yingyudidida的博客
duhduhda
正常英語Normal English。指平時大家學習使用的英語。
基本英語Basic English。指從正常英語中精簡提煉後的核心英語
http://ogden.basic-english.org/texts/lbe1.html
http://ogden.basic-english.org/texts/lbe.html
CHAPTER TWO
The Vocabulary
What is the difference between visiting a man and going to see him, extracting a tooth and taking it out, forbidding a person solid food and saying, he may not have it, preparing a meal and getting one ready, retiring at 10 P.M. and going to bed at that hour, rising at 7 A.M. and getting up then, dispatching a message and sending one, maintaining silence and keeping quiet, assisting your friends and helping them, commenting on something they do and making an observation about it, enlisting in one of the services and joining up, occupying a house and living in it, concentrating on your work and putting your mind on it? What we do is the same whether we bestow $10 upon a man or give it to him. The difference is a purely verbal one. We give an account in different words of the same thing. The second way of saying it is in every case a Basic way. It keeps to the vocabulary and rules of the system of Basic English.
下麵這兩種方式的表達的有什麽不同嗎？：
visiting a man 和 going to see him,
extracting a tooth和taking it out,
forbidding a person solid food和saying, he may not have it,
preparing a meal和getting one ready,
retiring at 10 P.M. 和going to bed at that hour,
rising at 7 A.M. 和getting up then,
dispatching a message和sending one,
maintaining silence和keeping quiet,
assisting your friends and helping them,
commenting on something they do和making an observation about it,
enlisting in one of the services和joining up,
occupying a house和living in it,
concentrating on your work和putting your mind on it?
we bestow $10 upon a man和 we give $10 to him.
沒什麽不同。同樣的東西可以用不同的詞來描述。第二種描述就是用的基本英語的詞匯。
Every book in or about Basic carries with it a list of these 850 words in eight and a half columns and a summary of simple rules for putting them together.
基本英語的詞匯分為3部分，600個有關於東西事情的名詞（THINGS）包括抽象的和具體的, 150個有關於品質特質的形容詞（QUALITIES）, 還有100個關於功能性的詞（OPERATIONS）。
It will help to put them under different headings, THINGS, QUALITIES, and OPERATIONS, etc., as the Basic chart divides them. Six hundred Basic THINGS provide us with the words for abstract ideas and concrete objects; 150 QUALITIES gives us adjectives for refining these ideas and describing the objects; and the compact left-hand column of 100 OPERATIONS, etc., furnishes a newcomer to the language with the neatest little kit for building English sentences that has yet been devised. Understand the sub-groupings of the OPERATIONS list and you have a bird's-eye view of the syntax of your own language. It summarizes the essential means we have for expressing relations between things -- that is, for building sentences.
When you look over one or the other of the short samples of Basic restatement given above you will readily see which words in it come out of which Basic group. In take a tooth out, for example, tooth is the only word from the list of THINGS. Take, a, and out will be found in the OPERATIONS column. For building the sentence, I say that this person may not have solid food, you use two names for THINGS, one adjective giving a QUALITY of one of these things and seven OPERATIONS words by means of which you are able to express the relation which you have in mind between the person on one hand and solid food on the other. If you were a Dutchman or a Mongolian, of course, setting out on your first English lesson, even with the simple start that Basic provides, it wouldn't be easy to put such sentences together. You'd first have to get to know English word order and the inflected forms of pronouns and verbs for which you will find only the head word I, he, you, who and have, be, do, etc., in the OPERATIONS column. English-speaking people know me, my, mine, we, us, our, and the rest. They know how to use the tenses of the verb in its different persons and numbers, and which order to put their words in (doer of the act, operator, thing done, etc.). Their task in learning Basic is very much simpler : (a) （完全沒有必要吧）finding out and remembering which words are on the list, (b) getting to know which of the various familiar ways of using these words are permitted in the system. They can get a general idea of it very quickly. Part (b) of this task is the subject of the next chapter; part (a) of the rest of this chapter.
EXERCISE I . 練習 （省略）。
