遊、運輸服務、專有權利使用費和特許費、保險服務是我國服務貿易逆差的主要來源。
旅遊局：中國成旅遊服務貿易逆差最大國說法是誤導
怎麽回事？
因此，要正確測算出真實的入出境旅遊花費差，就必須扣除上述因素。根據國家信息中心課題組的初步調查研究，扣除上述因素後，不僅沒有所謂巨額的中國旅遊貿易逆差，還存在順差。2013年國際旅遊支出為1286億美元，國際旅遊收入516.64億美元，扣除留學費用約為400億美元，奢侈品消費近500億美元，以及幾個主要國家和地區出境和入境旅遊人均花費差距、回流等因素，至少有順差上百億美元。
那旅遊局為什麽不提供數據，或解釋為什麽沒有數據？記者為什麽不追問？
【原油進口】
據2014我國進出口總值26.43萬億 比13年增長2.3%，2114年進口原油3.1億噸，比我早些時候估計的2.8億要高，大概是中國年底加速進口之功（參見）。不過進口價不可能是$70一桶，所以難說中國從近幾個月的價格得到的利益全年平攤也有每桶$30。姑且算是$10吧。這麽一算，中國還是省了217億美元。
這個更樂觀：
謝謝OPEC！ 中國可省1000億美元
http://wallstreetcn.com/node/213536
商務部新聞發言人沈丹陽記者會偶不少細節。
重要能源資源產品進口價格走低，節約了大量外匯支出，僅原油、鐵礦砂、銅礦砂、銅材、橡膠、化肥、大豆和穀物8種商品就少支出約485億美元。
零頭，但也不賴。
另外，高盛（Goldman Sachs）有另外一個估計。據彭博報道，
Washington Post with Bloomberg20140113：China’s $300 Billion Errors May Mask Outflows, Goldman Says
“...net outflows of more than $300 billion since 2010, that included a record $63 billion in the third quarter of 2014...”
高盛猜測這是有錢人在反腐運動中將財產暗暗移到海外。如果2014年全年資產外流是800億美元，那占了商品貿易順差的兩成。
中國資金湧到哪兒去了？
出口盈餘
外匯儲備不升反降
2013年虛增貿易千億美元？
作者 郭麗琴來源: 第一財經日報
http://www.yicai.com/news/2015/01/4064822.html
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中國向拉美投資2500億美元
1月8日，拉美及加勒比海國家（不包括美國和加拿大）共同體領導人首次齊聚北京出席為期兩天的中國-拉美及加勒比海國家共同體論壇。習近平宣布未來十年內中國政府將向拉丁美洲投資2500億美元，習近平在論壇開幕演講中指出未來十年中國與拉美國家之間的貿易額或將增至5000億美元。
中國的一貫立場是經濟平等互助，而且海外投資有益於中國擴大海外市場，符合中國的利益，不過無疑這上千億美元投資將大幅提升中國在該地區的影響力。不少人卻說中國意在美國家門口插上一手。
德國之聲：用2500億來澆灌“中國夢”
路透社：China's Xi woos Latin America with $250 bln investments
英國廣播公司：中國冀十年對拉美投資達2500億美元
其實，中國在拉丁美洲一直有巨大的投資，在2013年底：
Move Over EU, China To Become Latin America's 2nd Biggest Trade Partner By 2016
習近平、彭麗媛在墨西哥
貿易額僅次於美國。
經濟學人雜誌
最近，又有中國民間投資尼加拉瓜挖運河（中資修建尼加拉瓜運河正式動工）
環球：中美洲尼加拉瓜大運河開工 中國公司有百年運營權
美國的反調：華郵Why the Chinese-backed Nicaragua canal may be a disaster
（此項投資確實有不少含糊之處。）
美國也早就有人敲警鍾了：
2014·10·15：As The U.S. Sleeps, China Conquers Latin America
專家：中拉“談戀愛” 美國著急也白搭
http://finance.huanqiu.com/hongguan/2015-01/5394461.html
瞎說。
實際上，中國覺得自己是真心沒跟美國掙的意思，而且上次讓汪洋委屈，裝孫子一回，不少人很憤怒。中國的態度，連美國人都相信，這是美國外交政策雜誌的總結（原文附錄在底下）：
外交政策雜誌2014·10·15：A Chinese View of the World’s Most Important Relationship
Forget all the doom and gloom; 2014 was not bad to Sino-U.S. ties
在這大環境下，像委內瑞拉這樣無能的政府（參見: 最慘石油國 委內瑞拉通脹或達1000%）也得以撿了天上掉下來的餡餅兒。習近平稱委內瑞拉總統馬杜羅是“中國人民的老朋友”，就這麽一句話，委內瑞拉不但不用還債，還得了一筆新錢：
Maduro Travels to China for Financing, Oil Nations for Plan
（見上麵引的路透社報道）
On Wednesday, Venezuelan President Nicolas Maduro said he had secured more than $20 billion in investment from China, while Ecuador said it obtained a total of $7.53 billion in credit lines and loans from China.
