*=*=* 《每日一句漢譯英》 *=*=*

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請把下麵的漢語翻譯成一句英文:

這些人的故事顛覆了中國在非洲給人們留下的兩大虛幻印象:一,中國在非洲完全是為了大宗商品;二,中國人在非洲是步調一致的。

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昨天《每日一句漢譯英》參考答案:

請把下麵的漢語翻譯成一句英文:

為美國衛生機構官員提供谘詢的預防疾病服務工作組(The Preventative Services Task Force)說,對身體健康的男子而言,一種叫做PSA的簡單驗血可能弊大於利。

參考答案:

The Preventative Services Task Force, which advises U.S. health officials, says the simple blood test called a PSA may do more harm than good in healthy men.

原文:

一些專家不主張定期做前列腺癌檢查(US Panel Recommends Ending Routine Blood Test for Prostate Cancer )

美國政府的一個專家組星期一建議身體健康的男子不要定期做前列腺癌檢查。目前,數百萬美國男子每年定期做這項檢查。

為美國衛生機構官員提供谘詢的預防疾病服務工作組說,對身體健康的男子而言,一種叫做PSA的簡單驗血可能弊大於利。

這個工作組的專家說,PSA檢查不能區分非致命與快速發展為致命癌症的前列腺小腫瘤,因此很多男子接受不必要的癌治療,從而導致性功能障礙或是尿失禁的毛病。

然而,一些美國泌尿學專家對這個工作組的建議提出強烈質疑,認為很多男子可能由於不做PSA檢查而死於疼痛的前列腺癌。

在美國,每年有大約三萬男子死於前列腺癌。

許多50歲和年過50的男子患前列腺癌。但前列腺癌通常發展緩慢,很多人都不知道知自己患前列腺癌,而且通常是死於其他病症。


A U.S. government panel Monday recommended against healthy men getting a routine test for prostate cancer -- an annual ritual for millions of men.

The Preventative Services Task Force, which advises U.S. health officials, says the simple blood test called a PSA may do more harm than good in healthy men.

The advisors say the test cannot distinguish tiny tumors that are not fatal from fast-growing ones that develop into cancer. They say this results in many men getting unneeded treatment for cancer, leaving them impotent or incontinent.

Some U.S. urologists strongly dispute the panel's recommendation, saying many men could suffer and die a painful death without the tests.

Prostate cancer kills about 30,000 American men a year.

Many men 50 years and older come down with prostate cancer. But the disease often develops so slowly that many victims never know they have it and often die from causes other than prostate cancer.

資料:

Prostate-specific antigen
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA), also known as gamma-seminoprotein or kallikrein-3 (KLK3), is a glycoprotein encoded in humans by the KLK3 gene. PSA is a member of the kallikrein-related peptidase family and is secreted by the epithelial cells of the prostate gland. PSA is produced for the ejaculate, where it liquefies semen in the seminal coagulum and allows sperm to swim freely.[2] It is also believed to be instrumental in dissolving cervical mucus, allowing the entry of sperm into the uterus.[3]

PSA is present in small quantities in the serum of men with healthy prostates, but is often elevated in the presence of prostate cancer or other prostate disorders.[citation needed] While serum PSA measurement is frequently used in prostate cancer screening, its value is controversial, and the United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) does not recommend its routine use in healthy men.[4] The USPSTF found that PSA-based prostate cancer screening conveys small or non-existent reductions in prostate-cancer–specific mortality, and is associated with overdiagnosis and over-treatment.[5]


前列腺特異抗原
維基百科,自由的百科全書

前列腺特異抗原(Prostate Specific Antigen ,PSA)血漿前列腺特異抗原濃度升高是提示前列腺癌的敏感監測指標;但不能作為確診指標。

由於前列腺癌不是造成血漿前列腺特異抗原濃度升高的唯一原因;良性前列腺增生以及感染或人為因素也會引起血漿前列腺特異抗原濃度升高。在前列腺特異抗原測定的基礎上,進一步細化;以提高前列腺特異抗原對前列腺癌診斷精確度引入以下概念,為臨床工作提供數據鑒別:
f PSA /t PSA:前列腺特異抗原(PSA)有總前列腺特異抗原(tPSA)、結合前列腺特異抗原(cPSA)、遊離前列腺特異抗原(fPSA)之分,tPSA= cPSA+ fPSA ;f PSA /t PSA比值對於鑒別前列腺癌與良性前列腺增生比tPSA精確。
前列腺特異抗原密度(PSAD):即,血漿前列腺特異抗原濃度除以前列腺體積。由於良性前列腺增生是前列腺實質細胞數量增多而造成前列腺體積的增大,常會引起不同程度的血前列腺特異抗原(PSA)濃度升高。有助前列腺癌相與良性前列腺增生症鑒別。

由於前列腺特異抗原(PSA)測試藥盒產自多家;t PSA,尤其是 f PSA /t PSA 、PSAD的正常值以測試實驗室提供數據為準。

 

 

 

 

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回複:*=*=* 《每日一句漢譯英》 *=*=* -同學小薇- 給 同學小薇 發送悄悄話 同學小薇 的博客首頁 (345 bytes) () 05/24/2012 postreply 20:04:44

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Sunny, what is a mixed egg? -tingfeng- 給 tingfeng 發送悄悄話 (0 bytes) () 05/24/2012 postreply 20:54:59

that means "hun2 dan4" Good night Windy! LOL -sportwoman- 給 sportwoman 發送悄悄話 sportwoman 的博客首頁 (0 bytes) () 05/24/2012 postreply 20:58:04

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my translation -bmdn- 給 bmdn 發送悄悄話 (346 bytes) () 05/25/2012 postreply 07:57:29

*=*=* 《每日一句漢譯英參考答案》 *=*=* -EnLearner- 給 EnLearner 發送悄悄話 EnLearner 的博客首頁 (1362 bytes) () 05/25/2012 postreply 18:54:07

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