From “安全套”to 現代漢語世界的遺憾!!
(2005-07-20 20:52:45)
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[文章來源: 讀者文摘 於 2005-07-20 10:06:02 ] ....
2005北京高考作文題目是《說“安”》,在許多人讚揚這個題目出得好並往“和諧社會”的大帽子上靠時,也有來自編輯家不同的聲音出現。一位多年從事編輯出版的人士說,“安”是個詞素,不是詞,詞素隻有與另一個詞素組合起來才有意義,比如“安全”、“安定”等等。他憤憤地說,說“安”我還可以說成是“安全套”啊。
難道不是漢語教育出了問題?複旦大學的一次漢語比賽上,讓外國留學生拿了冠軍,這隻能說明,人家在某種程度上比我們更精通漢語。這把中國人惹急了,可那是你自己不爭氣。
麵對這一漢語教育與研究的危機,中國人不是沒考慮過。2005年,中國將首次進行“國家職業漢語能力測試”,雖然,這僅僅是為求職而設立的一個證書。漢語不過關,將會找不到工作。反過來想,要是沒有那麽多漢語不過關的人,又何必多此一舉呢? 中國人找工作還要漢語技能考核,隻能說明,在學校所受的教育出問題了。
曾經有這樣一件事,一個知識分子家庭要求自己孩子在家裏隻允許用英語交流,有一次客人來訪,孩子用漢語說了句“吃飯了”,結果遭到父親一記耳光。孩子因說漢語而獲罪。最絕的是,客人回家後還以此為榜樣:“看看別人的孩子是怎麽學英語的?” 幼兒園都快成雙語了,從中學就開始重視數理化,到大學就搞專業了。漢語教育越來越弱勢。除非你大學進了中文係,但畢業找工作是個問題。許多人都抱有同樣的看法:漢語還需要學,這輩子不都在說嗎?甚至於中文係的學生自己也同樣認為,大學中文係學不了什麽新東西?
.... Like the author of this article, i too worry about the fate of Chinese. But, what is 漢語?? Can "文言文" represent modern Chinese language[written and spoken]??? Should we "worry about" our mother tongue according to how young people perform in the college entry exam???
Such articles seem to have pointed out certain problems Chinese Language faces, but certain parts of it read like it's written by a lay person. First of all, some editor said that "安"是個詞素,不是詞.
Of course, "安" is not a "ci," it is a "zi," a character. A character can function both as a 詞素 and 詞!!! It is sad to see a senior editor give such an naive example , "他憤憤地說,說“安”我還可以說成是“安全套”啊。"
安 can be use in words like 安全, but it is also a noun, such as in "問安,"請安" etc. But the over-all problem is not a grammatical one. Personally, I don't worry too much about the "longevity" of Chinese even though a few people speak and write 文言文.
The life of a language, any language, has to be a media in literature and art that address the most urgent message of the people!!!! What's the most urgent message we get from the Chinese-speaking World?? Money, sex, more money and more sex!!!! The fate of modern Chinese poetry reflects the fate of modern Chinese language. No more, no less.
----by 作舟
I believe "core of language" gives us "hope".....I believe poetry gives us "hope"....
“we chinese people should not take too much comfort in the past glory, but we need to be open to the possibilities of language....“
這段話讓我想起"一個詩人,每天都是“從零開始”" ,和今天讀到Erica Jong的詩歌
“Another Language”,詩中關於“I am round”,“The sound of O ”我很感興趣這兩個概念,蘊涵智慧和道理。if we are round and sing the sound of O, we will be very open to the possibilities of language....和所有的新事物.....
i can go on and on and on....
and on and on and on and on ......
歇會兒.... :)
[anyone got beer?? getting thirsty...]
cheers!!!!!