Why China Just Made A $20B Investment In Venezuela
http://www.bloombergview.com/articles/2015-01-25/china-s-turn-to-gouge-latin-america
世界2015風雲圖
這麽熱鬧，沒安倍什麽事兒，這還是經濟學人雜誌日本版？世界第三經濟，慘。
http://vigilantcitizen.com/vigilantreport/economist-2015-cover-filled-cryptic-symbols-dire-predictions/
【附錄】
外交政策雜誌2014·10·15：A Chinese View of the World’s Most Important Relationship
Forget all the doom and gloom; 2014 was not bad to Sino-U.S. ties
JINGZHOU, China — This year, believe it or not, has been good to the Sino-U.S. relationship. Cui Tiankai, Beijing’s top envoy in Washington, described growing trust between the two countries as “a fairly obvious trend” on Dec. 12. In a year-end review on Dec. 17, China’s official Xinhua News Agency compared Sino-U.S. ties to “a vessel that keeps moving ahead” even while buffeted by waves. As evidence of close relations, the piece cited the two face-to-face meetings that took place between Chinese President Xi Jinping and U.S. President Barack Obama in 2014, as well as the multiple joint agreements the two nations signed during President Obama’s visit to Beijing last month, including a climate change agreement and a deal to cut tariffs on high-tech goods. And person-to-person ties are only likely to grow. Statistics from Ctrip.com, China’s largest online travel agency, showed that applications for U.S. visas had gone up 50 percent since early November, when China and the U.S. agreed to a reciprocal 10-year visa policy for tourists, students and business personnel.
This all may seem counterintuitive — mutual tensions over cyber-espionage, maritime disputes, and trade often dominate both countries’ media coverage of the relationship. Yet from the perspective of China’s government, 2014 was in fact a reasonably constructive year for the world’s most important bilateral relationship, with particularly important breakthroughs in defense, high-tech trade, and the battle against climate change. Meanwhile, sentiments among Chinese people themselves remain mixed about their country’s shifting dynamics with the United States as China’s spheres of influence continue to expand. Intellectuals often find it welcoming that the two powers are trying to reach agreement in contentious areas. At the grassroots level, spontaneous nationalist reactions to perceived U.S containment are common.
In any case, the upper echelons of Chinese power share something with the country’s grassroots: Both understand that China is not the superpower that the United States is, and cannot become one without radical changes to the status quo at home and abroad.
In any case, the upper echelons of Chinese power share something with the country’s grassroots: Both understand that China is not the superpower that the United States is, and cannot become one without radical changes to the status quo at home and abroad. Chinese Vice Premier Wang Yang put it bluntly and humbly in Chicago on Dec. 17, when he told the China-U.S. Joint Commission on Commerce and Trade that Beijing is neither willing nor able to challenge U.S. dominance of the global economic order, and that “in the process of cooperation, China hopes the United States would come to understand Chinese ideas more.” Chinese netizens across the political spectrum accept this strategy. Self-proclaimed democracy advocates such as Jing Yunchuan, a Beijing-based head lawyer, stress the necessity to cooperate with the U.S. and not resist it, while even hawkish observers like Gary Su, who edits a popular military website, welcome the strategy, believing it will buy China more time to rise as American supremacy falls. Conservative netizens like Yin Guoming, though, call that wishful thinking from Beijing. Yin, in particular, is convinced that “the U.S. will perceive China as a threat as long as China is not torn into pieces.”
