Table 2
List of bioactive food components that may influence insulin secretion and diabetes.
CLASS | BIOACTIVE COMPONENT | DIETARY SOURCES | EFFECT OBSERVED |
---|---|---|---|
Flavonoids | Genistein | Soybean, soy products | Insulin secretion ↑ |
Beta-cell proliferation ↑ | |||
Beta-cell apoptosis ↓ | |||
Resveratrol | Grapes, red wine | Insulin secretion ↔ | |
Beta-cell apoptosis ↓ | |||
Anthocyanins & Anthocyanidins | Fruit, vegetables | Insulin secretion ↑ | |
Beta-cell apoptosis ↓ | |||
Quercetin | Fruit, vegetables | Insulin secretion ↑ | |
Beta-cell apoptosis ↓ | |||
Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) | Green tea | Insulin secretion ↑ | |
Beta-cell apoptosis ↓ | |||
Vitamins | Vitamin D | Dairy products, fish | Insulin secretion ↑ |
Beta-cell apoptosis ↔ | |||
Vitamin A | Vegetables | Insulin secretion ↔ | |
Vitamin C | Vegetables, fruits | Insulin secretion ↑ | |
Carotenoids | Lycopene | Tomatoes |