隴山隴西郡
寧靜純我心 感得事物人 寫樸實清新. 閑書閑話養閑心,閑筆閑寫記閑人;人生無虞懂珍惜，以沫相濡字字真。
【E外桃源】My 初心 Original intention was to study in Europe, so I've been trained in the National Center of French Language for a year and I passed all the required course exames implemented by Francais Universite a Paris. Somehow, fate came kicking-in with twists and turns, but my dream came alive this morning as my friend sent me sparks below, it sparked joy so much that I wrote this down to seize the moment of joy.
If you're awed by democracy, you ought to be surprised limited amount of democracy existed back then: "In Roman society, the aristocrats were known as patricians. The highest positions in the government were held by two consuls, or leaders, who ruled the Roman Republic. A senate composed of patricians elected these consuls. At this time, lower-class citizens, or plebeians, had virtually no say in the government."
"Put simply, the vast majority of the Roman population had limited ability to exercise the powers afforded to them by the constitution. They had little to no influence on legislation and could only select leaders from a very small aristocratic caste. ... The Roman Republic was never intended to be a democracy."
However, "
"The Roman Republic was founded in 509 B.C.E. after the last Etruscan king that ruled Rome was overthrown. Rome's next government served as a representative democracy in the form of a republic. Initially, Rome's wealthiest families, the patricians, held power and only they could hold political or religious offices."
"Roman society was extremely patriarchal and hierarchical. The adult male head of a household had special legal powers and privileges that gave him jurisdiction over all the members of his family. The status of freeborn Romans was established by their ancestry, census ranking, and citizenship."
"Romans are also responsible for creating a legal code written down which protected the rights of all citizens. This document was influential in the creation of the Bill of Rights in the Constitution. The Roman Republic consisted of major political bodies including the Consuls, the Senate, and the Assemblies."
"The three main parts of the government were the Senate, the Consuls and the Assemblies. The Senate was composed of leaders from the patricians, the noble and wealthy families of ancient Rome. They were the law makers. They controlled spending."
"The aristocracy (wealthy class) dominated the early Roman Republic. In Roman society, the aristocrats were known as patricians. The highest positions in the government were held by two consuls, or leaders, who ruled the Roman Republic. A senate composed of patricians elected these consuls."
I was not surprised to read this "Freeborn women in ancient Rome were citizens (cives), but could not vote or hold political office. Because of their limited public role, women are named less frequently than men by Roman historians. ... The one major public role reserved solely for women was in the sphere of religion: the priestly office of the Vestals."