Military-to-military engagement has been a particular highlight of the evolving relationship. Sino-U.S. military relations are “at their best point since the 1990s,” concluded Major General Yao Yunzhu, who heads the Center on China-U.S. Defense Relations at the Chinese Academy of Military Science, at a panel of the annual meeting of Beijing’s popular nationalist tabloid Global Times in early December. After 16 years of negotiations, Chinese and American armed forces agreed in November to notify each other of major military actions. A code of conduct was implemented in early December to cover unplanned encounters at sea. Also in December, Beijing asked the U.S. Air Force Space Command to share information on possible satellite and satellite debris collisions directly with the China National Space Administration – without needing to go through the Chinese Foreign Ministry and the U.S. State Department. And earlier this year, from June to August, China participated for the first time in this year’s U.S.-hosted Rim of the Pacific Drills, the largest international maritime exercise. (China also sent an uninvited surveillance ship to lurk at the drills, which its U.S. host mildly but sardonically described as “a little odd.”) Online, investment analyst Hu Zhanhao, who ordinarily comments on macroeconomic trends but is also vocal on global current affairs, applauded the achievements as an illustration of China’s growing power and confidence. Pilot-turned-leftist-analyst Guo Songmin downplayed those efforts, arguing instead that “going Dutch” – the idea of working together while minding their own business – best captures Sino-U.S. relations today.
Despite the historic import of military-to-military engagement, its nuances are often lost on the Chinese public. Here in Jingzhou, a town deep in the hub of the Yangtze River, discussions of Sino-U.S. military relations are mostly limited to the long-retired elderly, who fondly recall stories of fighting “U.S. imperialist wolves” as members of the “unofficial” Chinese Army of Volunteers during the Korean War of 1950-53. Teenagers, meanwhile, only unintentionally engage in the topic by playing in Internet bars, where Command & Conquer: Generals, a 2003 computer game that depicts Chinese and American armies’ joint operations against a make-believe global terrorist group, remains popular.
Beijing believes it senses weakness in the Obama administration
To be sure, Beijing believes it senses weakness in the Obama administration. Rightly or wrongly, Chinese policymakers believe they see signs of weak and unpopular leadership in the Democratic Party’s failure in the midterm elections, the widespread protests in the wake of the Aug. 9 killing of unarmed black teenager Michael Brown by white police officer Darren Wilson in Ferguson, Missouri, and the U.S.-led coalition’s unsuccessful attempts at containing extremist activity worldwide. China’s growing assertiveness and confidence in dealing with Uncle Sam this year was most evident at home, where authorities used anti-monopoly laws to force U.S. firms to lower their prices. U.S. firms believe they are being disproportionally targeted, but online support is strong in China, where many feel that foreign nationals and businesses have enjoyed preferential treatment for too long.
As China’s anti-monopoly crackdown suggests, it was the realm of trade and investment where jostling for position between the world’s number one and number two economies was most starkly manifest. China confronted the so-called U.S. “pivot” to Asia with the Free Trade Area of the Asia-Pacific (FTAAP) arrangement, which it proposed at the Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Summit in Beijing in November. All 21 APEC member economies endorsed the FTAAP, overshadowing the U.S.-sponsored Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP), which excludes China and forms the basis of President Obama’s rebalance strategy. China and the U.S. are also at odds over another Chinese-led initiative, the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank, which Washington suspects will challenge existing transnational financial institutions such as the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund, and the Asian Development Bank.
Chinese media were awash with related articles. China Comment, Xinhua’s political commentary magazine, argued that the United States, in trying to push forward TPP, seeks to regain control of the Asia Pacific, advance its ideology and political system, and maintain global hegemony. Shanghai-based Dongfang Daily cited a government-sponsored scholar saying that unlike the U.S. arrangements, which entail stricter rules, China’s initiatives focus on “inclusive integration” of the region. The liberal Southern Weekend newspaper, meanwhile, said China is the only global player now who can and wants to finance alternative transnational frameworks. Discussions on social networks were also popular, with many contending with pride that the Chinese initiatives are superior. But Song Xiaojun, a Beijing-based military expert, wrote on Weibo that the race has just begun, and victory is still up for grabs. As “a poor guy whose wallets grew fat after 60 years of hard work,” Song counseled, China ought to remember to be patient.
