莫紮特是西方音樂史上古典主義時期重要的代表人物之一,是非常全麵多產的作曲家,僅彌撒就作有18部之多。其中以《c小調大彌撒》和《安魂曲》(安魂彌撒)最為著名,今天先欣賞《c小調大彌撒》。為什麽叫“大彌撒”? 可能是為了和作曲家先前寫的另一部《c小調彌撒》(K. 139 ,1768)加以區分。
如果看過電影《莫紮特傳》(Amadeus,1984),可能還記得下麵的場景:
my favorite scene from amadeus
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vNaXQQbcgw0&feature=youtu.be&ab_channel=missglory1
薩裏埃利翻看著手稿,被莫紮特的才華驚呆了。。。在手稿滑落之前那段天籟般的女高音 ,就是出自我們要欣賞的《c小調大彌撒》。
這部作品由以下四個部分共13個分段組成:
第一部分:“慈悲經”(Kyrie),1個分段;
第二部分:“榮耀經”(Gloria),8個分段;
第三部分:“信經”(Credo),兩個分段;
第四部分:“聖哉經”(Sanctus),1個分段;
第五部分:“降幅經” (Benedictus),1個分段。
可以看出,與通常的彌撒相比,以上結構缺少“羔羊經”,而且“信經”部分也不完全,因此被認為是一部未完成的作品。已經完成的部分於1783年在薩爾斯堡首演。作品由兩個女高音(當代演出有時是一個女高音,一個女中音),一個男高音,一個男低音,兩個合唱隊以及一個大型管弦樂隊表演。全曲時長約55到60分鍾。
這部作品沒有完成的原因並不清楚。實際上,完成的部分已經非常完美。後世有人把這部彌撒與巴赫的《B小調彌撒》和貝多芬的《D大調莊嚴彌撒》並稱為世界最偉大的三部彌撒。
關於這部作品的更多信息,英文見維基百科:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Mass_in_C_minor,_K._427
中文見百度百科:
https://baike.baidu.com/item/c%E5%B0%8F%E8%B0%83%E5%A4%A7%E5%BC%A5%E6%92%92
下麵是作品的第一部分“垂憐經”。其中女高音獨唱的旋律跌宕起伏又自然流暢如行雲流水,感情的表達深沉而又生動,是整部作品中最出色的亮點之一。這段音像由英國皇家斯特霍姆樂團(Royal Stockholm Phillarmonic Orchestra)和蒙特威爾第合唱團(Monteverdi Choir)演出,加德納(John Eliot Gardiner)指揮,演出年代不詳:
Mass in C minor KV. 427: Kyrie (1785)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SGWYbkXCcGU&ab_channel=AzaelHern%C3%A1ndez
下麵是莫紮特《c小調大彌撒》的完整音像,由德國巴伐利亞廣播公司合唱團及交響樂團(Bavarian Radio Chorus,Symphonieorchester des Bayerischen Rundfunks)於1989年演出, 伯恩斯坦(Leonard Bernstein)指揮,有拉丁文歌詞字幕。
SOLOISTS:
Arleen Auger, S ·
Frederica von Stade, MS
Frank Lopardo. T ·
Cornelius Hauptmann, B
W.A.Mozart - messa k427 – Bernstein
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yvcOGdTAfDs&ab_channel=mrz1958
下麵是《c小調大彌撒》完整音像的另一個版本,由英國巴洛克演奏家樂團(English Baroque Soloists)和蒙特威爾第合唱團(Monteverdi Choir)於1991年演出,加德納(John Eliot Gardiner)指揮:
Soloists:
Barbara Bonney, Soprano.
Anne Sofie von Otter, Mezzo-soprano.
Anthony Rolfe Johnson, Tenor.
Alastair Miles, Bass.
Mozart - Mass in C minor, K 427 - Gardiner
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nvvk7ZG1IZw&ab_channel=Cantus5
。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。
(ZT)
莫紮特《c小調大彌撒》歌詞的拉丁文原文與英文翻譯對照:
Kyrie Kyrie eleison. Christe eleison. Kyrie eleison.
