大醫精誠--孫思邈

大醫精誠--孫思邈

【原文】凡大醫治病，必當安神定誌，無欲無求，先發大慈側隱之心,誓願普救含靈之苦。若有疾厄來求救者，不得問其責賤貧富，長幼妍媸，怨親善友，華夷智愚，普同一等，皆如至親之想；亦不得瞻前顧後，自慮吉凶，護惜身命。見彼苦惱，若己有之，深心淒愴，勿避艱險、晝夜、寒暑、饑渴、疲勞，一心赴救，無作功夫形跡之心，如此可為蒼生大醫：反此則是含靈巨賊，……其有患瘡痘、下痢，臭穢不可瞻視，人所惡見者，但發慚愧淒憐憂恤之意，不得起一念蒂芥之心，是吾之誌也。

【釋義】凡是優秀的醫生治病，一定要神誌專一，心平氣和，不可有其他雜念，首先要有慈悲同情之心，決心解救大眾的疾苦。如果患者前來就醫，不要看他的地位高低、貧富及老少美醜，是仇人還是親人，是一般關係還是密切的朋友，是華人還是外族，是聰明的人還是愚笨的人，都應一樣看待，象對待自己的親人一樣替他們著想；也不能顧慮重重、猶豫不決、考慮自身的利弊和顧惜自己的性命。見著對方因疾病而苦惱，就要象自己有病一樣體貼他，發自內心對病人有同情感，不要躲避艱險，無論是白天還是黑夜，寒冷或暑熱，饑渴或疲勞，要一心一意地去救治他，不要裝模做樣，心裏另有想法，嘴裏借故推托。做到這些，才可以成為大眾的好醫生。若與此相反，則對大眾無益而有大害……有人患瘡瘍、瀉痢，汙臭不堪入目的，甚至別人都很厭惡看到的，醫生必須發自內心同情、體貼病人、深感難受，不能產生一點別的念頭，這就是我的心願啊。

附錄：

希波克拉底誓言——一個醫生的職業道德準則

醫神阿波羅、埃斯克雷彼斯及天地諸神作證，我 ——希波克拉底發誓：

我願以自身判斷力所及，遵守這一誓約。凡教給我醫術的人，我應像尊敬自己的父母一樣，尊敬他。作為終身尊重的對象及朋友，授給我醫術的恩師一旦發生危急情況，我一定接濟他。把恩師的兒女當成我希波克拉底的兄弟姐妹；如果恩師的兒女願意從醫，我一定無條件地傳授，更不收取任何費用。對於我所擁有的醫術，無論是能以口頭表達的還是可書寫的，都要傳授給我的兒女，傳授給恩師的兒女和發誓遵守本誓言的學生；除此三種情況外，不再傳給別人。

我願在我的判斷力所及的範圍內，盡我的能力，遵守為病人謀利益的道德原則，並杜絕一切墮落及害人的行為。我不得將有害的藥品給予他人，也不指導他人服用有害藥品，更不答應他人使用有害藥物的請求。尤其不施行給婦女墮胎的手術。我誌願以純潔與神聖的精神終身行醫。因我沒有治療結石病的專長，不宜承擔此項手術，有需要治療的，我就將他介紹給治療結石的專家。

無論到了什麽地方，也無論需診治的病人是男是女、是自由民是奴婢，對他們我一視同仁，為他們謀幸福是我惟一的目的。我要檢點自己的行為舉止，不做各種害人的劣行，尤其不做誘奸女病人或病人眷屬的缺德事。在治病過程中，凡我所見所聞，不論與行醫業務有否直接關係，凡我認為要保密的事項堅決不予泄漏。

我遵守以上誓言，目的在於讓醫神阿波羅、埃斯克雷彼斯及天地諸神賜給我生命與醫術上的無上光榮；一旦我違背了自己的誓言，請求天地諸神給我最嚴厲的懲罰！

Hippocratic Oath：
I swear by Apollo Physician by Asclepius, by Health, by Panacea, and by all the gods and goddesses, making them my witnesses, that I will carry out, according to my ability and judgment, this oath and this indenture.
To hold my teacher in this art equal to my own parents; to make him partner in my livelihood; when he is in need of money to share mine with him; to consider his family as my own brothers, and to teach them this art, if they want learn it, without fee or indenture.

To impart precept, oral instruction, and all other instruction to my own son, the sons of my teacher, and to indentures pupils who have taken the physician's oath, but to nobody else.
 I will use treatment to help the sick according to my ability and judgment, but never with a view to injury and wrongdoing. Neither will I administer a poison to anybody when asked to do so, nor will I suggest such a course.

Similarly, I will not give to a woman a pessary to cause abortion. But I will keep pure and holy both my life and my art.

I will not use the knife, not even, verily, on sufferers from stone, but I will give place to such as are craftsmen therein, Into whatsoever houses I enter, I will enter to help the sick, and I will abstain from all intentional wrongdoing and harm, especially from abusing the bodies of man or woman, bond or free.
And whatsoever I shall see or hear in the course of my profession, as well as outside my profession in my intercourse with men, if it be what should not be published abroad, I will never divulge, holding such things to be holy secrets.

Now, if I carry out this oath, and break it not, may I gain forever reputation among all men for my life and for my art; but if I transgress it and forswear myself, may the opposite befall me.