Then there’s Chinese cyberspace, which Americans often associate with a vast system of politically-motivated censorship. Facebook-owned Instagram, once popular in the People’s Republic, has been inaccessible since late September. Gmail suffered the same fate on Dec. 26. In an editorial on Dec. 30, Global Times attempted to rationalize the latest ban by arguing that if Chinese authorities had indeed made Gmail’s services inaccessible in the country, then it is “bound to be caused by recently-surfaced major security concerns,” in which case Gmail users in China should “accept the reality.” Granted, these blocks were not well received by the Chinese public.
For most Chinese Internet users, however, cyberspace is driven by commerce and entertainment, not politics. The Internet’s primary uses for residents of first-tier cities were traffic navigation, trips, and personal finance. For those in smaller cities and towns, the web was used most often for entertainment. And for the small fraction of politically savvy Chinese netizens who feel strongly enough to leave digital footprints, views are divided between firm believers in the free flow of information and those who remain alert to alleged U.S. penetration of Chinese cyberspace. Across the board, though, most agree that the country deserves a better Internet, in terms of both technology and access. Even Global Times itself said in an editorial dated Dec. 16 that having an open Internet is a broad consensus among Chinese, and that China has no other option than to increase its Internet connectivity. Either way, those who might be pessimistic about China’s Internet governance and its dynamics with the U.S. this year should find positive light in the following facts: China has never officially acknowledged the censorship of leading websites; it is very keen on boosting Internet interconnectivity; and communism, which sees sharing as a precondition and says, in its manifesto, that “the free development of each is the condition for the free development of all,” remains the leading ideology and ultimate goal of its ruling party. While the Sino-U.S. relationship is bound by China’s historic legacies, it can also be empowered by them.
印尼排華文集
中國政府大概還是對此敏感，沒有公開的總結、研究，更沒有什麽定論，所以文章大多是民眾的反應，而且中文網站相互抄襲較多，常常不提供出處，作者、發表日期都難確定，隻能算是收集一下了。
例如：
【第一財經日報】印尼版4萬億投資：中國商機巨大
2014年09月30日
http://finance.sina.com.cn/stock/usstock/c/20140930/014320447692.shtml
又例如，中國目前首要衝突時日本，沒法兩麵臨敵。
穀歌搜索結果
維基：黑色五月暴動
http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%BB%91%E8%89%B2%E4%BA%94%E6%9C%88%E6%9A%B4%E5%8A%A8
鄧浩的日誌：自作孽不可活——印尼曆次排華與撤僑《轉載》（2012 05）
http://bbs.tianya.cn/post-worldlook-473487-1.shtml
天涯搜集的資料，關於印尼曆次排華事件及台灣當局在其中的作為（2014 05）
http://www.weibo.com/p/1001603710486863585323?from=page_100505_profile&wvr=6&mod=wenzhangmod
