英語常用不規則動詞大全,都幫你整理好了!

來源: ~葉子~ 2015-11-09 12:11:50 [] [博客] [舊帖] [給我悄悄話] 本文已被閱讀: 次 (78266 bytes)

英語常用不規則動詞大全,都幫你整理好了! 

2015-11-02 英語範

 英語中有許多不規則動詞,它們不能簡單通過加ed來獲得過去式,你知道的這些不規則動詞有哪些呢?看看下麵的不規則動詞變化大全,查漏補缺吧!

 ★記憶法一:常見93個不規則動詞的變化規律歸納如下:

 一、A—A—A型,即原形、過去式和過去分詞三者都相同。(共9個)

 cost—cost—cost

 cut—cut—cut

 hit—hit—hit hurt—hurt—hurt

 let—let— let

 put—put—put

 read—read—read

 set—set—set

 shut—shut—shut

 二、A—B—B型,即過去式、過去分詞相同。(共41個)

 1過去式和過去分詞都含有 -ought。(3個)

 bring—brought—brought

 buy— bought—bought

 think—thought—thought

 2 詞尾有-ild,-end時,隻需把d變為t。(4個)

 build—built—built

 lend—lent— lent

 send—sent—sent

 spend—spent— spent

 3過去式、過去分詞都含有 -aught。(2個)

 catch—caught—caught

 teach—taught—taught

 4把-eep變為-ept。(3個)

 keep—kept—kept

 sleep—slept—slept

 sweep— swept—swept

 5把-ell變為-old。(2個)

 tell—told—told

 sell—sold—sold

 6過去式、過去分詞都含有-elt或-ilt。(4個)

 smell—smelt—smelt

 spell—spelt—spelt

 feel—felt— felt

 spill—spilt—spilt

 7過去式、過去分詞都在原形詞尾加t。(3個)

 learn—learnt—learnt

 mean—meant—meant

 spoil—spoilt—spoilt

 8過去式、過去分詞詞尾是d。(4個)

 say—said—said

 pay—paid—paid

 lay—laid—laid

 hear—heard—heard

 9改變元音字母。(11個)

 meet—met—met

 get—got—got

 sit—sat—sat

 find— found—found

 hold—held—held

 spit—spat—spat

 shine— shone—shone

 win—won—won

 hang—hung—hung

 dig— dug—dug

 lose—lost—lost

 10改變輔音字母。(1個)

 make—made—made

 11改變元、輔音字母。(4個)

 leave—left—left

 stand—stood—stood

 have(has)— had—had

 understand—understood—understood

 三、A—B—C型,即原形、過去式、過去分詞都不相同。(共35個)

 1 i—a—u變化。(6個)

 begin—began—begun

 drink—drank—drunk

 sing— sang—sung

 ring—rang—rung

 swim—swam—swum

 sink— sank—sunk

 2 詞尾為-ow,-aw時,過去式將其變為-ew,過去分詞在其原形後加n。(5個)

 blow—blew—blown

 draw—drew—drawn

 grow— grew—grown

 know—knew—known

 throw—threw—thrown(show除外)

 3 詞尾為“i+輔(1個)+e”,過去式將i變為o,過去分詞多在原形後加n,若那個輔音字母為d或t,須雙寫d或t後加n。(4個)(give,hide除外)

 drive—drove—driven

 write—wrote—written

 ride— rode—ridden

 rise—rose—risen

 4 過去分詞在過去式後加(e)n。(5個)

 break—broke—broken

 choose—chose—chosen

 freeze—froze—frozen

 speak—spoke—spoken

 wake—woke— woken

 5 過去分詞由過去式加-ten構成。(1個)

 forget—forgot—forgotten

 6 過去分詞由原形加(e)n構成。(6個)

 be—was(were)—been

 eat—ate—eaten

 fall—fell—fallen

 give—gave—given

 see—saw—seen

 hide—hid—hidden(hid)

 7 詞尾為-ake時,過去式將其變為-ook,過去分詞在原形詞後加-n。(2個)

 take—took—taken

 mistake—mistook—mistaken

 8 原形、過去式和過去分詞都不相同。(6個)

 do—did—done

 fly—flew—flown

 go—went—gone

 lie—lay—lain

 show—showed—shown

 wear—wore—worn

 四、A—A—B型,即過去式和原形相同。(1個)

 beat—beat—beaten

 五、A—B—A型,即過去分詞和原形相同。(3個)

 come—came—come

 become—became—become

 run— ran—run

 六、情態動詞型,隻有原形和過去式,沒有過去分詞。(4個)

 can—could

 may—might

 will—would

 shall—should

 ★記憶法二:不規則動詞相對於規則動詞來說,難記得多,是最難對付的一類詞。學生難學,老師難教。幸好它們不是雜亂無章的,可根據其中的一些內部規律來記憶。下麵給大家介紹一種歸納記憶法,以期大家在攻克這一難關時,能收到事半功倍的效果。