我們說一句話時不可能說出事物相對的雙麵,再會說話也隻能一次說出事物的一麵,所以產生辯論。語言傳情達意,隻有讀者既能完全領會傳情達意者表達的“一麵之詞”的意思,又能完全領會另一麵未說出的沉默著的意思時語言才具有意義。比如很有可能一個激情熱情的表達者,另一麵同時沉默著孤獨和寒冷(我們通過理解詩人顧城,徐誌摩就可以體會),反之亦然,所以致使人們欣賞神韻,“圓”,中庸等等。我想人們感到孤獨,渴望溝通,尋覓知音,也是因為語言的“片麵之詞”的限製,這個世界被一個“相對”,各執一詞,把人折騰得夠嗆…… 我努力著擦亮眼睛......
excellent point!!!!
as we know, the poetic language is closer to the "core of language"....that is why, i believe poetry gives us "hope"....
in that article, the problems come from the ignorance of poetry [the core of langauge], and people abuse their languages....especially under heavy influence of other ideologies and mentality....
english too had such problems before....but there was a great deal of effort the english-speaking people put into creating literature and poetry....
we chinese people should not take too much comfort in the past glory, but we need to be open to the possibilities of language....
i can go on and on and on....
anyone got beer?? getting thirsty...
:))
在語言失去意義的年代
我們與影子交談
破譯手勢
改寫符號
以光速
緩解苦痛
用完美
展示舊傷
撕去今天
的日曆
影子向你祝賀:
朝那無頁之書
又邁近了一步!
很多時候,我覺得我寫著寫著,仿佛是在寫給“自己”看似的,我的思路是一邊寫一邊出來的,寫完我自己有一些心得和體會......
我認為語言中有意義的是 “字” 作為一個詞素時所具有的意義,語言中最小的單位“字”,“詞素”是有意義的,就如每個個體的人具有本身各自不同的生命的意義一樣。而人們現在很少追尋自己個人生命的意義,如同人們忽略不真正尊重語言中最小的單位的個性意義一樣。
詞素組成詞,組成句子,段落,詩詞文章,很有可能失去意義,因為所有的話語都是“片麵之詞”,我說的“片麵之詞”,在這裏不是貶義,如果我們真正尊重語言最小單位的意義的話,就不會對詞語有褒貶之分,而是真正去理解這些被人誤導了的“好”詞。就像人不分好壞,隻有個性,對詞語我也是這個態度,所以我發現我說話常被人誤解,就是因為中文中有太多的褒貶。我說人“好”時會用引號,我是想表達我不是說這個“好”是“壞”的反義詞。我常感到“詞窮”,表達不了我想要說的意思,所以有時人們正話反說,很有可能也是因為感覺到“詞窮”,我嚴重支持“we need another revolution to reform Chinese language[s]!!!!”尊重語言最小單位個體的意義。
我們說一句話時不可能說出事物相對的雙麵,再會說話也隻能一次說出事物的一麵,所以產生辯論。語言傳情達意,隻有讀者既能完全領會傳情達意者表達的“一麵之詞”的意思,又能完全領會另一麵未說出的沉默著的意思時語言才具有意義。比如很有可能一個激情熱情的表達者,另一麵同時沉默著孤獨和寒冷(我們通過理解詩人顧城,徐誌摩就可以體會),反之亦然,所以致使人們欣賞神韻,“圓”,中庸等等。我想人們感到孤獨,渴望溝通,尋覓知音,也是因為語言的“片麵之詞”的限製,這個世界被一個“相對”,各執一詞,把人折騰得夠嗆…… 我努力著擦亮眼睛......
