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從帝國排行榜上看到的

(2016-02-23 19:48:51) 下一個

網上找到一張有史以來所有帝國按麵積,人口的排行榜,收獲不少。所謂帝國,按定義是an extensive group of states or countries under a single supreme authority, formerly especially an emperor or empress. 所以當今的中美俄等不能算。從這張表上,可以分析出很多一般書上看不到的東西。

蒙古帝國所有分支加起來也沒大英帝國大,這有點意外。俄國現有領土是1700多萬,比沙俄要小500多萬,蘇聯應該和沙俄差不多,如此看來可以理解普京對蘇聯解體的憤憤不平了,損失了近500萬地確實是個大挫敗。法國在二戰敗於德國時還擁有1200萬的殖民地,可不能小看了,所以以後還給放上了常任理事國。葡萄牙都曾是坐地千萬的殖民大國,更別提西班牙了。而象荷蘭,比利時,丹麥等都有幾百萬的地。就領土而言,西方的殖民主義確實是胃口很大,得益也多,中國沒有趕上這趟車虧了。

二戰的挑起國德國最大也沒超過350萬,而與它實力相當的英法都用千萬計算了。這難怪德國要發動戰爭了,如列寧分析的那樣。日本曾混到700多萬,還是蠻拚的。意大利也到350萬,無利不起早啊,他們發動戰爭還是有可觀的利益驅動的。

中國朝代裏最大的還是元清異族統治時期,漢族最大的明,漢也隻有600多萬,可能還是鼎盛時期。唐隻有500多萬,北宋隻有300多萬。唐代的敵人都很大,土番,東西突厥甚至樓蘭都有400萬以上。宋的敵人金,遼麵積和宋不相上下,所以現在的北方地區當時應該都不在漢人的轄區內。明滅元後,北元仍有500多萬,說明這並非一場殲滅戰,而隻是把蒙古人驅逐出了中原。

從這張表還可以分析很多,曆史就象科學一樣,可以通過分析研究得到很多,這也是一件很有趣味的事。希望大家也能從這張表中找到自己想知道的東西。

名稱                                      麵積(百萬平方公裏)  人口(百萬)