 一、 原形、過去式、過去分詞相同:

 cost/cut/hit/hurt/let/put/read/shut

 (細心的你一定會發現,這些詞中大多數是以字母t結尾的。)

 二、 原形、過去式相同,過去分詞不同:

 beat/beat/beaten

 三、 原形、過去分詞相同,過去式不同:

 come/came/come become/became/become run/ran/run

 (come,become,屬不規則變化,但welcome屬規則動詞,其過去式、過去分詞為:welcomed,welcomed)

 四、 過去式,過去分詞相同:

 (1) 去掉字母組合ee中的一個e

 meet/met/met feed/fed/fed

 (2) 去掉字母組合ee中的一個e,然後再在詞尾加t

 feel/felt/felt sleep/slept/slept

 keep/kept/kept sweep/swept/swept

 (3) 詞尾為的ll 去掉一個l加t

 spell/spelt/spelt smell/smelt/smelt spill/spilt/spilt

 (4) 過去式和過去分詞以aught或 ought結尾

 catch/caught/caught teach/taught/taught bring/brought/brought

 buy/bought/bought think/thought/thought

 (5) 將stand改為stood

 stand/stood/stood understand/understood/understood

 (6) 將ay改為aid

 lay/laid/laid pay/paid/paid say/said/said

 (7) 將d改為t

 lend/lent/lent send/sent/sent

 spend/spent/spent build/built/built

 (8) 將i改為a , o, u等

 sit/sat/sat spit/spat/spat

 dig/dug/dug win/won/won

 (9) 將ell改為old

 tell/told/told sell/sold/sold

 (10) 詞尾加t

 learn/learnt/learnt mean/meant/meant

 dream/dreamt/dreamt spoil/spoilt/spoilt

 (11) 有兩種過去式和過去分詞, 一種是不規則的, 一種是規則的:

 learn/learnt/learnt learn/learned/learned

 shine/shone/shone shine/shined/shined

 hang/hung/hung hang/hanged/hanged

 smell/smelt/smelt smell/smelled/smelled

 burn/burnt/burnt burn/burned/burned

 light/lii/lit light/lighted/lighted

 (12) 其它

 have(has)/had/had hear/heard/heard

 shoot/shot/shot lose/lost/lost

 hold/held/held get/got/got(AmE gotten)

 find/found/found make/made/made

 leave/left/left

 五、三者均不同:

 (1) 過去式以ew結尾、過去分詞以own結尾

 blow/blew/blown fly/flew/flown

 grow/grew/grown know/knew/known

 throw/threw/thrown

 值得注意的是:

 show/showed/shown或showed draw/drew/drawn

 (2)改i為a變成過去式、改i為u變成過去分詞

 begin/began/begun drink/drank/drunk

 ring/rang/rung sing/sang/sung

 swim/swam/swum sink/sank/sunk

 (3)改i為o變成過去式,過去分詞以n結尾

 drive/drove/driven write/wrote/written

 rise/rose/risen ride/rode/ridden

 (4) 原形後加n變成過去分詞

 drive/drove/driven rise/rose/risen eat/ate/eaten

 give/gave/given fall/fell/fallen

 (5) 過去式後加n變成過去分詞

 break/broke/broken choose/chose/chosen

 freeze/froze/frozen mistake/mistook/mistaken

 steal/stole/stolen speak/spoke/spoken

 take/took/taken wake/woke/woken(或woke)

 (6)其它

 be/was或were/been do/did/done forget/forgot/forgotten

 go/went/gone hide/hid/hidden see/saw/seen

 wear/wore/worn

 六、 有兩種過去式和過去分詞,但詞義相同。

 wake/woke/woken (或woke) wake/waked/waked

 sink/sank/sunk sink/sunk/sunken

 七、動詞因其過去式、過去分詞有兩種形式而產生不同詞義:

 shine、hang的兩種過去式和過去分詞:

 shone/shone照耀 shined/shined擦亮

 hung/hung懸掛 hanged/hanged絞死

 八、兩個既可以做過去式,又可以做動詞原形的詞

 lie躺臥lay/lain/lying(現在分詞)

 lay放,下蛋laid/laid/laying

 find 找到、發現find/found/found

 found 創建,成立 found/founded/founded

 九、根據動詞之間的詞義聯係來記憶

 (一)詞義相對:

