如何在演講中有效地使用PowerPoint

嘿，這是劉博士。在本視頻中，我將向您展示一些有效的PowerPoint演示文稿的提示。當我們在演示文稿中使用PowerPoint作為視覺輔助時，我們的任務通常看起來更容易。但是，如果我們沒有正確使用PowerPoint，或者我們過分依賴它，PowerPoint幻燈片也可能會分散注意力，甚至阻止我們做出精彩的演示。

首先，讓我們清楚說明在演示文稿中使用PowerPoint的主要目的是什麽。通常有兩個主要目的。第一個目的是幫助觀眾想象我們的想法。第二個目的是提醒觀眾我們的關鍵點。為了製作有效的PowerPoint演示文稿，我們應該始終牢記，可視化的目的遠比提醒的目的重要。幫助觀眾可視化我們的關鍵想法，是使我們的演示更具吸引力和影響力的最佳方式。如果我們製作PowerPoint幻燈片隻是為了使用文本提醒觀眾我們的關鍵點，我們浪費了PowerPoint的大部分功能，我們的PowerPoint將失去其大部分功能。

其次，我們還需要說清楚，PowerPoint幻燈片應該主要針對觀眾而不是作為演講者自己製作。當然，PowerPoint幻燈片具有提醒自己我們在哪裏或在演示期間說些什麽的功能。但我們最好設計PowerPoint幻燈片，以最大限度地提高受眾的利益，但不能讓我們自己受益。當我們為自己設計幻燈片時，我們傾向於包含更多的單詞和細節，這可能有助於我們記住，但往往不為觀眾所理解。通常我們為自己設計幻燈片的次數越多，受眾就越少受益。理想情況下，我們應該非常熟悉我們的演示文稿，即使沒有PowerPoint，我們也能夠提供演示文稿。 PowerPoint應該隻是一個可選的輔助工具，為觀眾提供額外的幫助。這樣，揚聲器就是中心，而不是PowerPoint。這就是為什麽許多優秀的演講者甚至不在他們的演講中使用PowerPoint，或者隻在必要時偶爾使用PowerPoint。

在我們清楚了解PowerPoint的主要目的以及它應該服務的人之後，我們可以在使用它時開始討論提示和規則。當我們使用PowerPoint幫助觀眾想象我們的想法時，我有兩個提示，第一個提示是“保持簡單”;第二個提示是“讓它煥然一新”。通過說“保持簡單”，我的意思是，我們希望在短時間內讓觀眾易於理解。我們希望讓觀眾能夠輕鬆關注我們的主要想法。因此，我們應盡可能減少噪音和幹擾。我們可能想要介紹我們已經完成的很多事情。但我們需要學習根據觀眾的痛點或興奮點來過濾我們的材料。我們可能經常需要將一年的工作編輯為15分鍾的談話。在這種情況下，我們最好選擇一兩點深入而不是進行廣泛而淺薄的談話。

理想情況下，對於我們想要提供的每個關鍵想法，我們應該至少有一個支持圖像，以幫助觀眾可視化並記住它。我們希望保持圖像簡潔。幻燈片上的所有內容都需要對觀眾有意義，否則應將其刪除。我們需要謹慎使用太多顏色或不同的字體，因為它們經常會造成不必要的幹擾。不要讓花哨的設計和動畫從我們想要提供的想法中竊取焦點。

所以，這是第一個提示，“保持簡單”。第二個提示是“讓它煥然一新”。新設計通常比舊設計更令人印象深刻。最好的設計總能通過創造一點驚喜來喚醒觀眾的心靈。因此，除了“保持簡單”之外，我們應該始終盡力為我們的數據和想法生成創意視覺效果。例如，這個圖表是我嚐試生成一個簡單但有創意的視覺來幫助展示我的想法。沒有通用的最佳設計始終有效。在每個特定時間點，更好的設計總是能夠為觀眾帶來當時更新的體驗。

當我們在幻燈片中使用文本而不是圖像時，基本原則是“顯示，但不能告訴”。我們隻想使用關鍵詞，而不是完整句子，除非是單詞引用。在提出要點時有一個6乘6的規則。也就是說，每行最多6行6個字。那是因為大多數人腦隻能快速瀏覽6個單詞。如果超過6個單詞，人們將不得不開始閱讀，然後他們的注意力放在幻燈片上，而不是揚聲器。為了遵循這個6乘6規則，我們需要學習以高度概括或高度精煉的方式總結我們的關鍵思想。

學生經常犯兩個常見的錯誤。 首先，它們在幻燈片中產生了太多奇特的噪音。 其次，它們使PowerPoint幻燈片成為舞台的中心，而不是揚聲器本身。 感謝收看，我是劉博士，為失敗者提供研究建議。 PowerPoint很有用，但如果我們不正確使用它也可能有害。 直到下一次，讓我們學習如何更好地使用它，並最大限度地發揮它的實力.