 
33.7[1] 533.0 (in 1938)[3]
Mongol Empire 33.0[4][5][6][7] 110.0 (in the 13th century)[9]
Russian Empire 22.8 176.4 (in 1913)
Spanish Empire 19.4[12][13][14] 68.2 (in the 17th century)
Umayyad Caliphate 15.0[15] 62.0 (in the 7th century)
Yuan dynasty 14.0 59.8 in 1291.[17][18]
Qing dynasty 13.1 432.2 in 1851.[19]
Second French colonial empire 12.3 112.9 in 1938
Abbasid Caliphate 11.1 44.0 (in 850)
Portuguese Empire 10.4
Macedonian Empire 8.6 50 (in the 4th century BC)
Achaemenid Empire 8.5 50.0 (in 480 BC)[23]
Empire of Brazil 8.5 14 (in 1889)[25]
Rashidun Caliphate 8.4 40.3
First French colonial empire 8.1 30 (in 1754)[27]
Empire of Japan 7.4 134.8 in 1938
Sasanian Empire 6.6 25.0 (in the 7th century AD)
Ming dynasty 6.5 110.0 in 1600.[29][30]
Han dynasty 6.5[31] 58.0 (in 2 AD)[17][33]
Göktürk Khaganate 6.0 6.0
Golden Horde Khanate 6.0
Timurid Empire 6.0 50.00 (in the 15th Century)
Tang dynasty 5.5[34] 50.0 (in the 8th century)
Ottoman Empire 5.2 35.3 in 1856
Roman Empire 5.0[8][35] 70.0 (in the 2nd century AD)[36][37][38]
Maurya Empire 5.0 50–60 million in the 2nd century BC
Mughal Empire 5.0 150.0 (in 1700)
Northern Yuan dynasty 5.0
First Mexican Empire 4.9
Xin dynasty 4.70
Pala Empire 4.6[citation needed] 60.0 (in the 3rd Century)
Tibetan Empire 4.6 25.0
Afsharid dynasty 4.5 60 (in 1740s)
Fatimid Caliphate 4.1
Xiongnu Empire 4.03
Hephthalite Empire 4.0
Hunnic Empire 4.0
Eastern Turkic Khaganate 4.0
Rouran Khaganate Juan-juan 4.0
Western Turkic Khaganate 4.0
Great Seljuq Empire 3.9
Italian Empire 3.8 51.9 (in 1938)
Kushan Empire 3.8 42.37 (in the 2nd Century)
Ilkhanate 3.75
Dutch Empire 3.7 60.0 (in 1940)
Chola Empire 3.6
Khwarazmian Empire 3.6 20.0 in 1200
Greater German Reich 3.6 70.8 (in 1942)
Byzantine Empire 3.5 30.0 (in 555–600)
German Empire 3.5 64.9 in 1914
Chagatai Khanate 3.5
Gupta Empire 3.5
Northern Song Dynasty 3.5 123.0 in 1103[17][50]
Safavid dynasty 3.5
Khanate of Bukhara 3.5
Western Jin dynasty 3.5 48.0 in 1195.[17][51]
Phoenician Empire 3.4
Ghaznavid Empire,Afghanistan 3.4
Almoravid dynasty, Morocco 3.3
Ghurids Sultanate 3.2
Tughlaq dynasty 3.2
Karkota Dynasty of Kashmir 3.09[citation needed]
Median Empire 3.1
Parthian Empire 3.1
Sui Dynasty 3.1 53.0 in 606[17][52]
Uyghur Khaganate 3.1
Danish Colonial Empire 3.0
Grand Duchy of Moscow 3.0
Kalmar Union 3.0
Kara-Khanid Khanate 3.0
Khazar Khanate 3.0
Qajar dynasty 3.0
Seleucid Empire 3.0
Samanid dynasty 2.85
Eastern Jin dynasty 2.8
Liu Song dynasty 2.8
Maratha Empire 2.8
Qin dynasty 2.8
Khilji dynasty 2.7
Majapahit Empire 2.7
Liao dynasty 2.6
Belgian Empire 2.5
Greco-Bactrian Kingdom 2.5
Hotaki Empire,Afghanistan 2.5
Jurchen Jin dynasty 2.3
Qara Khitai (Western Liao) 2.5
Later Zhao dynasty 2.5
Indo-Greek Kingdom 2.5
Southern Qi dynasty 2.3
Southern Song dynasty 2.1 73.0 in 1193.[17][53]
Bahriyya Mamluks 2.1
Burjiyya Mamluks 2.1
First French Empire 2.1
Kievan Rus 2.1
Ayyubid Caliphate 2.0
Durrani Empire,Afghanistan 2.0
Wei dynasty 2.0
Earlier Zhao dynasty 2.0 64 in 156[17][55]
Former Qin dynasty 2.0
Western Roman Empire 2.0
Northern Wei dynasty 2.0
Saffarid dynastyIran 2.0
Almohad Caliphate 2.0
Satavahana Empire 2.0
Inca Empire 2.0
Second Mexican Empire 2.0
Gurjara Pratihara 1.8
Sibir Khanate 1.8
Rashtrakuta dynasty 1.7
Buyid Sultanate 1.6
Mamluk Sultanate 1.6
Indo-Parthian Kingdom 1.5
Wu Dynasty 1.5
Northern Zhou Dynasty 1.5
Nanda Dynasty 1.5
Indo-Scythian Kingdom 1.5
Tulunids Emirate 1.5
Idrisid dynasty, Morocco 1.5
Sur Empire 1.5
Neo-Assyrian Empire 1.4
Songhai Empire 1.4
Zand dynasty 1.4
Empire of Harsha 1.35
Liang Dynasty 1.3
Western Wei Dynasty 1.3
Later Liang 1.3
Later Tang 1.3
Taungoo Dynasty 1.3 3.0
Mali Empire 1.29
Siam Empire 1.29
Shang Dynasty 1.25
Western Zhou Dynasty 1.25
Aksumite Empire 1.25
Khmer Empire 1.2

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