語言的本身是沒有意義的,所以有人說話語也是權力,每個人都是有個人的權力的,我們說話寫字是作為個人的權力,語言也可形成另一種權力/權威,“我們知道,“語言”也是人類/權威統治,壓迫,欺騙,哄騙,控製,剝奪,剝削,甚至取代其他同類的工具。舉個簡單的例子,我們日常的思維被媒體的“語言”指使操縱。”(作舟)。
如果語言有什麽神聖性,是語言的使命是要說出說話者的個性。如果語言不能說出個性,被人利用混淆視聽時,特別是被社會權力利用壓製個性時,不如沉默,沉默也有沉默的語言。語言表現個性,表達真知灼見時體現語言的使命。所以我理解上次提到的推崇詩的語言,是因為詩的語言最能表達個性,特別是個性詩人的語言。
《說“安”》這個題目,我認為出得好,至少有尊重語言中單位個體個性意義的趨向。有個性的學生很可以發揮一把,而不是被中文中沒有多少個性的詞語的約定俗成的意思所限製。但是高考製度的存在,閱卷老師主觀評判的參與,這本身就是對這個“安”字的最大諷刺。
在語言失去意義的年代
在語言失去意義的年代
我們與影子交談
破譯手勢
改寫符號
以光速
緩解苦痛
用完美
展示舊傷
撕去今天
的日曆
影子向你祝賀:
朝那無頁之書
又邁近了一步!
這首詩歌可以有幾種理解,引用在這裏,我理解為一個孤獨的追求者追求“意義”,追求發出自己個性的聲音,追求語言本身神聖的使命,同時渴望真正的交流。“話語有一個神聖的使命,就是想要證明說話者本身與眾不同,是芸芸眾生中的嬌嬌者。”也就是突出個性,個性最完美的體現是個性與靈魂並行(體現靈魂和精神)…… 與眾不同,做芸芸眾生中的嬌嬌者,完全不同於人前顯貴和說別人都是狗崽子,自己獨尊的自戀心態。而是“我以前在某處提過,就是在[語言]藝術創作的角度,我們的時代已不再是“英雄主義時代”了,“我們”自己就是“英雄”!!!” (作舟)
喜歡下麵的詩句,頗有感慨:
以光速
緩解苦痛
用完美
展示舊傷
"語言失去意義的年代". Is the era lost its old meaning, or the language lost in the era? :))
People are bleaching their hair, eating fast food, and creating hybrid language, or give the old words new meanings, etc, etc...:))
Hope LTG can write something to reflect the "new" language..:)
很愛你的這首詩歌!!!
在語言失去意義的年代
我們與影子交談
破譯手勢
改寫符號
以光速
緩解苦痛
用完美
展示舊傷
撕去今天
的日曆
影子向你祝賀:
朝那無頁之書
又邁近了一步!
i agree with what you are saying, "I just don’t want to see language is just treated as a skill, but as something more meaningful."
this is the tragedy of industrialization, globalization, corporation, etc...
the word "language" is becoming less and less human, but more and more mechanical, computerized, programmed, etc....
young people imitate tv personalities and talk like dolls with a rubber mouth....
the situation of an old language like Chinese reflects what's going on inside Chinese people's heads!!!!
we need another revolution to reform Chinese language[s]!!!!
:)
serious!!!!
Really like what you said!!!
A transitional period !!! in and out . . .
Invasion of language destroys certain aspects of the invaded language, but also creates something new for it.
I just don’t want to see language is just treated as a skill, but as something more meaningful.
yes!
it is also a sign of "the loss of Self," i think....
there is a sort of "detachment" between language and the self....
Chinese society, or the whole Chinese-speaking world, is going thru a transition now, and so is her language[s]!!
most Chinese speakers learn English not for its aesthetics or values, but for its "money power" --- lucrative jobs, business opportunities, etc....
however, there will always be Chinese language as long as there is Chinese people!!!
what's good Chinese or bad Chinese, it is hard to say!!!
in English, there are so many kinds of "Englishes" actually....
is "rap english" bad compared to the television english?
is the english spoken by black americans less english than whites' english?
...
blah blah blah
:)
thanks y.y. !
語言現在被很多人當作生存能力的一個MEASUREMENT,就象和電腦,文憑等等等等並
列在一起,它的HUMANITIES 的性質已經被人們生存的危機感抹殺。忽略中文到這個
地步在某種程度上折射出的是自卑!