新聞：新冠病毒自我消亡

來源: fuz 於 2021-11-02 05:18:12 [檔案] [博客] [舊帖] [給我悄悄話] 本文已被閱讀：次 (23187 bytes)

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中文報導 https://www.yicai.com/news/101214911.html

第一財經昨天 16:40⁴³³⁴

作者：馬曉華責編：劉展超

日本新冠病例數持續下降，是因病毒要自我滅絕了？

“修複德爾塔毒株基因組變異的酶發生了變化，新冠病毒可能是來不及修複就死亡了。“

近日，日本國立遺傳學研究所和新潟大學的團隊在日本人類遺傳學會上公布的一項研究傳遞出上述信息。

日本在8月病例數達到峰值後，病例數便開始驟減，日增病例數從2.5萬一路降至目前的200例左右。

研究者發現，日本8月下旬的疫情高峰前，幾乎所有的新冠病毒都已置換為酶發生變化的類型。該種酶為“nsp14”，“nsp14”具有核糖核酸外切酶和N7甲基轉移酶的活性，是病毒複製不可或缺的蛋白質。日本新冠病毒中“nsp14”發生變異之後，導致基因組不斷累積錯誤突變，最終因為來不及修複而導致病毒自我滅絕。

研究者對日本國立感染症研究所公開的、日本國內檢測出的新冠基因組數據進行了分析，結果發現，在第五波疫情中，nsp14相關基因變化的病毒比例隨著感染蔓延而增加，從高峰前到平息前幾乎占了感染者的全部。

如果nsp14的出現導致了日本新冠疫情的緩解，對於新冠藥物的發現也是一個突破。一位藥物研究專家對第一財經表示，“從曆史上看，所有的非結構蛋白，一直是可行的藥物靶點。”

目前新冠病毒（COVID-19）潛在靶標分為非結構蛋白與結構蛋白兩大類。作為非結構蛋白的nsp14，如果能阻斷新冠病毒的複製，那麽新冠藥物的研發又有了一個新的機會。

英文報道

News

The number of confirmed diagnoses in Japan has dropped sharply, and the study finds that the new coronavirus dies after a new mutation-IT & Health

https://www.breakinglatest.news/news/the-number-of-confirmed-diagnoses-in-japan-has-dropped-sharply-and-the-study-finds-that-the-new-coronavirus-dies-after-a-new-mutation-it-health/

Entering October, the number of confirmed cases of the new crown in Japan unexpectedly began to drop sharply. Japan’s epidemic prevention and control measures are not stronger than before, but are relaxing. This abnormal phenomenon is likely to be related to the mutation of the virus. Japanese researchers found The new mutation of the new coronavirus may cause the virus to self-death.

According to a report from Kyodo News on the 31st, the research team from Japan’s National Institute of Genetics and Niigata University recently published the latest research. Studies have found that in the genome of the delta mutant strain, an enzyme called “nsp14” has mutated, causing the virus to fail to complete repair in time, leading to the virus’s self-extinction.

In the process of rapid virus replication and spread, the genome sometimes undergoes wrong mutations, which is also one of the main causes of disease.

At this time, “nsp14” is generally responsible for repairing. However, if the repair is not timely and too many mutations are accumulated, the virus may not be able to reproduce.

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In addition, the research team speculated that an enzyme called “APOBEC” changed “nsp14”. It is said that in East Asia and Oceania, this enzyme is particularly active in many people.

（注：這句黑體字對理解本次疫情的流行很重要）

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發表的有關研究論文

這篇討論以夷製夷：

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34673601/

該基因作用機理研究：

https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlehtml/2021/cb/d1cb00135c

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0021925821010218

https://mdpi-res.com/d_attachment/life/life-11-01129/article_deploy/life-11-01129.pdf

該基因還有其它作用：