【大紀元】唐風：排華何以多次出現且華人損失慘重 （2014 12）
http://www.epochtimes.com/gb/14/12/27/n4327951.htm
印尼屠華背後的真相：中國政府的有力行動被掩蓋
時間：03-29 來源：百度貼吧 分享到：新浪微博人人網開心網騰訊微博豆瓣網 QQ空間
核心提示: 說到印尼98年的屠華事件，很多人總是義憤填膺，譴責我政府不作為。今與大家分享一篇文章，應該能夠從一定程度上了解當時的具體情況。本文有些觀點不僅可觀，言語稍有偏激，不代表本站觀點。
http://shehui.daqi.com/article/3432310_2.html
印尼“5-13”排華暴亂4周年 還有多少真相被隱瞞 （2002 05）
南方網
http://news.sohu.com/49/80/news200828049.shtml
吳金帆 林洛川 ：印尼排華運動的前因後果(一) （1999 10）
http://bbs.sjtu.edu.cn/bbsanc,path,%2Fgroups%2FGROUP_5%2Fhistory%2Fothers%2FDAEBBAB5E%2FDBC13EE67%2FM.940087669.A.html
印尼排華暴行的來龍去脈.........淩鋒
http://beijingspring.com/bj2/1998/140/20031213192143.htm
/陳樹慶：從印尼華人的遭遇中，我們能反省什麽？ （2011 12）
http://www.boxun.com/news/gb/pubvp/2011/12/201112122318.shtml
小林次郞——一個日本人眼中的98排華事件
【注：這個筆名據說是偽造的，別有用心】
http://www.ltaaa.com/bbs/thread-156336-1-1.html
百度搜索
百度：黑色五月暴動
http://baike.baidu.com/link?url=SAd8QFfXpBlDw1NIhgt76l3zXX0J0BGKLw89PSaj2NncImwFTGtWoQksbvgPFfWEJV_fWY7mUdLh-YjyFpKJ5K#reference-[5]-2160870-wrap
印尼雅加達中國城騷亂紀實 （2000 05）
編譯 一凡
http://www.people.com.cn/GB/channel2/702/20000516/66532.html
【中國網 china.com.cn】印尼“五月騷亂”15周年 記取教訓扼殺腐敗文化 （2013 05）
http://www.china.com.cn/international/txt/2013-05/15/content_28827884.htm
百度文科：印尼反華的原因分析
http://wenku.baidu.com/link?url=ghRdBYiDQ97Nx5VPFSD9Rh41BreFjTXIQVxAjGUNn1ZX795F9m4-h3V0cotHZrDwSf0Zkd3L8paz7RTZEbH7AzMZ4iHN3AQp4_vpkzM44De
印尼“ 排華暴動” 的深刻原因
發表時間：2014-06-01 21:14:41
http://www.qiao-you.com/index.php/article/detail/uid/25387.html
1967年印尼排華：20萬華僑慘遭殺戮 數百人被挖心2012年08月19日 09:58
來源：黨史縱橫 作者：劉一斌
http://news.ifeng.com/history/zhongguoxiandaishi/detail_2012_08/19/16917994_2.shtml
（得注冊）http://blog.renren.com/share/422510481/15788524438
新聞檔案：印尼1998年“5.13”大排華紀實2006-05-15 15:45:43 來源: 鳳凰網
http://news.163.com/06/0515/15/2H64GAJK0001121M.html
印尼排華騷亂已過10年 真相在印仍受質疑
2008年05月13日11:58 環球網
http://news.qq.com/a/20080513/003038.htm
廈門點擊查看廈門及更多城市天氣預報大學南洋研究院院長莊國土12日在接受《環球時報》記者采訪時介紹說，盡管印尼社會仍存在否認聲音，但暴力事件10年後，印尼對華人的種族歧視問題已得到顯著改善。“印尼官方已取消‘族群標識’政策。華人可以過春節，可以享受基本三、四百年未曾享有的政治權利。”莊國土說，“在印華人已經迎來最好的時期。”
於韻（音）也對法新社記者說，她沒有感到過本土印尼人對她的“憎惡之情”。她說：“在印尼唐人街，華人與印尼當地人已相互融合。在這裏，任何種族都不分彼此，沒有差異。”
據《環球時報》駐印尼特派記者孫天仁介紹，目前，印尼當地華人並沒有針對“排華騷亂十周年祭”組織大規模的活動，華人們對此的態度也大多比較“謹慎”。現在，印尼總統和官員都在不同場合提到“融合”這一概念。在印華人也的確在文化等多方麵融入了當地社會。
莊國土表示，“98年排華騷亂”給在印華人帶來的巨大創傷不容抹去，在事實麵前，一部人否認曆史的做法完全是徒勞的。10年前，是蘇哈托政權將金融危機的怒火轉移到印尼華人身上，而引發了底層百姓對華人的暴行
民間反應：
曆史七日談（第30期） http://www.shunde.gov.cn/sdpubgov/xxgkml/view.php?id=40300008255/2013-05573
http://bbs.hefei.cc/thread-4895669-1-1.html （殘忍）
http://zhidao.baidu.com/link?url=A5snBTWt_J_rJaSMYcmToTacCwegzRIb0sP9k2FHB5kwQ0LNfGR6vHR1QWfcZ5u87l1IYQUYz4IejnkcN_H-IKMOkjjRPaAEWi0GI762MN3
http://forum.qidian.com/NewForum/Detail.aspx?threadid=175447379
http://szbbs.sznews.com/thread-1218142-1-1.html
國務委員唐家璿會見印尼外長哈桑
2006/06/13
http://id.china-embassy.org/chn/JRZG/t257731.htm
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