尼赫魯建立印度理工學院 為了摧毀印度

尼赫魯建立印度理工學院 為了摧毀印度

How Nehru's IITs Failed India Sources

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1pPHCienjLA53nSUuGHgdkqL6ElPlDImxVQWGSlPeZmk/edit?pli=1&tab=t.0?

 

1.1.1 India's top-down approach

• https://wid.world/www-site/uploads/2024/11/WorldInequalityLab_WP2024_24_The-Making-of-China-and-India-in-21st-Century_Final.pdf

• https://www.jagranjosh.com/general-knowledge/gurukul-education-system-of-ancient-india-that-schooled-ram-and-krishna-1630569081-1

• https://archive.org/details/indiantalesofraj0000masa

• https://socialissuesindia.wordpress.com/tracing-the-roots-of-right-to-education-in-british-india/

• https://www.clearias.com/administrative-organisation-during-british-rule/?srsltid=AfmBOorYGRUcNNBlHpqGeqI_rBc4cipcOD3x-e6buP2wiXDPvYABR6IL

• https://byjus.com/free-ias-prep/ncert-notes-education-system-in-india-during-british-rule/

• https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/jun/29/british-empire-india-amartya-sen

• https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/267813/1/1807841901.pdf

• https://www.iitsystem.ac.in/about#:~:text=In%20May%201950%2C%20the%20first,inauguration%20on%20August%2018%2C%201951.

• https://indianexpress.com/article/education/iit-kharagpurs-link-to-the-freedom-struggle-and-an-infamous-detention-camp-5306582/

• https://scroll.in/article/801621/how-the-iits-were-born-and-their-philosophies-determined

• https://www.ndtv.com/book-excerpts/book-excerpt-nehrus-role-in-carving-special-status-for-iit-2156293

• https://cms.thewire.in/society/education/iits-nehru-coaching-mhrd

• https://www.indiabudget.gov.in/budget_archive/es2006-07/chapt2007/tab94.pdf

1.1.2 China's bottom-up approach

• https://wid.world/www-site/uploads/2024/11/WorldInequalityLab_WP2024_24_The-Making-of-China-and-India-in-21st-Century_Final.pdf

• https://ijkh.khistory.org/upload/pdf/17-1-1.pdf

1.1.3 Outcome

• https://wid.world/www-site/uploads/2024/11/WorldInequalityLab_WP2024_24_The-Making-of-China-and-India-in-21st-Century_Final.pdf

• https://www.scmp.com/magazines/style/people-events/article/2188004/how-wu-yajun-us16-month-chinese-female-factory-worker

• https://www.academia.edu/81210195/What_the_Parents_Think_About_the_Future_of_their_Young_Sons_in_Farming_A_Case_of_Haryana

• https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/seeing-our-plight-our-children-no-longer-want-to-become-farmers/articleshow/79581285.cms

• https://www.downtoearth.org.in/economy/indebted-india-over-half-of-farm-households-still-under-debt-78985#:~:text=More%20than%20half%20of%20India's,'%20released%20September%2010%2C%202021.

• https://www.indiatoday.in/diu/story/indian-agriculture-debt-data-msp-farmers-protest-1878975-2021-11-20

• https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/jobs/fresher/worthless-degrees-are-creating-an-unemployable-generation-in-india/articleshow/99570996.cms?from=mdr

• http://www.chinatoday.com.cn/ctenglish/2018/hotspots/2018ggkf/201810/t20181010_800143787.html

1.1.4 IIT Failiure

• https://www.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w31308/w31308.pdf

2.1 Quality of Education in India

• https://wid.world/www-site/uploads/2024/11/WorldInequalityLab_WP2024_24_The-Making-of-China-and-India-in-21st-Century_Final.pdf

• https://www.deccanherald.com/india/nehrus-school-education-policy-lamentable-2426646

• https://www.ideasforindia.in/topics/human-development/teacher-accountability-non-teaching-work-over-classroom-engagement.html

• https://www.pnrjournal.com/index.php/home/article/download/422/289/574?__cf_chl_tk=pbKA4ynW14PUgX61nB8ptkr333ML5G.U3mVsERTB7Fg-1717684834-0.0.1.1-4308

• https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/economy/laptop-makers-expect-better-sales-in-election-year/article66751983.ece

• https://read.amazon.in/?asin=B0CWRK386S&ref_=kwl_kr_iv_aqd_des_4

• https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/The_Obesity_Code/QxLACwAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&pg=PA1&printsec=frontcover

• https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/BJP-too-promises-free-laptops-for-students/article14964141.ece

• https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/free-laptops-subsidised-lpg-among-congress-7-guarantees-to-rajasthan-4520293

• https://www.hindustantimes.com/education/up-literacy-rate-poor-than-national-average-report/story-04cd30glcG2IchqkB0TLaJ.html

• https://www.povertyactionlab.org/evaluation/encouraging-teacher-attendance-through-monitoring-cameras-rural-udaipur-india

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=42xxu5HdJzc

• https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/lack-of-quality-education-in-rural-schools-leading-to-skillset-problems-in-indian-workforce-2323768-2023-01-19

• https://www.facebook.com/Timesnow/videos/1043322387261737/

• https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/267813/1/1807841901.pdf

2.2 Quality of Education in China

• https://ijccep.springeropen.com/articles/10.1007/2288-6729-5-1-29

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gau1XvQ3z_4

3) Focus on vocational courses

• https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/company/corporate-trends/lt-hit-by-severe-skilled-manpower-shortage-45000-engineers-techies-needed/articleshow/111317353.cms

• https://x.com/gypsy_nilima/status/1869333690259738741/photo/1

• https://indianexpress.com/article/education/failing-quality-standards-lead-to-loss-of-affiliation-for-400-itis-4903141/

• https://thewire.in/labour/why-i-cant-find-a-good-plumber-exploring-the-skill-india-mess

• https://planipolis.iiep.unesco.org/sites/default/files/ressources/china_vocational_education_law_1996.pdf

Conclusion/Solutions

• https://www.pratham.org/about/tarl/#:~:text=The%20TaRL%20method%2C%20developed%20by,understand%20better%20and%20express%20themselves.

• https://www.povertyactionlab.org/sites/default/files/research-paper/TaRL_Paper_August2016.pdf

• https://www.hindustantimes.com/education/public-education-in-indian-states-offers-a-massive-reform-opportunity/story-8EPVaGa2b2YOBytAvCvevL.html