Hey, it’s Dr. Liu here again. In this video, I will show you some tips to make an effective PowerPoint presentation. When we use PowerPoint as a visual aid in our presentation, our task usually seems easier. However, if we do not use PowerPoint properly, or if we rely too much on it, the PowerPoint slides may also become a distraction, and even prevent us to make a great presentation.

First, Let’s make it clear what are the top purposes for using PowerPoint in our presentation. Usually there are two top purposes. The first purpose is to help the audience to visualize our ideas. The second purpose is to remind the audience of our key points. In order to make an effective PowerPoint presentation, we should always keep in mind that the purpose of visualizing is much more important than the purpose of reminding. Helping the audience to visualize our key ideas, is the best way to make our presentation more impressive and influential. If we make PowerPoint slides just to remind the audience of our key points using text, we waste much of the power from the PowerPoint, our PowerPoint will lose most of its power.

Second, we also need to make it clear, the PowerPoint slides should be made mainly for the audience but not for ourselves as speaker. Of course, the PowerPoint slides have the function of reminding ourselves where we are, or what to say during our presentation. But we’d better design the PowerPoint slides to maximize the benefits of the audience but not ourselves. When we design the slides for ourselves, we tend to include more words and details, which may help us to remember but are often not understandable for the audience. Usually the more we design the slides for ourselves, the less the audience can benefit from them. Ideally, we should be so familiar with our presentation that we are able to deliver the presentation even without the PowerPoint. The PowerPoint should be just an optional aid that provides additional help to the audience. In this way, the speaker is the center, but not the PowerPoint. That is why many great speakers don’t even use PowerPoint in their speech, or only use them occasionally when necessary.

After we are clear about the main purpose of PowerPoint and who it should serve, we can start talk about the tips and rules when using it. When we use PowerPoint to help the audience to visualize our ideas, I have two tips, the first tip is “keep it simple”; the second tip is “make it new and fresh”. By saying “keep it simple”, I mean, we want to make things easy to understand for the audience in a short period of time. We want to make it easy for the audience to focus on our key ideas. Therefore, we should reduce noise and distractions as much as possible. We may want to present a lot of things we have done. But we need to learn to filter our material based on the pain points, or exciting points of the audience. We may often need to edit one year’s work down to a 15 min talk. In this case, we‘d better select one or two points to go deep rather than give a wide and shallow talk.

Ideally, for each key idea we want to deliver, we should have at least one supporting image to help the audience to visualize it and remember it. We want to keep our images simple and clean. Everything on the slides needs to be meaningful for the audience, otherwise they should be removed. We need to be cautious to use too much colors or different fonts, because they often cause unnecessary distractions. Don’t let fancy design and animations to steal the focus from the ideas we want to deliver.

So, that is the first tip, “keep it simple”. The second tip is “make it new and fresh”. New design is often more impressive than old one. The best design can always refresh the audience’s mind by creating a little surprise. So in addition to “keep it simple”, we should always try our best to generate creative visuals for our data and ideas. For example, this diagram is my attempt to generate a simple but creative visual to help presenting my ideas. There is no universal best design that works all the time. At each certain time point, a better design is always those which can bring the audience a refreshed experience at that time.

When we use text instead of images in our slides, the basic principle is “to show, but not tell”. We want to use key words only, instead of full sentences, unless for a word for word quote. There is a 6 by 6 rule when presenting bullet points. That is, 6 rows and 6 words in each row in maximum. That is because most human brain can only handle 6 words in one quick glance. If more than 6 words, people will have to start to read, and then their attention is on the slides but not the speaker. To follow this 6 by 6 rule, we need to learn to summarize our key ideas in a highly generalized, or highly refined manner.

There are two common mistakes students often make. First, they make too much fancy noise in the slides. Second, they make the PowerPoint slides the center of stage but not the speakers themselves. Thanks for watching, I am Dr. Liu with research tips for the underdogs. PowerPoint is useful but it could also be harmful if we do not use it properly. Until next time, let’s learn how to use it better, and maximize its real power.

To Subscribe Dr. Liu ResearchTIPS:
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCXMJUogKw0lXduef7nu3I7A/?sub_confirmation=1