 (1) come/came/come來—— go/went/gone去

 (2) give/gave/given給——get/got/got(AmE gotten)獲得

 (3) sleep/slept/slept睡覺—wake/woke/woken (或woke)

 或wake/waked/waked 醒來

 (4) rise/rose/risen上升、上漲、升起——fall/fell/fallen下降、落下、倒下

 sink/sank/sunk sink/sunk/sunken 沉下, (使)下沉

 (5) buy/bought/bought買—— sell/sold/sold出售, 賣

 (6) take/took/taken帶去——bring/brought/brought 帶來

 (7) teach/taught/taught教——learn/learnt/learnt

 或learn/learned/learned學習、學會

 (8) lose/lost/lost丟失、失敗——find/found/found找到

 win/won/won贏得、(獲)勝

 (9) stand/stood/stood站、立——sit/sat/sat坐

 (10) send/sent/sent 送、寄、發送——get/got/got獲得、收到

 (二)詞義相近:

 (1) beat/beat/beaten 打, 打敗 win/won/won贏得、獲勝

 (2) understand/understood/understood 懂, 了解

 know/knew/known 知道, 了解, 認識

 (3) get/got/got(AmE gotten)變成、成為、變得

 become/became/become 變成, 成為, 變得

 go/went/gone變成turn/turned/turned變成

 (4) spend/spent/spent 花費、度過

 pay/paid/paid 支付、交納

 cost/cost/cost花費、價值為

 take/took/taken花費

 (5) say/said/said說、講

 speak/spoke/spoken說、演講

 tell/told/told 告訴、說、吩咐、斷定

 talk/talked/talked談話, 講, 談論, 議論

 ★記憶法三:

 1.無變化,過去式與原形相同。

 let→let, put→put, hit→hit, must→must, set→set, beat→beat, cast→cast, cost→cost, cut→cut, hurt→hurt, read→red, shut→shut

 (shed→shed split→split spread→spread burst→burst)

 2.元音字母的變化。

 i→a: begin→began, drink→drank, ring→rang, sing→sang, swim→swam, give→gave, sit→sat, sink→sank

 i→o: drive→drove, ride→rode, shine→shone, write→wrote, rise→rose, win→won,

 (strive→strove arise→arose)

 i→ou: find→found (wind→wound, bind→bound, grind→ground)

 a→oo: take→took, shake→shook

 e→o: get→got, forget→forgot

 o→a: come→came, become→became

 oo→o: shoot→shot, choose→chose

 3.元音字母組合的變化。

 aw/ow/y→ew:draw→drew, blow→blew, grow→grew, know→knew, throw→threw, fly→flew

 4.元音字母和輔音字母都有變化。

 (1) sell→sold, tell→told, retell→retold

 (2) say→said, pay→paid, lay→laid, relay→relaid

 (3) sweep→swept, keep→kept, sleep→slept, creep→crept

 (4) bring→brought, buy→bought, think→thought, fight→fought

 (5) catch→caught, teach→taught

 (6) can→could, will→would, shall→should

 5.輔音字母變化。

 (1)build→built, send→sent, bend→bent, lend→lent, rend→rent, spend→spent

 (2)make→made, have→had, hear→heard

 (3)mean→meant, learn→learnt

 

 

所有跟帖: 

這麽全啊! 謝謝葉子?:) -南山鬆- 給 南山鬆 發送悄悄話 南山鬆 的博客首頁 (0 bytes) () 11/09/2015 postreply 18:35:15

read—read—read are pronlunced differently -abookl- 給 abookl 發送悄悄話 (0 bytes) () 11/09/2015 postreply 19:24:20

分成“A—A—A型”等不同類型來記,真不錯。Wish sis a happy Thanksgiving in advance. -斕婷- 給 斕婷 發送悄悄話 斕婷 的博客首頁 (0 bytes) () 11/15/2015 postreply 12:34:30

問好鬆鬆,婷婷!謝謝abookl的補充!祝你們節日快樂! -~葉子~- 給 ~葉子~ 發送悄悄話 ~葉子~ 的博客首頁 (0 bytes) () 11/25/2015 postreply 13:12:39

請您先登陸,再發跟帖!