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Kyrie Lord have mercy. Christ have mercy. Lord have mercy.
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Gloria Gloria in excelsi, Deo. Et in terra pax hominibas bonae voluntatis.
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Gloria Glory be to God on high. And on earth peace to men of good will.
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Laudamus te. Benedicimus te. Adoramus te. Glorificamus te.
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We praise thee. We bless thee. We worship thee. We glorify thee.
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Gratias agimus tibi propter magnam gloriam tuam.
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We give thee thanks for thy great glory.
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Domine Deus, Rex caelestis, Pater omnipotens. Domine Fili unigenite Jesu Christe. Domine Deus, Agnus Dei, Filius Patris.
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Lord God, heavenly King, God the Father almighty.
Lord, only begotten Son, Jesus Christ. Lord God, Lamb of God, Son of the Father.
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Qui tollis peccata mundi, miserere nobis. Qui tollis peccata mundi, suscipe deprecationem nostram. Qui sedes ad dexteram Patris, miserere nobis.
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Thou that takest away the sins of the world, have mercy upon us. Thou that takest away the sins of the world, receive our prayer. Thou that sittest at the right hand of the Father, have mercy upon us.
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Quoniam tu solus sanctus. Tu solus Dominus. Tu solus altissimus.
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For thou alone art holy. Thou alone art the Lord. Thou alone art the most high. |
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Jesu Christe.
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Jesus Christ. |
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Cum Sancto Spiritu, in gloria Dei Patris. Amen.
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With the Holy Spirit, in the glory of God the Father. Amen. |
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Credo Credo in unum Deum, Patrem omnipotentem, factorem caeli et terrae, visibilium omnium et invisibilium. Et in unum Dominum Jesum Christum, Filium Dei unigenitum. Et ex Patre natum ante omnia saecula. Deum de Deo, lumen de lumine, Deum verum de Deo vero. Genitum non factum, consubstantialem Patri: per quem omnia facta sunt. Qui propter nos homines, et propter nostram salutem descendit de caelis.
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Credo I believe in one God, the Father almighty, maker of heaven and earth, of all things, visible and invisible. And in one Lord Jesus Christ, the only begotten Son of God. Born of the Father before all generations. God from God, light from light, true God from true God. Begotten not made, of one substance with the Father: through whom all things were made. Who for us men, and for our salvation came down from heaven. |
Et incarnatus est de Spiritu Sancto ex Maria Virgine: et homo factus est.
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And was incarnate by the Holy Spirit of the Virgin Mary: and was made man. |
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Sanctus Sanctus, Sanctus, Sanctus Dominus Deus Sabaoth. Pleni sunt caeli et terra gloria tua. Hosanna in excelsis.
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Sanctus Holy, Holy, Holy Lord God of Sabaoth. Heaven and earth are full of thy glory. Hosanna in the highest. |
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Benedictus Benedictus qui venit in nomine Domini. Hosanna in excelsis.
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Benedictus Blessed is he that cometh in the name of the Lord. Hosanna in the highest. |
白日登山望烽火,黃昏飲馬傍交河,黃昏飲馬傍交河。
行人刁鬥風沙暗,公主琵琶幽怨多。
野雲萬裏無城郭,雨雪紛紛連大漠。
胡雁哀鳴夜夜飛,胡兒眼淚雙雙落。
聞道玉門猶被遮,應將性命逐輕車。
年年戰骨埋荒外,空見蒲桃入漢家。
關於記錄《古從軍行》的樂譜,你也可以用簡譜(如果覺得更方便);或者哼唱出來,再把錄音轉發給我,都不急。
順便提一下,我還未得空記錄《古從軍行》的樂譜,一直在外麵,才回到家,忙得底兒朝天。這是事實也是借口,不是音樂專業,寫五線譜像畫“豆芽菜”,讓您見笑了。