"
If you wanted to learn about the first Romain emperor, you can view
Rome
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第2樓 2021-03-18 15:56:00 Rome: A History of the Eternal City https://www.wenxuecity.com/groups/bbs.php?act=bbsview&gid=2508&basecode=945020 |
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? ROMAN HOLIDAY ~ -青鬆站- ♀ 給 青鬆站 發送悄悄話 青鬆站 的博客首頁 青鬆站 的個人群組 (0 bytes) (5 reads) 03/18/2021 postreply 16:48:04
? 寫得太棒了！內容豐富，讀完很漲知識。照片也很美。讚！ -盈盈一笑間- ♀ 給 盈盈一笑間 發送悄悄話 盈盈一笑間 的博客首頁 盈盈一笑間 的個人群組 (354 bytes) (13 reads) 03/18/2021 postreply 17:28:38
? Your shinning light kick me to dive but your 盈盈一笑間 laugh me to s -TJKCB- ♀ 給 TJKCB 發送悄悄話 TJKCB 的博客首頁 TJKCB 的個人群組 (180 bytes) (0 reads) 03/19/2021 postreply 12:38:39
? Is Empire system a forward or backward vs. Republic ? coz chron -移花接木- ♂ 給 移花接木 發送悄悄話 移花接木 的博客首頁 移花接木 的個人群組 (57 bytes) (9 reads) 03/18/2021 postreply 17:42:31
? I guess it is a circle. Each system has its strength and irs -Okra- ♀ 給 Okra 發送悄悄話 Okra 的博客首頁 Okra 的個人群組 (0 bytes) (4 reads) 03/18/2021 postreply 18:37:06
? Strength and flaw. When war broke out, an empire with a strong l -Okra- ♀ 給 Okra 發送悄悄話 Okra 的博客首頁 Okra 的個人群組 (230 bytes) (5 reads) 03/18/2021 postreply 18:53:47
? Every road leads to Rome, which one should I go along -忒忒綠- ♂ 給 忒忒綠 發送悄悄話 忒忒綠 的博客首頁 忒忒綠 的個人群組 (0 bytes) (4 reads) 03/18/2021 postreply 17:56:00
? To be or not to be ~ -青鬆站- ♀ 給 青鬆站 發送悄悄話 青鬆站 的博客首頁 青鬆站 的個人群組 (0 bytes) (5 reads) 03/18/2021 postreply 18:02:53
? "Every road came from Rome" is more accurate than " Every road l -TJKCB- ♀ 給 TJKCB 發送悄悄話 TJKCB 的博客首頁 TJKCB 的個人群組 (139 bytes) (2 reads) 03/19/2021 postreply 12:41:00
? I suspect ur major is political science as ur written English is -beautifulwind- ♀ 給 beautifulwind 發送悄悄話 beautifulwind 的博客首頁 beautifulwind 的個人群組 (21 bytes) (10 reads) 03/18/2021 postreply 20:07:59
? You're very kind. Wisely insightful: political science governs o -TJKCB- ♀ 給 TJKCB 發送悄悄話 TJKCB 的博客首頁 TJKCB 的個人群組 (189 bytes) (0 reads) 03/19/2021 postreply 12:45:54
? Nice article! -甜蟲蟲- ♀ 給 甜蟲蟲 發送悄悄話 甜蟲蟲 的博客首頁 甜蟲蟲 的個人群組 (134 bytes) (3 reads) 03/18/2021 postreply 21:00:33
? It's insightful to compare America with Rome. Impressed. -LYJiang- ♂ 給 LYJiang 發送悄悄話 LYJiang 的博客首頁 LYJiang 的個人群組 (0 bytes) (6 reads) 03/18/2021 postreply 21:59:39
? Rome era inspires many things influential still going strong... -TJKCB- ♀ 給 TJKCB 發送悄悄話 TJKCB 的博客首頁 TJKCB 的個人群組 (336 bytes) (0 reads) 03/19/2021 postreply 12:49:00
? 置頂: 【E外桃源】the Eternal City of Rome -TJKCB- ♀ 給 TJKCB 發送悄悄話 TJKCB 的博客首頁 TJKCB 的個人群組 (211313 bytes) (5185 reads) 03/18/2021 16:24:15 (7)
? 置頂: Barack Obama’s Twitters on anti-Asian violence -忒忒綠- ♂ 給 忒忒綠 發送悄悄話 忒忒綠 的博客首頁 忒忒綠 的個人群組 (808 bytes) (4023 reads) 03/18/2021 12:57:00 (6)
? 置頂: 【E外桃源】I'm here for the coursing stream and the White Beaches -甜蟲蟲- ♀ 給 甜蟲蟲 發送悄悄話 甜蟲蟲 的博客首頁 甜蟲蟲 的個人群組 (7233 bytes) (5367 reads) 03/18/2021 12:22:11 (10)
? 置頂: 【E外桃源】活動-活動—Xanadu -Okra- ♀ 給 Okra 發送悄悄話 Okra 的博客首頁 Okra 的個人群組 (2149 bytes) (7626 reads) 03/17/2021 21:15:36 (6)
