Roth 401K

 

401K是大家熟悉的一種 Retirement Plan, 它不僅延稅，降低TaxBracket，而且也是許多家庭投資理財的重要工具。

讓我們來簡單算一算，如果你能每年放滿401K，堅持30年，設每年的滿額是 $15,500,年投資回報是8%，那麽30年後你的IRA Account將有$1,896,361.

一般公司都有Match up，大概是你工資的2%-6%。所以每年實際上有約$20,000放入401K，那麽30年後你的IRA Account將有$2,446,917.

當然你得考慮Inflation，設每年的Inflation是3%，那麽現在的$1,000,000.相當於30年後的$2,427,262.

如此看來，單就401K一項就是百萬投資，值得大家去好好經營。

Roth 401K是近幾年一種新的 Retirement Plan，目前隻有25%-30%的公司提供這種Plan。

放入401K的是稅前的錢，你不必以當年的稅率交稅，但你得在退休取錢時以退休時的稅率交稅。

而放入Roth 401K的是稅後的錢，你以當年的稅率交稅，但你在退休取錢時不管是本金還是利得都不用交稅。

那你每年的Savings是放入401K還是Roth 401K? 這裏是我的計算：

X - Total yearly contribution before tax. ( i.e. $15,500 )
TaxRate_Current - The tax rate of the year you put the money in. ( i.e. 33% )
TaxRate_Retire - The tax rate of your retired years. ( i.e. 28% )
A - The total return factor ( i.e. 30 year,8% return each year, A = (1+8%)^30 )

So here is your total money you get after you retire and after tax:

401K                              Roth 401K
X*A*(1 - TaxRate_Retire)          X*(1 - TaxRate_Current)*A

i.e.
$15,500*10.06*0.72                $15,500*0.67*10.06
= $112,270.                       = $104,473.

401K is better than Roth 401K ONLY if TaxRate_Retire < TaxRate_Current.

But it's very possible you get higher TaxRate_Retire if you saved a tons of money.
So the suggestion is when you are young, your TaxRate_Current is lower, put your money in Roth 401K. When your earnings are great, your TaxRate_Current is higher, put your money in 401K.