Countries, nationalities, and laguages

Using the
Most names of countries are used without the, but some countries and other names have the before them.
---> the United States/ the U.S., the United Kingdom/ the U.K., the Philippines, the Netherlands.

Adjectives referring to countries and languages
-ish:        Spanish, British, Irish, Polish, Danish, Turkish
-(i)an:     Canadian, Brazilian, American, Korean, Venezuelan, Mexican
-ese:       Japanese, Chinese, Vietnamese, Portuguese, Taiwanese
-i:           Israeli, Iraqi, Kuwaiti, Pakistani, Yemeni, Bangladeshi
-ic:         Icelandic, Arabic

Nationalities
Some nationalities have nouns for referring to people.
----> a Spaniard, a Filipino, a Turk, a Swede, a Dane, a Briton, an Arab
For most nationalities we can use the adjective as a noun.
---> a Canadian, a German, an Italian, a Greek, an African
Some need woman/man/person added to them ( you can't say"a Dutch"), so if in doubt, use them.
---> a Dutch man, a Swiss woman, an Irish person

World regions
Here are the major regions.
-North America
-the Arctic
-the Caribbean
-Latin America
-Scandinavia
-Europe
-the Middle East
-North Africa
-Southern Africa
-Asia
-the Far East
-Australia
-the Antarctic
-the Atlantic Ocean
-the Indian Ocean
-the Pacific Ocean

Peoples and races
People belong to ethnic groups and regional groups such as African-Americans, Asians, and Latin Americans. They speak dialects as well as languages. Everyone has a native language, or first language; many have second and third languages. Some people speak more than one language fluently and are bilingual or multilingual.