? 置頂: Banff national park 4K video -woodwishper- ♂ 給 woodwishper 發送悄悄話 woodwishper 的博客首頁 woodwishper 的個人群組 (259 bytes) (1359 reads) 03/17/2021 21:12:13 (8)
? 置頂: 【E外桃源】活動 -- my dream land -樹的花花世界- ♀ 給 樹的花花世界 發送悄悄話 樹的花花世界 的博客首頁 樹的花花世界 的個人群組 (4112 bytes) (8559 reads) 03/17/2021 14:24:44 (10)
? 置頂: 【聽歌練聽力】Always with me -Marauders- 給 Marauders 發送悄悄話 Marauders 的個人群組 (1770 bytes) (2973 reads) 03/17/2021 12:46:02 (8)
? 【E外桃源】星.Sailing - jzhou8968 - ♀ 給 jzhou8968 發送悄悄話 jzhou8968 的博客首頁 jzhou8968 的個人群組 (9392 bytes) (2374 reads) 03/19/2021 10:13:22 (5)
? 沙發！ - beautifulwind - ♀ 給 beautifulwind 發送悄悄話 beautifulwind 的博客首頁 beautifulwind 的個人群組 (0 bytes) (2 reads) 03/19/2021 10:16:16
? 專業歌星佳佳總算來啦！那天花董還提起你唱歌音符穩穩得就是一條直線！我今早洗簌時還想著好久沒練你教的唇顫音啦！ - beautifulwind - ♀ 給 beautifulwind 發送悄悄話 beautifulwind 的博客首頁 beautifulwind 的個人群組 (116 bytes) (10 reads) 03/19/2021 10:25:24
? 謝謝美風！：） - jzhou8968 - ♀ 給 jzhou8968 發送悄悄話 jzhou8968 的博客首頁 jzhou8968 的個人群組 (0 bytes) (0 reads) 03/19/2021 10:36:33
? 花董這些天每天都絞盡腦汁準備頒獎典禮，今天還為了開場白精益求精專門請年假一天，好感動！相信童鞋們都會不虛此行！ - beautifulwind - ♀ 給 beautifulwind 發送悄悄話 beautifulwind 的博客首頁 beautifulwind 的個人群組 (0 bytes) (5 reads) 03/19/2021 10:37:24
? 嘿嘿，用了google translator，一下就找到了翻譯： - beautifulwind - ♀ 給 beautifulwind 發送悄悄話 beautifulwind 的博客首頁 beautifulwind 的個人群組 (395 bytes) (9 reads) 03/19/2021 10:27:53
? 太好了，已加了！） - jzhou8968 - ♀ 給 jzhou8968 發送悄悄話 jzhou8968 的博客首頁 jzhou8968 的個人群組 (0 bytes) (0 reads) 03/19/2021 10:37:02
? 佳佳一開嗓, 滿世界都是桃源. - 輕輕的我來 - ♂ 給 輕輕的我來 發送悄悄話 輕輕的我來 的博客首頁 輕輕的我來 的個人群組 (0 bytes) (4 reads) 03/19/2021 10:33:52
? 謝謝你來：） - jzhou8968 - ♀ 給 jzhou8968 發送悄悄話 jzhou8968 的博客首頁 jzhou8968 的個人群組 (0 bytes) (0 reads) 03/19/2021 10:37:26
? 詩人的跟帖也是詩意滿懷：）去寫一句翻譯作業呀，這周日一定來領獎，給你的獎項逗S我了：） - beautifulwind - ♀ 給 beautifulwind 發送悄悄話 beautifulwind 的博客首頁 beautifulwind 的個人群組 (0 bytes) (1 reads) 03/19/2021 11:14:41
? 什麽獎？期待ing~~ - 輕輕的我來 - ♂ 給 輕輕的我來 發送悄悄話 輕輕的我來 的博客首頁 輕輕的我來 的個人群組 (0 bytes) (1 reads) 03/19/2021 11:25:18
? 好深情的歌！讚美風拉來的朋友，唱的真棒，好聽。 - woodwishper - ♂ 給 woodwishper 發送悄悄話 woodwishper 的博客首頁 woodwishper 的個人群組 (0 bytes) (3 reads) 03/19/2021 10:47:52
? 謝謝你啊：） - jzhou8968 - ♀ 給 jzhou8968 發送悄悄話 jzhou8968 的博客首頁 jzhou8968 的個人群組 (0 bytes) (0 reads) 03/19/2021 10:54:19
? 佳佳老師春分好，祝佳佳，春風得意喜上眉梢：） - 逗兒 - ♀ 給 逗兒 發送悄悄話 逗兒 的個人群組 (0 bytes) (2 reads) 03/19/2021 10:50:37
? 謝謝逗兒，春分過後春天就正式來了：） - jzhou8968 - ♀ 給 jzhou8968 發送悄悄話 jzhou8968 的博客首頁 jzhou8968 的個人群組 (0 bytes) (0 reads) 03/19/2021 10:54:00
? 鳳的朋友都這麽有才啊，好唱，讚 - 忒忒綠 - ♂ 給 忒忒綠 發送悄悄話 忒忒綠 的博客首頁 忒忒綠 的個人群組 (0 bytes) (2 reads) 03/19/2021 11:20:00
? 那是當然，佳佳是專業的大歌星！人還低調得不行不行的：） - beautifulwind - ♀ 給 beautifulwind 發送悄悄話 beautifulwind 的博客首頁 beautifulwind 的個人群組 (0 bytes) (0 reads) 03/19/2021 11:34:08
? 哇，佳佳老師，差點以為我走錯論壇了，尾音太迷人了 - 移花接木 - ♂ 給 移花接木 發送悄悄話 移花接木 的博客首頁 移花接木 的個人群組 (0 bytes) (1 reads) 03/19/2021 11:21:43
? 同讚，佳佳～…… - 青鬆站 - 給 青鬆站 發送悄悄話 青鬆站 的博客首頁 青鬆站 的個人群組 (0 bytes) (1 reads) 03/19/2021 12:20:54
? 專業演唱，真的以為走錯論壇了。 - 盈盈一笑間 - ♀ 給 盈盈一笑間 發送悄悄話 盈盈一笑間 的博客首頁 盈盈一笑間 的個人群組 (0 bytes) (0 reads) 03/19/2021 12:40:17