人生的三大境界
王國維在他的《人間詞話》中說, 對於成就大事業和大學問的人, 人生有三種境界 .
第一境界: 昨夜西風凋碧樹, 獨上高樓, 望盡天涯路。
第二境界: 一帶漸寬終不悔，為伊消得人憔悴。
第三境界：眾裏尋他千百度，驀然回首，那人卻在燈火闌珊處。
讀讀那三首詞，看看有什麽體會。
1.【鵲踏枝】宋◆晏殊
檻菊愁煙蘭泣露，
羅幕輕寒，燕子雙飛去。
明月不諳離恨苦，斜光到曉穿朱戶。
昨夜西風凋碧樹，
獨上西樓，望盡天涯路。
欲寄彩箋兼尺素，山長水闊知何處。
【Que Ta Zhi 】by Yan Shu
The anxious mist around chrysanths in the railing,
Dew on the weeping orchid like teardrops.
Light coldness comes through the silk drapes,
The swallows flew away in pairs.
The bright moon never comprehends the suffering to part,
While its light oblique through the red gate till daybreak.
Green leaves faded in the west wind last night,
Alone I mount the west tower,
And look over the road all to the end of sky.
I want to write all my feelings in a letter,
Where she is, how could I know
Beyond the stretched mountains and waters broad.
2. 【蝶戀花】宋◆柳詠
佇倚危樓風細細，
望極春愁，黯黯生天際。
草色煙光殘照裏，無言誰會憑闌意。
擬把疏狂圖一醉，
對酒當歌，強樂還無味。
一帶見寬終不悔，為伊消得人憔悴 。
【Die Lian Hua 】 by Liu Yong
Leaning on wall in a high tower in the slender wind,
I hope to end the sorrow in the spring,
But gloomy clouds are rising on the horizon.
In the grass colour and the setting sun through the mist,
Who knows my mind when I am on a rail with no word.
With a purpose to unbridle and intoxicate,
Right in front of wine, I have to sing,
And enforce myself to joy even it’s insipid.
Languishing for her, I never ever repent
The waxing belt and my wan countenance.
3. 【青玉案】宋◆辛棄疾
東風夜放花千樹。
更吹落、星如雨。
寶馬雕車香滿路。
鳳簫聲動，玉壺光轉，一夜魚龍舞。
蛾兒雪柳黃金縷。
笑語盈盈暗香去。
眾裏尋他千百度。
驀然回首，那人卻在，燈火闌珊處。
【Qing Yu Wan 】by Xin Qiji
It's like blossoms in thousand trees in evening the east wind flourishes,
Also like falling stars blown off in a meteor shower.
Superb horses and carriages pass in the fragrant street.
Music of row-flute like the phoenix wing resounds
The shifting moon in a jade plate shines,
Lanterns of fish and dragon dance through the night.
Wearing butterflies, silver willow twigs and gold wisps,
Girls of lovely bearing smile, chat, and bring along faint fragrance.
I look for that person in crowds in numerous times,
Just at my sudden turn-round, there she is ，
She was yet in the waning lights.
在沒讀王國維的詩評時，多次囫圇吞棗地讀過這三首詞，但它們的深層含義 未曾仔細琢磨 過。倒是在譯成英語的過程中，思前想後，為了把沒有順序和邏輯的中文翻成有順序，有邏輯的英文語句，就不得不探究其中表層和深層上的含義。
晏殊在《鵲踏枝》詞裏，暗述了一個“確立高遠的理想，從而執著地追求”的境界。三句話的頭一句，是常發生的事，春花秋月的美景都逐漸地過去了。樹葉，這個春天萌發時生命的象征，也一夜之間飄零了，冬天要來了，比喻逆境出現在眼前。人們免不了要悲觀，失望，不知所錯。下一句的“獨”有很多場景，也許你從事著周圍人不曾問津的事情，前麵沒人帶你，左右沒人幫你，你又不甘隨波逐流，隻得孤獨前行。俗話說：“站得高，望得遠。” 登上高樓，或站在山頭，都是望遠的條件。最後一句是人生的經典，“望盡”就是要看清看透，大徹大悟地明白這個世界。如果是“看破”（紅塵），那麽做消極的事情就會多些。人的一生，從頭到尾，早被兩千年前的孔子論斷了：" 吾十有五而誌於學, 三十而立, 四十而不惑, 五十而知天命, 六十而耳順, 七十而從心所欲, 不逾矩。" “天涯路”就在你眼前，在你腳下，是今後一輩子要走的路。“涯”使我想起老子的：“吾生也有涯，而知也無涯，以有涯隨無涯，殆已。”（意思是用自己的有限生命去追無限知識，你會危險，會落得精疲力竭。）孔子樂觀，而老子有些悲觀，而晏殊則是積極中帶著中立。就像“師傅引進門，修行在個人。”在通往天涯的路上，有一個永恒的話題叫欲望。它總是圍繞著三個方麵在不停地轉：“錢、權、性”。錢是泛指衣食住行。
柳詠在《蝶戀花》裏，表達了“人類對愛情執著追求的無怨無悔精神”。這是他在經曆種種迷惘和痛苦之後的徹悟之語 。柳詠這個人是個怪才。如果把執著追求的對象換成信仰、學業、事業，那麽話題就太多太多了。辛棄疾在《青玉案》裏，塑造了一個“不幕榮華，甘守寂寞的理想人格”。
你覺得王國維三境界說是真知灼見嗎？
3 realms of a life
In his book 《 On Poems in the World 》, Wang Guowei advocates that there are 3 realms in one's life for those to achieve a great career or cause and those to be a great learned man in pursuing one's studies.
1st realm is: Green leaves faded in the west wind last night. Alone I mount the west tower and look over the road all to the end of sky.
2nd realm is: Languishing for her, I never ever repent the waxing belt and my wan countenance.
3rd realm is: I look for that person in crowds in numerous times, just at my sudden turn-round, there she is ， s he was yet in the waning lights.
Go to read the three poems and see what you can grab.
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