三分之一的乳腺癌可預防

常聽到醫生建議人到40歲後，至少兩年要做一次mammogram screenings，我想家族好像也沒有這個曆史（總是從基因上考慮），所以對每年的常規檢查雖然很重視，但也總是提醒自己注意日常飲食，注意鍛煉身體。

剛巧今天看到這個題目，不僅有點得意。常規檢查不可少，但人更要注意自己的日常生活。人隻有健康，才可能快樂。


簡單翻譯(不好意思，我的一些朋友英語不是特別好）：

三分之一的乳腺癌可預防

巴塞羅納－西班牙報道       在西方，如果婦女少吃多動，1／3的乳腺癌病例是可以避免的。星期四的乳腺癌會議上，研究人員又舊話重提這個敏感議題。

專家指出，早期確診、乳房X線掃描檢查和更好的治療，已經大大減少了乳腺癌的發病率，現在的重心應該轉向改變人的行為諸如飲食和身體鍛煉上。很多發現表明，人的生活習慣（如吸煙、飲食、鍛煉、日曬等）對癌症發病率有重大影響。

乳房X線掃描檢查已經盡期所能，現在我們該更推一步。米蘭大學教授Carlo如此說。

人們以為是否得乳腺癌，更取決於她們的基因，而不是她們的生活方式，這是錯誤的。基因存在已經千年，如果癌症率會在一段時間變化，那麽這應該與基因無關。哈佛大學癌症專家Michelle如此說。

乳腺癌是婦女常見病之一。在歐洲，2008一年中， 有421,000新病例，有90,000死亡個案。美國去年則有190,000 新例，40,000死亡個案。

一個婦女在其一生中得乳腺癌的概率是1：8。2006年，英國研究人員發現，肥胖婦女得此病的概率比正常體重的婦女要高出60％。

女性荷爾蒙是很多乳腺癌發病誘因，而這種荷爾蒙正是由一種脂肪組織產生。因此，專家推斷女人越胖，女性荷爾蒙可能越多，並由此誘發乳腺癌。即使女人很瘦，鍛煉也有助於把脂肪轉成肌肉，從而減低癌症發病的危險。

One-third of breast cancer may be avoidable

By MARIA CHENG

AP Medical Writer

BARCELONA, Spain - Up to a third of breast cancer cases in Western countries could be avoided if women ate less and exercised more, researchers at a breast cancer conference said Thursday, renewing debate on a sensitive topic.

While better treatments, early diagnosis and mammogram screenings have dramatically slowed the disease, experts said the focus should now shift to changing behaviors like diet and physical activity. The comments added to a series of findings that lifestyle changes in areas such as smoking, eating, exercise, and sun exposure can have a significant effect on all sorts of cancer rates.

“What can be achieved with screening has been achieved. We can’t do much more,” Carlo La Vecchia, head of epidemiology at the University of Milan, told The Associated Press. “It’s time to move onto other things.”La Vecchia spoke Thursday on the influence of lifestyle factors at a European breast cancer conference in Barcelona.

Michelle Holmes, a cancer expert at Harvard University, said people might wrongly think their chances of getting cancer are more dependent on their genes than their lifestyle.

“The genes have been there for thousands of years, but if cancer rates are changing in a lifetime, that doesn’t have much to do with genes,” she told The Associated Press in a phone interview from Cambridge, Massachusetts.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. In Europe, there were about 421,000 new cases and nearly 90,000 deaths in 2008, the latest available figures. The United States last year saw more than 190,000 new cases and 40,000 deaths.

A woman’s lifetime chance of getting breast cancer is about one in eight. Obese women are up to 60 percent more likely to develop any cancer than normal-weight women, according to a 2006 study by British researchers.

Many breast cancers are fueled by estrogen, a hormone produced in fat tissue. So experts suspect that the fatter a woman is, the more estrogen she’s likely to produce, which could in turn spark breast cancer. Even in slim women, exercise can help reduce the cancer risk by converting more of the body’s fat into muscle.